Physicochemistry - polarization. Pptx

7. 11 polarization (polarization) when there is no electricity circulation on the electrodes and the electrodes are in a state of equilibrium, where electrodes are referred to as the reversible (balanced) and diode (balanced) voltage respectively, page 1, 15 pages. Reasons for polarisation: ? Slow ? Poor ? Poor ? Slow reaction ? Electrochemical ? In the case of out-of-date electricity flows, and as current density increases on the electrodes, the actual deviation of the electrodes is also increasing, and this deviation from the reversible balance of power is called the polarization of the electrodes. Page 2, 15 pages. (1) the concentration of an ion in the vicinity of the electrode changed as a result of the electrode reaction and the rate at which the ion spread in the ingenuity solution could not compensate for this change, resulting in a concentration gradient between the concentration of the solution in the vicinity of the electrode and the solution of the ingenuity, the difference of which caused the change of the electrical power of the electrode called concentration extreme. Spectrometric analysis can be carried out using mixing and heating methods to reduce concentration polarization, as well as on drop mercury electrodes. Page 3, 15 pages. For example, there is a similar situation in the anode at electrolytic concentrations of silver nitrate solutions in the cathode reaction electrolytics, but on page 4, 15 pages. Ag+ example: ag+ + e-? Agv is slow, v is fast ag+ + e-? Agc? Ag+ cag+ (balanced) e? E cathode polarization reduces the arctic electrodes and increases the anodes by five pages and fifteen pages. (2) electrochemical polarization the electropolar reaction is always carried out in several steps, and if the rate of reaction is slow in one of these steps, a higher activity is required, so that the additional voltage applied in order for the electropolar reaction to proceed smoothly, known as electrochemical superpower (also known as activated superpower), is called electrochemical polarization. Page 6, 15 pages in total. Declining cathode power: 2h++e-? H2? Ev slow reaction, cathode accumulation electrons 2h+ + 2e-? H2 electrochemical polarization reduces the cathode power; it increases the anode power. The results of both polarizations make the seventh page 15 pages. The method of measuring the polarization curve is e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-r. The relationship between ultra-power or electrode power and current density is called the polarized curve, whose shape and pattern of change reflect the dynamics of electrochemical processes. (1) the polarized curve of the two poles in the electrolytic tank, with increased current density, also increases the superpower of the two poles and increases the anode's ability to analyse the larger cathodes and the smaller power of the two poles, resulting in additional energy consumption due to increased voltage due to polarization. Page 9, 15 pages in total. E-reversible + e-irreversible x-ray e-reversible x-ray electrodes j (electric density) polarized curve (pollarization curve) electrolytic cells (polarization curve) polarized curves of two electrolytic poles in the anode anode electrolytic pool, page 10, 15 pages. The polarisation curve (2) the polarized curve of the two poles in the original battery the negative polar is the anode and the positive polar is the cathode. As the current density increases, the arctics become larger and the cathodes become smaller. The working capacity of the original battery has been reduced by polarization. Use this polarization to reduce the rate of electrochemical corrosion of metals. Page 11, 15 pages in total. E-reversible - e-irreversible cyanide e-reversible e-reversible e-negative positive polar curve j (flow density) polarized curve (pollarization curve) at the twelfth page of the polarized curve of the two poles in the original battery electrolytic tank. Tafer empirical: superpower of hydrogen? = a + blg(j/)a, b ? Experience constant empirical superpower: the absolute value of the difference between a current-density electrodes and their balancing electrodes is called superpowers, expressed as? Obviously: ? (yo) = e (yo) = e (yo) = e (yo) = e (yo) = e (yo) = e (yo) = e (yo) = 13, 15 pages. +a electrometer 2 electrodes 1 glycerine electrodes superpowering page 14, 15 pages. Discrepancies between electrolytic and original battery polarization。