An influent pressure sensor is a sensor used to detect current pressure in engine-influencing systems. It converts air pressure signals into telecommunications through physical and electrical means and transmits them to the engine control module (ecm) via a vehicle-mounted computer, thus achieving accurate control of engine working conditions。
Injective pressure sensors are widely used in a variety of internal combustion-driven vehicles and equipment such as cars, motorcycles, ships, etc. It plays an important role in ensuring engine stabilization, reducing pollution emissions and increasing fuel economy。
This paper will provide detailed information on the working principles, classification, characteristics, malfunctions and maintenance of input pressure sensors。
I. Rationale
The working method of the ingestion pressure sensor is based on the pressure resistance effect. It contains an electronic component known as pressure-sensitive electrical resistance, whose electrical resistance values vary with the internal pressure of the sensor. Pressure-sensitive resistance is reduced when the pressure is increased; when the pressure is reduced, the resistance is increased. This change will be converted into a telecommunications number and transmitted to the ecm。
The installation position of the ingestion pressure sensor is usually on the engine entry channel. When the air is inhaled into the air channel, the air flows through the sensor's interior, thereby changing the pressure inside the sensor. The sensor converts the pressure signal into a telecommunications signal by means of pressure-sensitive electrical resistance and transmits it to the ecm. Ecm controls the operational status of the engine according to the signal received, e. G., adjusting fuel jet capacity, adjusting the timing of ignition。
Classification
Depending on the scope of measurement and the principle of measurement, the infusion pressure sensors can be divided into absolute pressure sensors and differential sensors。
1. Absolute pressure sensors
Absolute pressure sensors are also called pressure stress sensors, which measure the difference between air and atmospheric pressure. In absolute pressure sensors, the sensor measures the difference in pressure between the gas and the vacuum, rather than the pressure relative to atmospheric pressure。
Absolute pressure sensors are characterized by high accuracy and a wide range of measurements that can stabilize work in harsh environments such as high altitude, high temperature and low temperature. It is widely applied in aerodynamics fields such as aircraft, rockets and high air balloons。
2. Differential pressure sensors
The differential pressure sensor, also known as the relative pressure sensor, measures the difference in the pressure before and after the air flow through the sensor。
In the differential pressure sensor, the sensor measures the differential pressure of the gas at different locations. Sensors have two sensor chips, which are installed at air imports and exports. When the air passes through the sensor, the sensor chip at the entrance measures static pressure, the core at the exit. The piece measures the pressure, and the difference between the two is the differential signal. The differential signal is converted to a telecommunications signal and then transferred to the ecm for processing。
The differential sensors are characterized by rapid response speed and narrow measurement ranges, and apply to current pressure measurements in engine-input systems. It is widely used in motor-driven vehicles and equipment such as cars, motorcycles, etc。
Iii. Characteristics
1. High precision
The inflow pressure sensor has a high measurement accuracy and can measure small pressure variations. It is usually between 0. 1% and 1% and meets the precise control requirements of the engine's working state。
2. Stability
Invent pressure sensors use high-precision electronic components such as pressure-sensitive electrical resistance, which provide better stability and reliability. It can stabilize its work in the long term in harsh working environments without errors due to changes in ambient temperature, humidity, etc。
3. Rapid response
An imported pressure sensor has the characteristics of a rapid response, capable of responding to changes in the pressure over a small period of time and converting the change to a telecommunications number. This feature allows the sensor to control engine performance quickly and accurately, thus increasing engine power and economy。
4. Strong resistance to interference
Influencing pressure sensors employ anti-disturbing techniques and are able to function normally in complex electromagnetic environments. It is not affected by engine ignition systems, electromagnetic wave interference, etc., which ensures the sensor's ability to accurately measure air pressure signals。
Iv. Functions and maintenance
1. Causes of malfunction
The main causes of the ingestion pressure sensor failure are as follows:
(1) injection vent jamming: the injection vent jamming leads to inaccurate pressure signals measured by the sensor, thus affecting the working state of the engine。
(2) poor wiring: poor wiring of sensors can result in the sensor not working properly, thereby affecting the operational state of the engine。
(3) sensor component ageing: the ageing of sensor component results in a decrease in sensor accuracy, thereby affecting the operational state of the engine。
(4) sensor damage: the damage to the sensor will result in the sensor not working properly, thereby affecting the operational state of the engine。
Maintenance methods
The main maintenance methods for inflammation pressure sensors include the following:
(1) clean-up of vents: clean-up of vents can solve sensor malfunctions caused by congestion of vents。
(2) examination of wire connections: checking whether the sensor wire connections are strong and reconnecting if loose。
(3) replace sensor elements: sensor elements shall be replaced when the sensor element is seriously ageing。
(4) replace sensor: the entire sensor shall be replaced when the sensor is damaged。
It is important to note that, in replacing sensors, the same type and specification as the original sensor should be selected to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the sensor。
Summary
Aninventive pressure sensor is one of the important sensors in the engine-inventing system, which has high accuracy, stability, speed of response and high resistance to interference. It plays an irreplaceable role in engine work。
