Opening remarks
In april 1994, china became the 77th member of the international internet family, with full access to the internet. This year is the thirtieth year of full-capacity internet access in china, and it is also an important point for “half-ace”。
There are too many “objects” to be kept in mind in the short 30 years of development, with a surge of tide and wind. Over the past three decades, the internet in china has been available from birth to age and from age to strength, producing many objects, applications or platforms. The value of the above objects or applications is not only commercial, but is more a form of love and a lasting memory of people's lives and feelings。
To this end, the newkyo newspaper shell united china internet development foundation, the china positive energy network dissemination fund, launched the theme " 30 years of the internet " . It is hoped that by telling the story of the landmark objects, applications or platforms in china's history of internet development, china's 30-year history of internet evolution will be outlined and its future will be seen。
30 years ago, a web line connected china to the world. Today, the internet is half-a, and china is back on the net, and it is still alive。
Communication is a link between people and an important symbol of social development. The ancient people passed the message through kiosks, pigeons, fire alarms, etc. Today, with the development of science and technology, communication is almost entirely done using cable or radio. The means of communication continue to be innovative。
Since the beginning of the reform and opening up of the country's communications, which have moved from a “1g blank, 2g follow, 3g break” to a “4g synchronized, 5g lead”, mobile communications have become an important engine of economic and social transformation, contributing to high-quality socio-economic development. In particular, high-profile results have been achieved in the construction and development of 5gs。
The construction and application of 5gs in the country is continuing, as is the layout of 5g-a and the research of 6g. According to zhang ping, a member of the chinese engineering institute and president of the pan-union school of china, our communications technology follows the pattern of “using, building and developing a generation”, “4g technology is being used on many occasions, 5g is being built, applications need to be strengthened and 6g technology will be advanced in the next 10 years”
From 1g to 5g, from blank to lead
In 1978, the first mobile cellular telephone system in the world was developed at the bell laboratory in the united states, and the technology was then commercialized and replicated in the united states. During the same period, europe and countries such as japan and canada also followed up positively. Our first generation of mobile communication systems was officially opened and commercialized in 1987. The quality and limited capacity of communications at this stage are unstable and mainly used for voice calls. The original 1g cell phone, formerly the big brother, became a luxury for a few because it was expensive。
In 1991, gsm was officially introduced in europe and mobile communications reached the second generation. The second generation of mobile communications marks a move from analogue to digital technology, which has significantly increased the user capacity of the system. In 1995, china introduced the 2g network. China's leading operators, such as mobile operators, have invested heavily in the infrastructure of the 2g network, improving network coverage and user experience。
As science and technology continue to develop, the development and diffusion of 3gs has become a consensus, resulting in a third generation partnership, the 3gpp. China began commercial services for 3g technology in 2008, using three main criteria: wcdma, cdma 2000 and td-scdma. Td-scdma is the 3g standard for china's autonomous research and development, marking an important breakthrough and autonomous innovation in mobile communications. The 3g has significantly improved the quality of voice and data services and has also led to the rapid development of mobile internet and multimedia services, laying the foundations for a mobile internet age。
In december 2013, the ministry issued 4g plates to three major operators. The 4g commercials are booming. In 2017, in an interview with the media, the director of the information and communication technology development department of the ministry of industry and communications stated that the country had achieved a transition from “2g follow-up” “3g breakthrough” to “4g synchronization”, not only a significant increase in industrial r & d capacity, which formed a complete industrial chain, but also became the author of international standards. “from the issuance of 4g plates in december 2013 until march 2017, it took three years for our country to catch up with the construction of the world's largest 4g network.”
5g is a stable, high-speed, reliable evolution of mobile communication systems and a continuation and enhancement of 4g. On 6 june 2019, china's mobile, china connect, china telecommunications, and china's wide power received 5g commercial licence plates, marking the country's entry into the 5g commercial deployment phase. Over the past few years, our 5g construction development has yielded remarkable results。
By the end of april 2024, the country had built a cumulative total of 3,748,000 5g base stations, with more than 26 base stations per 10,000 people, a 5g network moving steadily from “county districts” to “villages”, a 5g industry network exceeding 30,000; a global share of 5g standard required patent declarations exceeding 42 per cent; a scale replication of 5g in key sectors such as mining, electricity and health, and the gradual advancement of 5g applications in the industrial sector from the periphery to the core of research and development design, production and manufacturing. Over the past five years, 5gs have led directly to total economic output of about $5. 6 trillion and indirectly to total output of about $14 trillion, which has contributed significantly to high-quality economic and social development。
“modular communications technology and industrial development are examples of china's self-reliance in science and technology, its innovation and its representative industries for the benefit of its people.” china has evolved into a major mobile communications user, manufacturer and application power。
He mentioned that the development of mobile communications ranged from 1g to 4g for individual communications, but not only did 5g bring a wider bandwidth and a higher rate, but the greater development of 5g was its location in applications, industrial applications and numerous unknown applications innovations. He also stated, however, that “the 5g half-way still needs to be stepped up”. The potential of 5g has yet to be tapped. The potential for volume growth of 5g versus 4g has not been released due to delayed development of feature applications. 5g technological progress and user experience improvement have yet to be closed。
5g-a commercial year, 6g research on schedule
Last april, china moved to the first 5g-a base station on mount everest, marking the peak of the world into the 5g-a era. According to the china mobile presentation, with the opening of the 5g-a base station, visitors can make live broadcasts, make video calls, watch high-resolution videos, allow area staff to upload surveillance data in real time and provide reliable emergency rescue communications to climbers。
Not only mount everest, but many cities in the country are already working on 5g-a projects. In fujian, the 5g-a-perception technology was used to provide on-site security for large-scale events such as the simon marathon race and the bi-strait fire fair. In early may, shanxi moved to join forces to build the first network of 5g-a colleges at the transport city college。
Some manufacturers refer to 5g-a as 5. 5g. 5g-a is a phase of transition between 5g and 6g, which has been significantly enhanced in many ways compared to 5g, including the addition of three new scenarios: hyperbroadband, broadband real-time interaction and communication perception convergence. “5g-a can help to address some of the deficiencies and challenges in the application of 5g technology, such as broadband uplifting, reducing power consumption, and reducing equipment costs through a simplified version.” choi kai, assistant research director, idc china, said。
2024 is considered to be 5g-a commercial year. A number of operators and communication equipment providers are engaged in construction. Last october, china launched the first full series of 5. 5g product solutions worldwide. At the beginning of this year, china's connected principles published five g-a10 innovative demonstration results. In march, china announced the official commercialization of mobile 5g-a and will be moving forward with the 5g-a commercial deployment in 300 cities this year. In april, china telecommunications 5g-a landed in yunnan。
“the different operating chambers define their own 5g and 5g-a development strategies in accordance with their market position and competitive dynamics.” the chief analyst of omdia, a market research institute, yang gwang, stated that global telecommunications operators had not yet reached a consensus on a 5g-a development strategy, but that this did not prevent leading operators in leading markets, such as china and the middle east, from first deploying to explore their scale development and business success. In the course of a partnership with the executives in the fields of science and technology, media and telecommunications in deloitte and touche, a number of operators and telecommunications equipment providers added up to 5g-a to contribute to the development and innovation of the entire industrial chain. The growing maturity and commercialization of 5g-a technology will also drive the development of relevant industrial chains, such as chips, terminals, applications, etc。
In parallel with the robust layout, the 6g study is on the agenda. In april of this year, the 6g innovation development forum, a parallel forum of the china-kang village forum, established the 6g innovation and ideas integration innovation platform. The platform will bring together elite teams and members from all fields to bring technical expertise to facilitate the future industrial application of 6g-oriented telemetric integration technologies。
The vice-president and secretary-general of the china association for the standardization of communication (ccp) has indicated that 5g technology applications have demonstrated revolutionary potential in many fields, such as industrial internet, auto-driving and telemedicine. 6g will have faster, less time-consuming and more connected density. It will bring forward technology such as artificial intelligence, intelligence awareness and computing into deeper integration. It will extend the boundaries of communication technology to unprecedented areas and lead to a completely new digital era。
The deputy general manager and chief engineer of the china sinko group and director of the national laboratory for wireless mobile communications, chen yamayu, in an interview with the media, said that our 6g technology development was at the forefront globally, that there had been significant progress in the development of 6g technology and that there had been significant breakthroughs in wireless transmission technology, network technology and the integration of new scenes。
“technology 6g is currently at a critical three-year development window, which has received unprecedented attention from countries around the globe, and our forward-looking configuration of technology 6g has been clearly articulated in development planning at the national level and in the provinces and municipalities.”。
The permanent vice-president of the pan-union college of china, huang woo hong, president of the china institute of mobile studies, mentioned that the 3gpp standards organization planned to begin pre-studying the 6g standard in 2025 and complete the first version of the standard development in 2029. There is an industry consensus that there will be commercial products for 6g around 2030.”
The event was supported by the china internet development foundation, china's china positive energy network dissemination fund。
Shell reporter, sun wenjun, editor, chen li, proofmaster, willow bing
