For five full years, riding an electric car, the wind blows out more than 30 kilometres a day, and it's been stuck in a massive error zone: it's always felt that the right-hand switch is the switch to control the voltage, and the deeper it is, the higher the battery's voltage to the electric power, the faster it runs. It's not a big deal。
It took less than two years for the electric car to continue to shrink, to go to the garage to replace it, and the maintenance master to untangle the internal structure. Turns out that the switch that we're holding every day has no capacity to regulate the battery's high pressure. It's just a signal remote that transmits the instructions. The real control of speed, current, power core is the control under the barrel。
When i got to the bottom of this logic, i changed the bad habits of twisters, and the same set of batteries ran for more than a dozen kilometres, and the rate of battery loss slowed significantly. Today, instead of using incoherent circuit terms, all of the words are used to decipher the true working methods, correct the cognitive error that most of the drivers have stepped on, and share the skills of riding without hurting batteries, extending the life of the car, whether it is routine to walk, delivering children, or long-term running by out-of-pocket riders。
I. Core truth: transferring only weak telecommunications without any involvement in high-pressure battery regulation
The vast majority of car owners compare the switch to the car gas door, and the unconscious belief that the turn handle changes the battery output voltage is the most fundamental mistake. New state-coded electric bicycles, electric light-movements, whether 48v, 60v lead-acid batteries, or lithium-battery car types, which are compliant on the market, produce a constant primary voltage that does not rise or decrease as a result of a change in the twisting range。
1. Translating the internal structure to a simple structure, with only three fine lines to transmit a weak signal
Dismantling of any electric wheel, with only four internal structures: record springs, permanent magnetic magnets, linear hole sensor elements, three connections, and no element that can regulate high voltage circuits. Three lines are clearly divided:
The first red line: the continuous output of the controller stabilizes the 5v low-pressure power supply, which is dedicated to the supply of electricity to hole components
The second black line: the public negative polar line, which forms a complete weak circuit
The third green line (part of which is of a blue line): a signal line, which is responsible for transmitting externally the converted voltage signal of the magnetic field。
The complete turnover of the working voltage zone is only 0. 8v-4. 2v, which is weak, and even electric car lights are inert, making it impossible to drive the electric power directly. Batteries give 48vs and 60vs to the electric power, which are not trans-routed, and are separated by controls, which are completely separate circuits, without interference。
2. The whole twisting process is just the process of transforming the magnetic field
When we twist the wheel with our right hand, we can only spin the magnetic steel in the outer shell in sync, with a change in the distance, relative angle of the magnetic steel and the horticultural components and a change in magnetic field strength. The hole component senses the strength of the magnetic field, which translates into a weak telecommunications signal with a corresponding value, which is transmitted through the green line to the controller below the barrel:
1. Total unwinding: magnetic steel away from the hole element, signal line output of 0. 8 v low signal, controller determination of glitch speed, direct cut-off of electric power and stationary vehicle
2. Screw one third of the process: signal lines output around 2v medium signals, controllers release flat and small currents and vehicles travel at low and flat speeds
3. Wrestling half-way: signal lines output 3v signals, controllers increase current output, and speed is significantly increased
4. Turning to the bottom: magnetic field is strongest, signal lines output 4. 2v full load signals, controller releases peak currents and vehicles reach extreme speed。
A simple living example: the switch is equivalent to the air conditioner remote control, which only sends a weak signal of “heating, cooling”, and the high power of the 220v, air conditioner compressor, which is all regulated by the air conditioner mainframe. The motor vehicle logic is the same, turning to tell the controller only how fast i want to be, and to really regulate the high voltage, control the power of the power, all of it to the controller。
3. The controller is the brain of the car
There's a lot of questions about how the car is going to slow down if the battery's voltage remains the same. The key is the pwm pulse-modulation technology on the controller. When the controller receives the weak telecommunications signal that is being transferred, the average power actually obtained by the power is adjusted by the time of breakage of the main circuit through the high frequency (hf) to change the passing time of the current to the electric generator。
The higher the value of the signal, the longer the controller directs the circuit, the greater the currents obtained by the generator in the instant, and the faster it turns; the lower the signal is turned, the longer the circuits are broken, the currents are reduced and the speed of the vehicle slows down. There has been no change in the rated voltage of the whole-way battery itself, except for the effective supply of electricity from the controller to the electric generator, which is the central basis for the transfer of the pressure-modification devices at all。
Ii. There are three cognitive error zones all over the network, almost all of them
Daily short video clips and conversations with carmates allow us to hear all kinds of misconceptions about transfer, which mislead the owner of the car into violent riding habits, aging batteries, controllers, electric machines, and correcting each article。
Miss one: the deeper the turn, the higher the output voltage
This is the most widespread misconception. Batteries are rated fixed, 48v batteries are filled with empty voltage around 54v, and the voltage will be reduced slightly under the mounted load, but this fluctuation is not related to the remaining battery power, the load of the cycling, and the twisting range。
It is also full of electricity, with a light wrinkle and flat cycling, and the output of batteries remains around 52 v; at an instant, the battery voltage will only drop briefly and will not rise. If the voltage can really be raised, the entire circuit and the electric power will be burned because of the overpressure and the factory will not use this dangerous design。
Error area two: direct connection to power, equivalent to power switch
Many car owners feel that the switch is the main valve for electric power, which turns open, unwinds, and completely ignores the existence of the controller. Only 5v weak telecommunications lines are being transferred, and the main electric power lines of dozens of volts are being driven, which are connected only to batteries and controllers and do not pass through the transfer, and the circuits are completely isolated。
This can also explain a common failure: the failure to re-route water, the breaking of signal lines, and the fact that the vehicle is simply unable to speed up, but the entire light and dashboard are still functioning normally and do not cut off the entire vehicle; the direct connection to the main circuit of the electric power plant and the direct paralysis of the entire vehicle would be completely incompatible with the actual failure。
Zone three: quick power savings due to steady voltage, short-lived power consumption
Many of the main kop rides further away at even speed, but this is misinterpreted as “stabilizing the flat hourly voltage and rapidly accelerating the high voltage consumption”. The truth is that, while pacing, the medium signal is maintained, the controller exports a flat and small current, the battery continues to be discharged at a steady pace, the power conversion is efficient and the heat is depleted; the start-up and ramps are twisted, the controller immediately releases a peak current, the battery is discharged sharply for short periods of time, a large amount of energy is converted to heat white and white, and the water is reduced significantly, while damage is done to the battery polar plate。
Iii. Getting to understand the principle: full of twists and twists, four large pieces of accessories accelerate the end of life
I used to like to start all the way to the end and run up the slopes and think it was just a matter of electricity until the mechanic gave me the data to calculate the losses. The frequent filling of the trigger control peak power can cause irreversible damage to the four core parts of the electric vehicle, long-term violent riding and the cost of repair and replacement can save hundreds of dollars a year。
1. Batteries are the most severely depleted, lead-acid drums and lithium power are rapidly declining
Lead-acid batteries are the most vulnerable to instant excess electrical discharges, starters, climbers and rollers, and the cell panels are subject to severe chemical reactions, with polar sulphideation and shell drums coming down in the long run, with a direct reduction in their useful life from 3 to 4 years to 1-2 years. The cost of replacing 48v lead-acid batteries on the market is around $400, and the cost of replacing a group in a year is high, with frequent violent riding。
Lithium batteries are also unable to withstand sustained large current shocks, the internal diaphragms of the core are vulnerable to damage, cliff drops can be sustained, and heat drum packs can be severed and safety risks exist. Many of the car owners are unsatisfied, mostly not because of poor battery quality, but because of inappropriate riding habits。
Controls are overloaded and easily burned short circuits
The power switches within the controller are responsible for the transmission of currents, with fixed current load limits. Each time they are full of riding, their power lines are overloaded for long periods of time, they continue to warm and bake circuit boards, the welding points are slowly oxidized and, in serious cases, the circuit boards burn short roads directly。
The out-of-pocket riders are filled with running cars for a long period of time, replacing the controllers once a year on average, with an original plant controller at a price of up to and including $500; and maintaining a steady control that extends the controller's life cycle to three to five years, saves significant maintenance costs。
Three, the electric magnet's retreating and the slopes are getting weaker
The electron is embedded in a permanent magnetic magnet, and continuous large currents create a reverse magnetic field that slowly weakens the magnetism, which is what the industry often calls a retreat. After a year or two years of operation, the same slope must be sprawled in order to get up, and the airborne power is clearly weak, at the root of which is the long-term cycling that causes magnets to retreat. Electrical maintenance and replacement costs amount to $780 and are among the most expensive parts of the vehicle。
The whole line, the hot hair, the fire
The peak current flows through the battery main line, the controller plug, and the beam end generate a large amount of heat, which accelerates the ageing of the rubber seal of the plug and the rust of the metal terminal. Rainy water vapour follows cracks into plugs and is prone to short circuits, poor exposure and, in extreme cases, high-temperature fire, with significant security risks。
Iv. Practical skills for day-to-day cycling, utility vehicles, new hands
With a clear understanding of the routing, control and work logic, adjusting the cycling hands will result in a significant reduction in vehicle wear and tear and an increase in the duration of the voyage, and the following practical methods, which can be used directly for commuting, walking and delivery。
One, step one, step one, step one
When the red and green light starts and the cart starts, the wheel turns one third, and when the vehicle moves smoothly, then the twist is slowly increased, so that it does not become instantaneous. A smooth start would only release a flat current and avoid the instant peak discharge of the battery, which would extend by more than 10 per cent。
There are old people and children riding electric cars in their homes, and this habit must be passed on. The old man is so strong that he can easily wring and wring, both to hurt the car and to fall out of control because of the instant acceleration。
2. Low- and flat-speed rides, less repeated and slower
The city's roads are heavily red and green, with frequent and rapid accelerations, and brakes are responsible for electricity consumption. The smooth non-motorized lanes, which maintain a one-half velocity rotation, stabilize the current with the output of the controller and have the highest power utilization. The early observation of the traffic lights, the loosening of the slides and the reduction of brake wear and tear while saving electricity。
Three, climb ahead of schedule. Don't push hard
Faced with steep slopes of uphill slopes and detours of the floor, a slight increase in turnovers ahead of the flat ground to keep the power flat to climb the slopes; if the midway power is insufficient, a small deepening would suffice, rather than a direct hard drive. When filled with loads and liftings, the slopes are further slowed down, current peaks are lowered and batteries and electric generators are protected。
Four, stop the car and turn back to zero. The door
When the red light and the roadside stop temporarily, it is important to untie and reset and not to twist and turn. The in-situ space is full, the electric power is not resistant to movement, the controller continues to export large currents, the electricity is converted into heat loss, the electricity is consumed in white and white, and the baking controller component continues。
"5. Scrubbing the speed in the rain and drying the water in time."
In the rainy days, the road is wet, so it does not twist and accelerate, and is easy to slip and fall; and the gap is easy to enter and signals are drifting, as the unhandled car, commonly known as the “flying car”, continues to move forward. Ride home on a rainy day, shut down the power stationary ventilator, and do not twist the test car over and over and over again, and short-circuit water will burn down and turn the hole elements。
V. Transfer of current disappearances and responsibility
Many of the drivers are confronted with vehicle failure and crashes, pushing them directly to the repair shop to replace the entire switchboard, at a cost of several dozen dollars, and many of the faults can be checked at home, combining weak telecommunications with simple steps to locate the problem。
Fault 1: unlock the switch and the car is still moving forward
Core cause: switching signal lines and power lines into short water circuits, continuously exporting 4. 2v full signals, and the controller has been releasing the maximum current。
Self-checking methods: turn off the power supply, pull down and turn three-line plugs, dry the plug-in with dry paper towels, dry the wind blower with cold and low temperatures, and insert back for half an hour for testing; if the vehicle remains in motion, it will be replaced by damage to the internal holster component。
No, no, no
Self-censoring methods: power extraction and downplugging, opening door locks, touching both the plug-in red and the green lines with a finger, if the rear wheel moves normally, indicates that the controller is intact, but only the internal element is damaged; after touch, the generator is non-responsive, malfunctioning in the controller signal circuit and sending for repair detection。
It's not working
Most of them are trans-plugging, line wear, poor contact with the signal line and intermittent transmission. To check whether the wires were broken or broken, to re-stabilize the plugs and to paint a small amount of vassilin insulation, it would be possible to restore normality without having to replace accessories。
The content of the article is based on a personal perspective and is based on the transfer of electric car hole, the general electromechanical principle of the controller and empirical experience of the maintenance industry, with slight variations in the electrical control parameters of different brand-type vehicles and serious hardware malfunctions in vehicles recommended for inspection at regular doors。
Did you always get the wrong idea that the switch was a voltage? Is it normal for you to start all over or to accelerate? How long do you normally use a battery of electric cars? Welcome to the comment area to share your riding habits and car experience。
