On 17 march, the brent crude oil futures contract collapsed and went back to $100/barrel. The price of crude oil and the international situation seem to be clearly related. The linkage between the dollar and oil prices is also one of the reasons for maintaining dollar hegemony. Former united states secretary of state henry kissinger once said, “if you control oil, you control all nations”. Oil, referred to as the “blood of industry”, is not only a non-renewable commodity, but also an indispensable strategic resource for the survival and development of the country, with immeasurable effects on the country's industrial, economic and social development and national defence security. Today, jiri continues to lead you closer to oil and to understand the life before it。
As mentioned earlier, the oil industry has six words of the truth — insurance for the living cover (for more details: what is “black gold”). The six words briefly outline the requirements for the formation of a conventional oil and gas reservoir. This time, the stonechip studio will give you a detailed account of the life of oil
Survivors' covers
Theoretical basis of “birth”
Oil generation has two main perspectives: “inorganic factors” and “organic factors”. Most of the current oil circles are more receptive to “organism”, after all, oil itself is organic. We know that coal is formed by superior plants like ancient trees, but oil is formed by invisible microorganisms such as algae, plankton, bacteria, etc. Oil has evolved from high-temperature cracking under the conditions of retrogression of ancient low-life bodies, and perhaps the study of oil is the real “grave theft notes”。
Photos of fluorescent microphotos of various oily substances
After the death of a low-life, the bottom of the ocean is sunk and buried with mud dust, and converted into solids called “cheese roots” under zero oxygen (in the presence of oxygen, organic carbon is oxidized to co2). And the cheese root is heat-decompositioned out of oil and gas。
B. P. Tisnot et al., 1978
Conditions for “born” reactions
We also lack reaction conditions - temperature. The cheese roots are at different temperatures, and naturally the oil and gas types vary depending on the degree of fragmentation and the length of the carbon chain. The temperature indicator is mainly achieved by deep or magma: the deeper the burial (e. G., the tarrywood basin), the closer the magma (e. G., the bay basin), the higher the temperature, the shorter it takes to generate oil. However, the temperature should not be too high. After all, oil can only be generated at a given temperature: at too low a temperature, the biofunctional decomposition of cheeses generates natural gas; at too high a temperature, organic matter further cracks into natural gas. Does it look like you're taking a bath to warm up。
“bio” environmental needs
Oil, in short, is “oil from stone”. What kind of environment does a rock make oil? As river handling has diminished, rough gravel has ceased to be carried on shore and shallows, while the centre of the ocean is mostly a watery environment, free of strong hydrodynamic effects, and deep, mainly sedimentary particles. As sedimentation continues, loose mudslides in the lower part bind the remains of low-level organisms to a layer of pressure, creating fine sedimentary rock rich in organic mud, shale and so on. This rock, which produces oil, we call it "hydrocarbon source rock"。
Map of seabed topography patterns
As a result of the aerobic reduction environment, the combination of the fe and s elements produces a yellow ore mine (fes2) scattered in the rocks, and the colour of the organic matter itself makes most hydrocarbon-sourced rock black. In the case of non-recessional environments, organic matter is oxidized to produce inorganic co2. And the fe element will be oxidized to fe3+, making the entire layer red。
