Pyramid pyramid pyramid cultivation point and spring festival dynamite core technology
Fund project: project funded by the chinese-present scholar workstation (224,40051002)。
Wang qiang
0 introduction
PaeoNia suffruuticosa, a traditional chinese flower, is one of the world's most famous flowers. In china, it has been more than 1,600 years since the performance of the police force. Owing to its outstanding value, it is often widely used in the construction of gardens. The plant is a form of cultivation common to viewing flowers. Through the pelvis, it facilitates access to thousands of homes and transport and movement. The pelvis can be used not only for setting up hotels, conference halls, exhibition halls, etc., but also for multi-geographical flower exhibitions, holiday-based demonstrations, etc. But it has many branches and well-developed roots, and it is necessary to select large-sized flower basins in order for the plant to grow well. The overall weight of the soil-filled pelvis will limit to a certain extent its extension。
In recent years, small, sophisticated and light-simplified pellets have developed technology for the production of pellets, which are favoured by markets and flower lovers. Pockets, also known as mini-politans or case-keepers, are small, with one to three flowers per basin, easy to move and well-packaged; mature logistics systems and electrical platforms have further expanded the distribution channels for pockets, contributing to the healthy development of the pockets industry and high market prospects. At present, pellets have become one of the main forms of seedling supply, commonly known as pelvis. It usually takes 15 to 16 months for the pelvis to become a pelvis commodity, which is 1a longer than the conservation of the pelvis in the pelvis, but the quality and commerciality of the pelvis has increased significantly. In conjunction with scientific progress, research has analysed key techniques for the breeding of pellets and spring festivals in the areas of variety selection, seedling conservation and seedling production, providing some reference for the cultivation and industrialization of pellets。
1 pyramid pyramid cultivation
1. 1 varieties selection
Pyramid seedlings should choose species with straight head, colour, high flowering rate, low-planting, and evenly coordinated leaves. The most common suitable varieties are the “louyang red” “star” “rich house” “yuho” “yuhu” “yuuuu” “foo” “fuew twat” “calls” “huang” “zhuang cloud” “boo-sweet ink” “white snow tower”, etc。
1. 2 sapling requirements
It is appropriate to select two to three seedlings, which require a standing plant with two to three strong branches, full of sprouts, healthy roots and infestation。
1. 3 container requirements
The black plastic basin is commonly used as a flower pot with a calibre of 15-20 cm and an altitude of 20-25 cm. The flower basin is portable and has good temperature, air and water penetration. There are also three to five drainage holes located directly below the bottom of the flower basin, in a sift-like drainage hole, along the sides of 1 to 2 cm below the basin。
1. 4 substrate selection
Lightly simplified plant plants require a loose base, small and large total perforation, and a large volume of air and water, thus contributing to the growth of the plant's roots. Ground-based selection of lightly aesthetic earth and pearl rock is matched by a volume ratio of 4:1 to equalize the appropriate amount of ph。
1. 5 upper basin
In the central province, the pellets went up in late september to early october and were divided between white and autumn. After the plant was dug, the soil was removed, the soil was dried up from one to two d, and planted after the root had become softer. Using 50 mg/labt root powder solution, the plant is placed in the basin and the roots are rolled in the same direction, and the root is kept stretching; the matrix is filled in half, the seedlings are not dumped, and the flower basins are moved gently so that the matrix and the root line are closely aligned; and the soil continues to be filled to about 2 cm below the basin level, with a strong pressure. The plant depth is controlled by the matrix covering 1 to 2 cm of the root coding。
1. 6 post-basket conservation elements
1. 6. 1 daily maintenance
Once the pellets are in the basin, they should be watered with fresh water and properly maintained outside the house, while at the same time accepting natural temperatures to allow them to fully sleep. During the conservation phase of the plant seedlings, the water should be watered to the appropriate extent, in accordance with the soil conditions of the basin, and at high temperatures. In addition, the combination of fertilizing in the spring and autumn can be combined with an appropriate amount of microbicides and root agents each to promote their multiple roots. To catch fat in due course to ensure normal growth and development of the police. At the onset of the second spring after the first basin, the velvet fertilizer (mn∶mp2o5∶mk2o=2∶1∶1) 1-3g per basin. Spraying of 0. 5 per cent of potassium phosphate fertilizers on the back of the flower buds, once every 3-5d. The application of compound fertilizer (mn∶∶mp2o5∶mk2o=17∶171717) 1-2g before flowering, prompting the foliage to flourish. After flowering, 15d is fed into a pie fertilizer to supplement the nutrients in order to promote the formation of buds. Promote the use of integrated water fertilization systems, precision fertilization and watering, and increase the utilization of water fertilization. In addition, day-to-day management should pay particular attention to the detection of intra-basin biochemical indicators and the timely adjustment of the pelvic matrix ph to 7. 0-7. 5 and the electrical rate (ec) to 0-1 ms/cm. After watering or raining, the soil should be pine, warm and cool in a timely manner, taking into account the compaction of the soil, and the depth of the soil should not hurt its roots。
1. 6. 2 dilemma technology
Shortening technology has helped to expand the application of pythroids in home gardening. The application of the growth retardant 25 mg/kg or 500 mg/l pp33 during the small wind bells of the development of the oyster could act as a condensed pelvis for the development of the oyster. The number of pellets is small and the number of flowers is limited. It would not be advisable for the first spring of the first year to cause excessive flowering in the conservation of plant seedlings. During the lynch period or the small wind bells, a leaching measure may be taken on the basis of the strength of the plant, which has a condensed effect on the pelvis。
1. 6. 3 safe summer technologies
Oyster dan is happy, but it is not appropriate to have a direct light and a long summer sun. The introduction of basin technology will ensure the safer and safer the following year. The pre-positioned outer basin should be one size larger than the planted flower basin and open a circular drainage hole 10-15 cm in diameter at the bottom of the basin. On a flat, well-drained high ground, a pit of 50 to 70 cm size on a line can be just enough to enter the outer basin, and a pit of about 20 cm in depth, with the same perforated diameter as the bottom of the basin, is being dug in the centre of the pit, forming the structure of the large pit to the lower pit to solve the drainage problems of the pelvis. The pre-plant basin is slightly higher than the ground, with soil filling the outer parts of the basin, with grass-protected cloths laid on the open ground and, finally, the pocket-pump basin placed in the pre-fill. In may-september, shades were covered with 70 to 80 per cent sunnets above the basin, covering periods between 11 and 16:00. At the same time, water management is being strengthened to ensure that every 2d water is poured. Reduce the temperature of the pelvis and reduce the effect of the high temperature on the growth of the pyramid root system in the pelvis。
1. 6. 4 frozen winter technologies
In areas where winter temperatures are 15°c or more, it is possible to move out of protective measures to pre-plant the winter in the outdoors for those who have completed a reproductive cycle. The membranes can significantly affect the hydrothermal effects of the plant-planted pyramid and improve the micro-ecological environment of the plant-planted pyramid. In the case of pygmy pyramids who came to the basin that year, after winter, frozen water was placed in the basin, while white thin film was placed on the mouth of the basin, concentrated in a safe winter in an outdoor bow-shaped steel shed. The application or spraying of 14-hydroxyphenol is effective in preventing freezing before extreme temperatures or the onset of the cold。
2 pyramid pyramid pun-chun technology. Points
2. 1 temperature treatment
The suitability of low-temperature treatment not only determines whether or not the hibernation of the buds of the pelicans can be completely eliminated, but also directly affects the flowering period and the flowering quality. The timing of the start of the cold treatment was calculated on the basis of the supply period for the catalyzed police. The temperature of the freezer should be reduced slowly by reducing the temperature of the freezer to 2 ~ 0 °c in 3 - 5d; the humidity setting is 70 ~ 80%. Oysters vary in variety, as do cold storage at low temperatures, usually ranging from 30 to 40d. Upon full de-sleeping at low temperatures, the guard is placed under an outdoor natural environment of 2-3d and then moved into the solar greenhouses for winter production。
2. 2 greenhouse treatment
Before moving into the greenhouses, cleaning of greenhouses, ground weeds, etc., 50 per cent more than 800 times more than 50 per cent more than 100 per cent more than 800 times more, and 24h less than 24h less than 12h more venom。
2. 3 shearing
After entering the shed, pocket pon dan was trimmed before the bud. A limited number of python branches should be cut out of the thin, dry and redundant twigs according to the form of the plant; in the case of excessive twigs, the twigs should be cut off, leaving a second and third sprouts from the top down; and the sprouts of the twigs should be wiped out in time to clean up the leaves in the basin in order to form round, aesthetic strains。
2. 4 fertilizer management
During the pre-emergence phase after entering the shed, water is usually poured every 2-3 d and often sprayed on the pyrotechnic branch, while water is poured on the ground to increase the flaccidity of the branches and the temperature of the indoor humidity. And the soil is a little wet. As the leaves spread and the bud expand, the amount of water can be increased, at which point the pelvis must not be too wet. Application of appropriate quantities of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer before and after flowering can facilitate the absorption of nutrients and growth in the field. The application of appropriate nitrogen fertilizer during the current period increases the luminous efficiency of the leaves. Pocket-poltans are applied to a combination of nitrogen-based fertilizers, with a ratio of 1 :0. 49 = 0. 60 for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, before flowering; pre-pre-supplied pie-based fat water can also be followed up and used 1 per 3d。
2. 5 light management
The luminous effect of light on the flowering rate and the quality of the flowering field, in addition to influencing its growth through thermal effects, also influences the flowering effect in terms of light intensity and photomass. Long-term light, high-light and short-term blue-light treatments have had a relatively low effect on the pelvis. Upon entering the shed, the pygmy plume must be filled around 3h per night, depending on weather and light. In particular, in the later stages of the pyrotechnic season, the duration of the recharge should be increased appropriately, with a daily artificial light of 5h and a light strength of around 4500lx to facilitate the formation and quality of flowers。
2. 6 temperature management
2. 6. 1 motivation period - gushing period
The base point temperature for the split period of the pyramids and for the lumbers is 3. 6 °c. It takes about 10 d before the catapult enters the shed, at which time the temperature is required to be slightly lower, 10-15°c during the day and 5-6°c during the night. When the bud starts to start, the scales are split, fresh and swelling, and then enter the curvature and guillotine period, which takes about 15 d, the temperature of which is suitable for 7-15°c during the day and 5-7°c during the night。
2. 6. 2 precautions - walnut periods
It takes about 20 d for the whole process, from the charade to the walnut period. The buds are extremely sensitive to temperature changes and are exposed to low temperature during the period between the lyceum and the small wind bells, and should be strictly controlled during this period at 15-20°c during the day and 10-15°c during the night. In case of wind or temperatures below 5 °c, the temperature protection should be done. In this phase, where the buds expand, the leaves spread, the tubers reach their peaks and the number of plants grow rapidly, the plant space should be expanded in a timely manner and the flower basin should be repositioned. Some varieties of buds and blades are not the same, and should be regulated in a timely manner in order to avoid a “leaf-eating” or “flower-free” development of flowers。
2. 6. 3 peaches period - breakout period
The walnuts are growing rapidly to reach a diameter of 3 cm, at which time the leaf growth slows; the walnut period is also a critical period for regulating the flowering period, which takes about 20 d. The temperature of the temperature shall be controlled at 20-25°c during the day and 14-16°c during the night. Small and slow-growing plants require not only warmer but also light; large and fast-growing plants need to be moved to weak light positions and cooled。
2. 7 application of plant growth regulators
In order to break the sprout and promote a homogeneity of growth, the sprouts are pelted with small tatters and plastered with hair pens or defaminized cotton, with 300 to 500 mg/l cactin solutions, once a day. The cactin treatment promotes the decomposition of sugar and glucose and induces the development of buds. The accelerin is applied once every 2d and after the ecstasy period it is stopped, but for slow-growing buds, it can continue to be painted until the bud matures。
2. 8 disease prevention
The high temperature and humidity in the greenhouses makes it easier to plant silt, morbid, and root causes if the ventilation is not timely, but direct ventilation leads to lower temperatures in the shed. A ceiling fan can be mounted at the top of the shed to accelerate air circulation within the shed. In addition, integrated prevention and treatment measures, including control of flower basin density, rational watering, and ventilation and humidity in the middle of the day, should also be taken。
2. 9 packaging, transport
First, it wraps the branches with soft paper and binds them with plastic ropes, with basin sides in half of the box, and then inserts the other half of the box; secondly, it wraps around the foam box with transparent tape and paste it firmly at the opening; and finally, it places the initially packaged foam box as a whole in the customized box, places it in the maintenance management technical manual and labels it outside the box with information on varieties, specifications, origin, etc。
3 concluding remarks
The mini-baskets are popular with consumers because of their ease, beauty and application. The mini-baskets are extremely hot on the spring market. There has been a sharp increase in sales through emerging sales patterns, such as live delivery of goods and express delivery lines。
At present, however, the variety of pellets is not sufficiently rich, and there is still considerable scope for research and development of the shrunk, ready-to-flower, long-lasting pelvis and associated technologies. It is difficult to achieve many years of continuous flowering under family-planting conditions, and deaths are more common. Therefore, complementary conservation techniques for the promotion of plant-planted policing should be further studied。
