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When it comes to bamboo, our first impressions in china are elegant and practical. In the back of the house, a piece of mackerel is planted, which will be beautiful in the yard, and in the spring, which will be made of bamboo, which will grow up to make tables and chairs, baskets and scaffolds, as well as to make paper and everyday supplies. The country's mackerel forests are located in the southern provinces, and the country's bamboo industry, with its annual output exceeding 500 billion yuan, is a special sector that boosts the country's income, and is willing to grow bamboo, whether by farmers or courtyard lovers。
But the same plant has completely changed its face in america. In 14 states and more than 60 municipalities in new york, new jersey and maryland, stringent regulations have been introduced that directly restrict or even prohibit residents from growing new bamboo, imposing cumulative fines for the illicit planting of seeds, up to $1,200 per day, or more than $8,000 per day. In the event of the destruction of neighbor's homes and underground pipes by underground whips, the growers are liable to civil compensation of tens of thousands of dollars, and each year more than 2,000 cases are brought in the neighbourhood as a result of the cross-border movement of bamboo alone。
Many questions arise: how much harm can bamboo look at it soft? Is the us such a big ban? Many short videos refer to “the united states no bamboo” in general terms, without providing clear core details, and today, in conjunction with the department of agriculture's seed records, the university of maryland horticultural observation data, the real civil dispute cases on the ground, make it clear that there are several critical faults, and explain why the bamboo that was planted around china became a “green terrorist” for everyone。
First, identify the critical areas of error: the united states does not prohibit all bamboo, but only “run bamboo”
The vast majority of people suffer from cognitive deviations that would prevent the united states from planting any bamboo at all. The range of bamboo is divided into two main groups, growing and learning, and the standards for implementing local regulations are completely different:
1. Scrambling: all-american legal and random, without any control
They represent the following species: phoenix, buddha, and filial. Such bamboo roots grow only in small areas of in situ, with minimal horizontal spread, with no lashes penetrating the fence, foundations, incursions into neighbouring plots and no problems of destruction of infrastructure and uncontrolled proliferation. The nurseries are regularly sold and the residents are free to plant and are not subject to any fine, regardless of the city's courtyard or suburban residence。
2. Scattered bamboo: the focus is on each area, i. E. The species for which the ban is imposed
The american gave it an image name -- running bamboo, "the bamboo run." all of the mackerel, gold bamboo, bamboo and bamboo that is common in our country are scattered bamboo species that were introduced by the united states department of agriculture on its own initiative and that eventually caused great damage。
Its real destructive power is not a bamboo pole that can be seen on the ground, but a bamboo whip that is buried beneath the earth and is difficult for ordinary people to detect (underground prowl). The roots of ordinary plants and trees are mainly water-sucking down, and their spread is manageable; the bamboo whips, which are specially attached to the earth's surface, can extend four to five metres out of the surface in a year, with a section full of buds, large amounts of nutrients stored, and a dense root network quickly woven beneath the ground, with no fixed borders, unblocked by walls, ground barriers, and spreading quietly into the surrounding areas indefinitely。
In the past 1882, the us department of agriculture was the first to introduce gold bamboo seedlings, and in 1915, large-scale mackerel and mackerel plantings took place with the original intent of doing so: spreading bamboo roots to deal with soil erosion in the central plains; thick leaves and four seasons, serving as soundproof green fences in the yard at low cost and fast. At that time, scientists completely underestimated its uncontrollable ability to leave its original environment, and in just a few decades, the dispersing bamboo was transformed from a landscape plant to a risk of global invasion, forcing the states to enact successive bans and restrictions。
Ii. The core of america's firm control is the spread of the greatest terrors
(i) underground whips are extremely perforated, causing damage to houses, roads, underground pipes and maintenance costs
While mackerel and mackerel are not hard to look at, the continued cell fragmentation in growth results in enormous internal pressure, penetration is far beyond the imagination of ordinary people, with tar road, concrete, brick wall cracks and ground-based cracks, which can be drilled in with only a little space and grow directly to break the building structure。
The real civil case occurred in kentucky: a family had planted gold bamboo on the side of the wall for the beauty of the yard, and the previous two years had looked good and did not see any ground whips passing through the wooden fence. In just five years, bamboo whips entered the neighbour's yard in large areas, turning the whole lawn over the top and the mud up, and the concrete floor of the garage was strewn with huge cracks, the underground sewers were squeezed into disfigurement, and the walls were cut through cracks. Neighbors directly sued, and the court ruled that the growers were responsible for the full maintenance of the house, the replacement of pipes and the rehabilitation of the yard, together with the costs of specialized bamboo removal services, totalling over $18,000。
Public information from the government of princeton, united states, clearly points to the irreversible structural damage caused by spreading bamboo whips that enter the building following a hole in the house's pipe and a hole in the foundations. Many households wait for their floors to rise and the wall to rise, and the underground root net is already full of land, and the best time for cleaning is completely missed。
Ordinary families clean themselves up largely ineffectively, even if they cut off all the poles on the ground, and if only a small piece of bamboo is left in the earth floor, the next spring will re-emerge. The team needs to dig deep soil more than 1 metre, pick up all the bamboo whips on a piece-by-part basis, and spend thousands of dollars on manual and mechanical costs, which ordinary families cannot afford. Underground gas pipelines and municipal cables are crushed by bamboo whips, which can also lead to safety incidents such as leaks and power cuts, and municipal maintenance costs can eventually be traced to the head of the bamboo grower。
(ii) unbridled cross-border proliferation, which breeds large-scale neighbourhood disputes, and localization of special “make litigation”
The boundaries of united states land ownership are clearly defined, private land parcels are strictly protected by law, and any plant roots or branches that cross the borders of other people's land are tortious and the growers are fully responsible。
The american horticulture association (awoa) reports that each year there are more than 2,000 neighbourhood complaints and civil suits in the united states, and that the legal profession has even derived an operational branch specialized in bamboo abuse cases. The wooden fences and the wall of bricks were completely unstoppable, and many inhabitants tried to dig a ditch and lay plastic barriers, which would have drilled under it in less than two to three years, without any effect of isolation。
There are targeted penalties in place:
The town of selville, new jersey: newly planted scavengers, with a single fine of up to $1,200, in addition to ongoing daily violations
2. Connecticut: dispersed bamboo must be at least 40 feet from the ground boundary, not subject to quarantine measures, and a daily fine of $100
3. Virginia: $50 for the first cross-border fine and $300 for the maximum two violations within 12 months
4. Maryland, part of the town of new york: there is a direct and complete ban on the cultivation of newly planted bamboo, and the stock of bamboo is limited to 1 metre of stainless steel slabs, which is being forcibly eliminated and fined。
Many of the residents had been trying to grow green gardens, end up flaying their neighbours and filing lawsuits, both to pay for the restoration of each other's property and to clean up the entire mackerel forest at their own expense, and to exacerbate tensions in their neighbourhood, which were the cause of the heavy-handed control of local governments。
(iii) home-grown natural enemies, wild invasions and destruction of indigenous ecosystems
This is a long-term hazard that is more difficult to reverse than the loss of property. In china, there are complete ecological checks and balances of the scattered bamboo: in the wild, there are bamboo phids, mackerel, bamboo whips, bamboo grafts, and hills and hills that naturally prevent the expansion of mackerel trees; at the same time, the country has been experiencing long-term artificial logging, logging and utilization of bamboo forest, which has continued to control the scale of the bamboo forest, making it difficult to have unrestricted wild expansion。
In the united states, however, in the wild, no native species feed on scattered bamboo, there is a lack of natural counterbalances and, together with large areas of flat plains in the centre, there is no mountain barrier, and once bamboo cans escape from private homes, enter forest lands, wetlands and nature reserves, they quickly form a single pure bamboo forest。
The growth rate of scattered bamboo is alarming, with some varieties growing up to 30 centimetres per day, and in just two to three years, they can grow into a series of unventilated bamboo forests, with thick bamboo leaves completely covering the sun, without light from the native grasslands, shrubs and saplings under the forest and gradually dying. Field survey data from the tennessee eco-protected area show that native native plant cover has declined by 70 per cent in forest areas that have been invaded by scattered bamboo, and that indigenous insects and birds relying on indigenous grass, shrubs have fallen by cliffs, and biodiversity has been severely damaged to form a “green desert”。
Even more problematic is the fact that ordinary herbicides can only kill ground bamboo poles, are unable to penetrate deep soils to remove bamboo whips, are extremely difficult to clean up in the wild, and it is difficult to restore the old vegetation structure with huge investments in ecological governance, with irreversible long-term damage to the local native ecology。
(iv) the winter is cold and resilient, with widespread proliferation and high control costs
The university of maryland's multi-year horticultural observation report shows that the prevailing invasive scaffold tolerance limit is as low as below 26°c, and that most regions of the united states, from southern texas to north-eastern minnesota, are able to survive and reproduce normally, and 32% of the country is now home to wild scrawling。
Whether it is wet forest land, dry suburban courtyards, roadside green belts or low-lying wetlands, bamboo whips can be adapted to all kinds of earthy growth, with rates of reproduction well above all the local native bushes and wood. Each year, the länder are required to invest heavily in urban patrols, clean-up of residential areas across borders, field invasions of bamboo forests, high ecological and municipal management costs, and local governments are required to reduce new cultivation from sources and the burden of subsequent management through bans and high fines。
Three: why do we sow in china and not spread it
Many readers wonder that the country's rural mountains, its own courtyards, have grown mackerel, and that there have never been a breakout of houses, invasions, and the core of the differences between china and the united states is four:
1. Checks and balances on the sustainability of natural predators
In the country's bamboo forest environment, bamboo elephants, bamboo bees, bamboo rats and various parasitic species continue to erode bamboo whips and mackerel and naturally inhibit the unrestricted expansion of bamboo; these checks and balances do not exist on the mainland of the united states, and bamboo breeds without natural constraints。
2. Long-term manual continuous management and utilization
The bamboo is of economic value, and in the spring villagers enter the mountains to dig for spring, regularly cutting down ripe bamboo poles for sale, farming and building materials; and regularly cutting off the supply of underground bamboo lashes and artificially controlling the expansion of bamboo forests. The american people have no habit of picking, cutting and using bamboo, so that it is rarely managed and allowed to spread indefinitely。
Natural terrain isolation
My country's bamboo forests are mainly scattered along the southern mountains and hills, with the natural spread of the slopes, rocks and streams that cut off the cross-sections of the population, making it difficult for the whole series to invade residential areas; the vast area of the united states of america is flat plains, free of impediments to topography, and can pass through entire plots and roads without restrictions along the earth layer。
4. Isolation awareness associated with gardening
In the country, there is a great deal of spreading bamboo from home homes, often with walls to dig deep trenches, cement to block walls, and whips; in the early years of seeding in the united states, businesses deliberately weakened the risk of expansion and ordinary residents were completely unaware of the destructive power of bamboo whips and would not be able to carry out deep isolation measures until the problems could be recovered。
Iv. Guidelines for the cultivation of bamboo pits in ordinary courtyards to distinguish between species and avoid stepping ray
After reading the u. S. Regulatory cases, this does not mean that we cannot plant bamboo in the country, so long as we separate the species and isolate them, we can enjoy the bamboo landscape without destroying the houses and affecting the neighborhoods, and we can sort out simple, ready-to-land planting points:
1. Priority is given to the production of bamboo (phoenix-tailed bamboo, buddha-taught bamboo)
The roots are secure, do not move around, do not dig deep into the cleavages, and the balconies and small courtyards are planted without fear of crossing borders and damaging the foundations of the bricks。
2. Double-segregation is required for the planting of bamboo, gold bamboo, etc
• cultivated at least 8 metres from the floor of the house and the wall
• digging deep 1-metre loop ditches along the growing area, with thick stainless steel partitions that are 10 centimetres above the ground and prevent the use of bamboo whips
• periodic inspection of grooves during the spring and autumn seasons in order to trim bamboo whips that extend outward and avoid a long-term build-up out of control。
3. Buildings on the ground floor with small gardens not recommended for spreading bamboo
Underground, there are warm ground, sewers, floor mats, and bamboo whips can easily penetrate into the basements, destroying pipes and lifting floor bricks. The cost of later clearance is extremely high。
V. Conclusion: plants that are not good or bad can become a hazard if they leave their original environment
While bamboo itself is an extremely valuable economic, landscape plant that has grown for the benefit of the people in china's millennium history, the growth characteristics of species are limited by their suitability. In north america, which lacks natural enemies, manual control and terrain, hyper-reproduction and penetration are out of control, causing continued damage to property, neighbourhood conflicts and ecological damage
