Common ac failure maintenance methods.
I. Knowledge on air conditioning . 4.
1. Air conditioners:.
A fully known air conditioner is a processed air equipment that is provided directly to the room or other closed area。
These include, inter alia, refrigeration systems for refrigeration and wetting, air cycling and purification units, heating and ventilation。
The main function of air conditioners is to filter, cool and dehumidise indoor air。
Automatic regulation of indoor temperature (some also functioned as heat preparation and replacement of new winds)。
Air conditioning can be classified into single cold, heat pump and electricly assisted heating, depending on function。
2. Variable-frequency air conditioners repairers: .
The ability to continuously regulate the frequency or velocity of compressors to a certain extent can alter the flow of refrigerants, while new air conditioners that are self-regulating the output are the most capable of meeting environmental conditions。
Variable-frequency air conditioners combine digital signal processing and analog controls with artificial intelligence controls。
In contrast to normal air conditioners, variant air conditioners have the advantage of cooling the heat quickly and robustly, efficient and reliable, comfortable and reliable, intelligent frosting, heavy wetting, ultra-silent, and wide voltage。
Distinction between fac and rac: .
1) the high power of the fac is activated, rapidly reaching set temperatures, maintaining low power, and room temperature balance, resulting in rapid cooling of heat, low power saving and low room temperature fluctuations。
2) the stationary-frequency air conditioner operates at a fixed power level, maintaining indoor temperature through frequent switches, which slows thermal cooling, shocks household grids and fluctuations in room temperature。
The difference between digital direct air conditioning and communication air conditioning: i'm sorry.
The communication air conditioner changes the frequency of the compressor's power supply, thereby changing the rate of operation of the compressor and the frequency of its supply 10hz-150hz.
Direct-flow ac changed the electric voltage of the compressor, thereby changing the working speed of the compressor to 150v-260v。
3. Representation of air conditioners:.
National air conditioners are named as follows: kfr(d)50lw/t(d bp j xf) k-ac f-r-heat pump heat - auxiliary electric heating 50-refrigeration/heat pump d-assisting l-struction type w-outdoor t-development type d-flow bp-variance j-ion de dust x-direct f negative ion (l-structure type designator: "l"-closure, "g"-wall, "c"-window, "n"-inner collection, "f"-f; "q"-imaging; "d"-humptop).
4. Refrigeration/heat preparation of air conditioners: i'm sorry.
1) refrigeration of air conditioners, when operating, from closed rooms in units of time, is known as the cooling of air conditioners。
2) the heat released by air conditioners from closed rooms during the operation of heat during unit time is referred to as the heat of air conditioners。
3) 150 w cooling per square metre of ac: thus introducing the calculation formula for room space using ac: i'm sorry.
Refrigeration / 150w = +2 = -2 = 0.
“"is the size of the adaptation room `0' for the maximum area `0' for the minimum area for adaptation, for example: kfr-2601gw/bp refrigeration: 2600w 2600/150 = 17 17+2 = 19 17-2-15.
That is, the area covered by the air conditioner is 15 - 19 m2, and thus the number of air conditioners。
Classification of ac according to refrigeration: .
1 p: 2300 w-2500 w 1. 5p: 3000 w-3600 w 1. 25p: 2600 w-2800 w.
2p: 4000w-5200w 3p: 6500w-7200w 2. 5p: 5800w-6200w.
5p 1200w 10p: 2400w.
Electricity consumption: .
1 p: 900 w, 1. 5 p: 1,300 w, 2 p: 1800 w.
3p: 2800w 5p: 5000w 10p:10000w.
220 v and 280 v of a general air-conditioning voltage of 220 v 3p; 220 v for household use; 380 v is for commercial applications.
In general, 5ps and 10ps are commercial machines, and the codes for 380v are typically "3", "s".
Area applicable to air conditioning: .
1 p: 11-17m2 1. 5p: 18-25m2 2p30-33m2 1. 25p: 18-23m2 3p: 40-45m2 5p: 60m2 or about 10p:50m2 around.
Ii. Certification markings on air conditioners . 5.
Air conditioners sold on the market, mostly with quality certification marks, which vary from one certification body to another and are common air conditioner quality certification signs: i'm sorry.
(b) ib markings: the inspection markings of china's export-import and commodity inspection agency indicate that the products are of a secure and reliable quality for the goods officially imported and exported。
Any imported household electricity products must be marked in order to be sold on the chinese market。
The “great wall” logo: the ccce quality certification mark。
The products subject to compulsory certification are televisions, recorders, air conditioners, refrigerators, electric fans, electric tools, low-pressure appliances.
3. As signs: the australian standards association (saa) uses the logo for electrical and non-electronic products, which is safeguarded by commonwealth business regulations and is internationally applicable。
Beb logo: tested and qualified logo for british insurer laboratories。
It is an authoritative symbol that is prevalent in many countries of the world。
5. Ul logo: united states insurance firm certified logo。
6. Jib signs: the logo issued by the japan organization for standardization (jib) for its inspection of qualified electrical products, textiles。
7. Cecc logo: european electrician certification logo。
In addition to selecting air-conditioning products on the basis of branding, performance, specifications and so forth, various quality certification markers can also be used as a reference, and the knowledge of some certification labels can be of great benefit to consumers。
Iii. Common ac malfunctions and methods of judgement.
Common malfunctions.
(1) leak: refers to refrigerant leakage; electrical (wireline, airframe) insulation-induced leakage, etc。
(2) blocking: means dirty and ice-clogged refrigeration systems; air filters blocked; wind vents, vents blocked by obstacles, etc。
(3) break: refers to the break-up of electrical circuits; the melter's melting; the contact point of the overloader caused by overheating or excessive currents; interrupted contact points of pressure relays due to abnormal pressure in the refrigeration system。
(4) burning: refers to the circuits of the compressor's motors, the circuits of the fan's motors, the electromagnetic valve wires, relay wires and contact points, etc., being burned。
(5), card: means the compressor is stuck, the fan is stuck, the bearing of the motor parts is stuck, etc。
(6) fragmentation: refers to the breakdown of the compressor valves, pistol hair, break-ups of fan blades and various components。
Common failure methods.
The basic methods used to determine common malfunctions in domestic air conditioners are to see, hear, touch, measure and analyse。
1. See: carefully observe the performance of air conditioner components, focusing on the refrigeration, electrical and wind systems
Rating, judging whether they work properly。
(1) refrigeration systems: observation of cracks, cracks, frosts and truncations in the refrigeration systems; whether there is a friction between the circuits, the pipes and the casings, in particular where there is a leak in the connection of the refrigerant pipe, where there is oil pollution (with a quantity of refrigerated oil in the refrigeration system) and where there is a link between the mains of the tube, the mains of the tube, etc., can be wiped with a clean sheet, and the mains can be wiped to see if there is oil pollution to determine if there is a leak。
(2) electrical systems: to observe whether the melting fuse of the electrical system has melted, whether the insulation of the electrical guidance lines is intact, whether the circuit boards have broken, and whether the connection points are loose。
In particular, the electrical connection is well exposed, and the connection screws and plugs are very loose to cause poor exposure。
(3) ventilation systems: to observe whether air filters, thermal exchanger tubes and wings are overstretched; whether vents and vents are open; whether the wind engine and fan are functioning properly; whether the wind power is normal, etc。
2. Hearing: is the sound of an electric switch opener listening to the air conditioner compressor working properly, is there an abnormal sound, is there a noise noise in the fan running, etc。
Air conditioners are operating with minor vibrations and less noise under normal conditions, usually below 50db。
If the vibrations and noises are too high, the reasons may be:.
(1) inadequate installation。
If the size of the frame does not match that of the aircraft, the fixed or uninvited rubber, foam cushions, etc., can increase vibration and noise during operation of the air conditioner。
This was particularly evident when it first started and when it stopped。
(2) an abnormal vibration of the compressor。
The base is poorly installed, the foot is not horizontal, the seismic rubber or the seismic spring is poorly installed or the seismic effect is poor。
Anomalous sound can also be made if the compressor's internal malfunction occurs, such as the fragmentation of the valve, hydraulic shocks, etc。
(3) the fan hit。
Badly installed or deformed fan blades cause collision sound。
The fan may be in contact with the wall shell, the chassis, the axis of the fan moves, and the loss of balance of the blade may cause an impact; if there is an alien in the fan, there is also an impact on the blades。
3. Touch: feels the cold, vibrating, etc. With the relevant parts of the hand-held air conditioner help to determine the nature and location of the failure。
Under normal conditions, the temperature of the condenser is gradually decreasing from top to bottom, with lower temperatures slightly above ambient temperatures。
It is abnormal if the whole condenser is not hot or slightly warm in the upper part, or if the temperature of the two pipes adjacent to the upper and lower is significantly different。
The evaporation unit normally places its watered fingers on the evaporation unit's surface, with a chilled feeling of glue。
The dryer, the catheter at the export point should under normal conditions have a warmer temperature (which is slightly higher than the ambient temperature and is essentially the same as at the end of the condenser's pipe), such as feeling lower than the ambient temperature or having dew condensing on the surface and temperature differences in the various parts of the catheters。
Inhaler tubes at 200mm from compressor should normally have the same temperature as the environment。
Measurement: in order to determine precisely the nature and location of the malfunction, the performance parameters and state of the air conditioner are often checked with instruments and instruments。
If a leak detector is used to check for refrigerant leakage; if the power source voltage, the power flow to the ground at each end of the line and the running power flow is met by a mass meter, computer-controlled air conditioners should also be measured for the normal level of the control points, etc。
Analysis: most of the results obtained through the above-mentioned tests reflect only a local state。
The air conditioners are connected and interact with each other, and a failure may have multiple causes, and one cause may also have multiple failures。
Therefore, a comprehensive comparative analysis of the local factors is required to determine the nature and location of the failure with complete accuracy。
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