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"sincerely"The news is realIt's true and true
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It's true and true
Contents
I. The initiative of the news and the traditional information
Ii. One-sided news and news failures
I. Unintentional partiality
1. Time and spatial limitations
Ii. Restrictions on information technology
3. Limited communication capacity
Ii. Intentional partiality
Results driven by competitive media markets and market interests
2 the position of the media and value bias
Text
If you ask..News coverageThe ability to be purely objective and true without prejudice is tantamount to asking whether the earth is round. Media coverage is biased and does not fully apply the principles of objectivity and authenticity, which in turn leads to a history of misinformation and even false news. Whether it is the western media, which embraces objectivity as a faith, or the chinese media, which respects the principle of the objectivity of the press, it is difficult to answer the above-mentioned rhetorical questioning. Mcluhan also said: “the newspapers are the product of prejudice, the tabloids are frank prejudices, and the serious newspapers are distorted in their move”. Although that was the one-sided opinion of the press in the era of the capitalist press, its relevance today is undeniable in this information age of media pluralism。
In recent years, the western media have continued to publish biased and even inaccurate reports, such as the us cnn's distorted coverage of the events in china, which has rekindled the subject of bias and prompted reflection on what the western media’s one-sided coverage of china is all about。
At the same time, the above-mentioned events serve as a warning to the media to look at themselves and look back at the news media in the country, which are real and live, and will they be able to report the facts with complete objectivity, truth and accuracy? And it is not always as good as it should be。
News is the product of prejudice
Prejudice media coverage refers to non-objective, unjust, unbalanced and even misleading reporting. Prejudice, which could be said to be contrary to the principles of objectivity and authenticity, was a disguised violation and injury to the news. But how much damage will it do to the objectivity and truth of the news? This requires a specific examination of the bias of the press, whether it is confined to positions, tendencies, opinions, or has interfered with the news fact itself; whether it is misleading, without dividing, destroying or distorting the facts, or whether it has created distortions or even outright misrepresentation of the facts on the basis of an excessive bias。
With regard to biased news or journalistic prejudice, there were other statements from the industry that the news was one-sided and one-sided. Are there any specific differences between the two, apart from the emphasis on the one-sided commonality of news? What kind of relationship are they
I. The initiative of the news and the traditional information
One-sided, first relative to total. Western scholars first proposed the principle of objectivity in the press at the end of the nineteenth century, emphasizing the three dimensions: first, objective statements, reflecting the facts; secondly, balanced reporting, reflecting equally the views of opposing parties; thirdly, maintaining the neutrality of political positions; and fourthly, the separation of factual and critical information, i. E., between news and commentary. The bias of the press vis-à-vis the objectivity of the press refers primarily to the positions and views held in the reporting process, which determine the unilateral nature of the behaviour and content of the report。
Press orientation and objectivity always go hand in hand, while at the same time trying to avoid reporting positions and views on the one hand while ignoring the other, the lack of balance in choosing to report facts and the excessive mix of subjective opinions in reality, and the lack of one-sided media coverage at the level of positions, tendencies, opinions and even the principles of press authenticity。
The news reports are, then, merely one-sided at the level of positions, tendencies and opinions. They are not fragmented, distorted and undermine the facts of the news, which can be described as “one-sided news”. As a primary phrase, the latter's “one-sided” is used to describe the former's “news”, meaning that, in the concept of one-sided news, the fundamental attribute of the news facts that make up the news is the premise that the news itself is real, real and one-sided, which is a feature of the news on the basis of the truth, that is to say that the news reports are mixed with subjective and tendentious opinions, that is, the confusion between factual and opinion information, which leads to the possibility that the news is misread and misinterpreted in its acceptance。
However, the one-sided nature of news facts does not stop at the level of positions, tendencies and opinions; it affects and even determines the description, reflection and choice of news facts. Whether or not news facts can be faithfully and objectively reflected, free of bias, prejudiced and balanced choices and explained, often determines whether the principle of the authenticity of the news can be realized and whether it can lead to misrepresentation or even false reporting。
Ii. One-sided news and news failures
One-sided, as opposed to reality. One-sided news, in its grammatical structure, is one-sided, one-sided, one-sided adjective, one-sided and one-sided. The fundamental character of one-sided news is one-sided, rather than purely one-sided, positions, tendencies and opinions. That is to say, the fact of the news, as a fundamental attribute of the news, is called into question in terms of objectivity and authenticity, and the fact of the news, which is based on one-sided information, is not objective, comprehensive or even false, contrary to the principle of its authenticity。
In its manifestations, news is both real and true, and concrete and holistic. If news reports are confined to the real and concrete dimensions of the phenomenon, and do not reflect the true and holistic nature of the facts, it is also an indirect reflection of the one-sided nature of the news reports in choosing, describing and reflecting the reality of the news, which in turn leads to its misrepresentation。
The first is the concrete “real” and the whole unreal. That is, something is true, but it is not necessarily true to bring points together. The images taken in the lens are facts in themselves, reflecting local, concrete facts that are real, but only the truth of the point, not the reality of the face, but the truth of the part, not the truth of the whole. In the case of cnn, for example, during the 2003 war in iraq, reports from the united states and the british coalition were out there, while images of the war-torn iraqi people rarely appeared. The western media had singled out news facts, deliberately magnifying the facts in their favour and weakening the irrational side of the war. Although the facts were not fabricated, the absence of a complete picture of the facts and unbalanced coverage of the news facts left the message transmitted by the media to the audience far from the truth。
The second is that the phenomenon is “real” and essentially not. There are stages in the development of things, and the phenomena that emerge at the outset do not represent the future direction of things, nor do they represent the truth of the facts; moreover, the facts themselves are hierarchical in nature, although they reflect the essence of the phenomenon, but they are highly variable, diverse and complex, and to what extent they reflect the truth. Thus, the mere reality at the level of the phenomenon, which is also superficial, temporary and perceptible, may be the truth of the facts, but it may also be a distorted truth or an illusion at all, leading to the misinformation of press reports. What's "one-sided" with the news? == sync, corrected by elderman == @elder man
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The one-sided nature of the news was not always a conscious subjective act, and objective external factors could indirectly interfere with the objectivity and truth of the news facts. Thus, one-sided causes can also be divided into the following two categories:
I. Unintentional partiality
Unintentional partiality refers to the distortion of news facts by the media and their practitioners, indirectly caused by inherent limitations of their consciousness, prejudice and abilities, or by limited external objective factors, which need to be improved by industry self-regulation。
1. Time and space constraints. The stage and geographical nature of the development of things dictates the different manifestations of news facts in different stages and political and economic cultural spaces. Press coverage is often instantaneous and cannot wait until the facts have matured, and, combined with the limitations of the geographical environment, it is difficult to adequately reflect the true picture of factual development in the short term and in local areas。
2. Restrictions on access to information technology. There are some deficiencies in the hardware of news coverage, both traditional and new media, due to inadequate technology, presentation and reflection of facts, and, on the other hand, the limited ability of media outlets and practitioners to plan and cover interviews, as well as the lack of investigative capacity to investigate news facts, which may lead to one-sided reporting。
3. There is a limited capacity to communicate. News practitioners, because of experience, the limitations of their horizons and the constraints of their professional roles, are unable to identify accurately and objectively the stages and trends of the developments, thus making subjective and even modest assumptions about the facts of the news, which in turn distorts them。
Ii. Intentional partiality
Deliberate partiality refers to the conscious and active distortion of the facts by the internal or external interests of the press and its practitioners, which is controlled by industry self-regulation, legal constraints and public opinion oversight。
Outcomes driven by competitive media markets and market interests。
In the mass media age, media development was unavoidably limited to distribution and listening to the media. Mass media, where advertising revenues are the main source of profit, inevitably have to cater to markets and audiences as key development objectives. Therefore, in order to cope with competition and seize a limited market share, the media have to put the attraction of the eye and the creation of the largest audience at the forefront of survival and development. Thus, profit-driven demands also provide an opportunity for the media market to breed bad competition, which leads to a variety of bad practices against the ethics of the press, such as over-processing and rendering news, deliberately highlighting and even creating the head, neglecting the value of the news, predominance of negative reporting and even conspiring to create false news facts. It is not only a violation of the very principles of truth, objectivity, impartiality and the value of journalism, but it is also a misdirection of the audience and even affects normal good competition in the media market and the image and credibility of the media itself。
As a result of media positions and value tendencies。
First of all, from western media news coverage of events in china, its positions and tendencies continue to be characterized by a strong cold war mentality, setting the media agenda from a different cultural background and ideology, choosing news facts, and determining the direction of reporting。
In reporting on the events of lhasa, cnn intercepted the part of the criminal attack on the military police, leaving only images of the police car driving into lhasa. This corresponds to the “causes” of the news facts, leaving behind only the “effects”. While this fact is real in itself, it presents only partial and specific facts, and these segments are simply not sufficient to illustrate the problem in relation to the whole of the facts, are clearly misleading and deceptive and are a holistic, global error。
Secondly, it is clear from our media coverage of the incidents of vulnerable groups and their social problems that the political stance of the media is based on the general interest and that the news itself is free of political bias and bias. However, as a result of the segmentation and increasing complexity of societies in transition, values have developed in a pluralist manner, resulting in a positive and negative comparison of the political, economic and information cultural resources of the public at different levels with their social status, which in turn affects the power and power of the public at different levels to speak in the media and in public opinion。
Despite the media's attention to various segments of the public beyond the elite and its coverage of vulnerable groups and related social issues, the elite public continues to be the leading opinion leader in the mainstream, and the voice of the disadvantaged in the media and public opinion is weak. Media coverage, although targeted at vulnerable segments of the population and their social problems, was based more on the language of the mainstream elite, with a strong elite profile. In a sense, it also reflects the prevailing perception of values and voice in the media。
How can we contain the spread of “one-sided” news
In april of this year, influenza a h1n1 spread from mexico to the world. Prior to the confirmation of one case in sichuan on 11 may, only one case was recorded in hong kong, and the mainland has been recorded as a zero case, while xinhua reported on 29 april that a number of dead pigs had been discovered in a number of locations, including fouqing and chang lo, in fujian province, claiming that influenza a (h1n1) could have originated in china. This was subsequently verified by the relevant authorities of our country, which found that the common disease of the dead pigs who had been abandoned on the ground for individual violations was unrelated to the flu and refuted similar false reports。
Based on cultural background, ideological and political bias, numerous one-sided news stories continue to appear frequently in western media. This makes us aware of their true intentions, while urging domestic media to report on domestic events in a more timely, objective and comprehensive manner, and to take control of public opinion in order to counter the impact of western media coverage on bias and to enhance the discernment of false western reporting, thereby avoiding unnecessary misunderstandings。
In addition, the media should, in due course, look at themselves and strengthen self-regulation. It is necessary to overcome subjectively the fragmentation, distortion or misunderstanding of facts by external factors and to strengthen self-regulation in order to reflect objectively, impartially, truthfully and in a balanced manner the full picture and truth of the facts, to avoid the appearance of tendentious rhetoric, subjective speculation and artificial machetes in news reports, and to ensure a return to the principles of objective truth。
In order to enhance the exchange of learning, the following papers have been compiled: general manager sun yong liang, china net: china news is one of china's news outlets; hotspot news — mainstream values action with public interest; journalist sensitivity
How the wall street journal produces news products, lifts the command stick for strengthening macro-management of news, calls for norms and methods in journalism, a review of professional ethics for journalists abroad, and finding a balance between journalism and justice can be searched on the platform。
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