Automobile air conditioning consists mainly of major components such as compressors, condensers, evapotors and expansion valves. The working method is based on a steam compressed refrigeration cycle, with a continuous change in the state of the refrigerant in the system, resulting in a shift of heat for refrigeration purposes. The following is a detailed process。
• start with the compression process. The compressor is the heart of the car air-conditioning system, driven by a belt-driven engine, which inhales low-temperature, low-pressure, gaseous refrigerants from the evaporation unit and then compresses the refrigerant through the movement of institutions such as pistons or rotors and transforms it into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant。
At the molecular level, compressors work on refrigerant gases, reducing the spacing of gas molecules and increasing molecular movements, leading to higher refrigerant temperatures and pressures。
• more condensation. Condensers: a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant comes out of the compressor and enters the condenser. The condenser is usually installed at the front end of the vehicle, similar to a water tank, and distributes the refrigerant heat into the outside air, using the front wind or compulsory ventilation of an electronic fan while the vehicle is travelling. In the process, refrigerants are gradually cooled, moving from gas to high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerants。
Thermal exchange of gaseous refrigerants with low-temperature air in condensers reduces the internal capacity of refrigerant molecules and the gradual accumulation of molecular movements into liquid state。
• turning to throttle. Erosion valve: a liquid refrigerant with high temperature and high pressure comes out of the condenser and passes through the expansion valve. The swelling valve is a throttle-saving device that relieves liquid refrigerants by cutting their pressure and temperature sharply into low-temperature low-pressure aerosols。
When liquid refrigerants pass through narrow corridors of expansion valves, the flow of refrigerants accelerates and the pressure decreases rapidly due to the sudden decrease in the cut-off area. According to the thermodynamic principle, lower pressure would lead to lower boiling points for refrigerants, and some refrigerants would quickly steam to absorb their own heat, thus reducing refrigerant temperatures。
• finally, the evaporation process. Evaporater: a low-temperature low-pressure aerosol liquid refrigerant enters the evaporation unit. The evaporation unit is installed in the driving room of the vehicle and, when the heat air in the vehicle passes through the evaporation unit, the refrigerant absorbs the heat in the air and evaporates from the liquid to the gas, so that the temperature of the air in the vehicle is reduced and the cooled air is sent into the vehicle through the wind-blower to achieve its cooling effect。
Refrigerants that become gaseous are then inhaled by compressors and start the next cycle. The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat in the air in the evaporation unit and the molecule acquires sufficient energy to convert from liquid to gas. In the process, refrigerants absorb large amounts of heat from the surrounding environment, thus reducing the temperature of the surrounding air。
In summary, car air conditioning, by working together with compressors, condensers, swelling valves and evaporating units, keeps refrigerants flowing through the system, enabling the movement of heat from within to outside the vehicle, thus providing a comfortable refrigeration environment inside the vehicle。
