Science and technology terms (and definitions) include a rich scientific and cultural content. In its history of creating the world and promoting the advancement of science and technology, humankind has also created and developed numerous scientific and technological terms that serve as vehicles and tools for the dissemination of knowledge and the exchange of science and technology, thus contributing to the development of science and technology and culture。
1985 national science and technology terminologyValidationThe commission (known as the national committee for terminology in science and technology) was born in the spring of science. For more than 20 years of short and fast development, our science and technology terminologyNormativeThe rapid advances in science and technology and the economy have been accompanied by considerable progress and fruitful results. At the beginning of the new spring of 2008, the national committee on terminology in science and technology convened the standing committee in kyoto to propose a new direction for the work on terminology in science and technology. - regulating use, promotingInnovationI don't know。
Technical terminological inconsistenciesChaos
In the age of the internet, people experienced problems writing professional articles, and the first reaction was always to search the internet and find almost anything. However, while facilitating, the technical characteristics of the search engine determine that the information it provides is entirely dependent on other websites and “innate” does not guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the information. Thus, when searching for “aspirin”, it is also possible to find “aspirin”, which is the opposite of what ordinary people are afraid to see through。
This is not only true of the confusion caused by inconsistent and unregulated scientific and technical terms, but also of the potential for significant economic losses. On one occasion, our country ordered a vessel from the mitsubishi group in japan, which, because of its cold-proof and cold-proof features, had only been written in the contract, resulting in a cold-proof life-saving suit and considerable economic damage from re-equipping. It was only later that the national council for technical terminology (cnt) finalized the publication of oil terms that the term “cool life-saving clothing” became known。
“there is no knowledge without terminology.” science and technology terminology is also the basis for public access to scientific knowledge. Although there is a reference to technical terminology, it is often perceived as a “place” for professionals, as if it were highly unpredictable and reluctant to study further. But as a result, a number of bad merchants took advantage of it. In recent years, a number of commodities under the guise of new scientific terms have been marketed, allowing many ordinary consumers to buy them blindly and be deceived。
At the meeting of the standing committee of the national commission for the validation of terms in science and technology, held on 15 february, the vice-chairman of the standing committee of the national people's congress, the president of the chinese academy of sciences and the director of the national commission on terminology in science and technology, lu xianxiang, stated that the twenty-first century was one of globalization and intellectualization, and that intellectual innovation was the greatest driving force behind economic and social development. Scientific and technical terminology work is more important than history today and in the future. Harmonizing, standardizing and comparing scientific and technical terminology is a very meaningful foundational exercise that can promote scientific and technological development, mutual understanding and communication. The party's 17th report sets out the goal of increasing the capacity for autonomous innovation and building an innovative state, whose future development requires science, technology and innovation more than at any time in history. At this new stage in history, it is important to be fully aware of the importance and value of scientific and technological terminological work and to strive to do well。
It's very difficult and challenging to validate a technical term
“the volume of validation of scientific terms, especially in the definitional part, unlike the translation of words, is such that more scientific research is needed to extract the correct definition from the scientific context.” professor at the faculty of pharmacy of beijing university and bachelor of science of the chinese academy of sciences, who is participating in the chemical terminology, zhang wei and zhang yan。
Most of the technical terms belong to the term “condensation”, and translation comparisons constitute the most fundamental work. In today's globalized world, new technologies, new knowledge and new theories are rapidly pouring in, and a large number of new scientific and technological terms urgently need to be translated. Therefore, the naming of chinese technical terms is in fact a translation style and a technical issue. Good translation, such as windows into windows, gene into gene, widely accepted and disseminated. Poor translation often leads to confusion in the chinese translation. More recently, “prion” — the most popular cause of “crazy cow disease” in the academic world — has nearly 20 mediums, such as “prion virus”, “protein”, “protein” and “plycerin”。
It is well known that scientific and technical terminology is difficult to validate, especially in cross-cutting and emerging marginal disciplines. Since the 1980s, the chinese academy of sciences, chen jiantai, has been involved in terminology validation. “geophysics are a cross-cutting subject in geology and physics, and a large number of terms require the participation of experts from different disciplines in the validation process, and only solid work and extensive in-depth research will make validated terminology available for practical testing.”
The definition of scientific and technical terms is more difficult and requires the development of a spirit of scientific democracy, which can only be determined through rigorous scientific research. “what is the definition of hypothermia? It is difficult to define. It varies in range from superconductor to other states。
In the work of the national commission on terminology in science and technology, there is a harmonization of scientific and technical terms across the straits. However, more than 50 years of separation of flesh and blood have affected the use and exchange of terms and, in trade, culture and academic exchanges between the two sides of the straits, the “obstructions” that affect understanding because of differences in terminology are becoming more frequent. According to media reports, there were communication barriers to terminologies when aircraft were chartered on both sides of the strait of spring festival in 2005 and when pilots engaged in dialogue with the ground command tower. As a result, in order to ensure safety, air charter pilots on both sides had to speak only english in their dialogue with each other's ground command tower。
According to liu qing, the deputy director-general of the national commission for terminology in science and technology, since 1993, the joint agreement following the first talks referred to “exploring the harmonization of scientific and technical terms on both sides of the strait”. So far, more than 20 disciplines have worked to harmonize scientific and technical terminology along the two sides of the strait, along the lines of urgency, difficulty and promotion of “three”。
Scientific and technical terminology validation is a systematic engineering exercise, which is generally done in accordance with the science and technology system's disciplines, following the principles of “basics before application, monosynthetics after integration, pioneers after deputys”. In addition to the completion of the updated, revised and annotated definitions of validated terms, a large number of new terms are emerging as science and technology evolves, requiring that science and technology terminology be collected and updated in time for validation and publication. The new demands for building a country's economy and a harmonious society also require timely follow-up to the scientific and technical terminology work, whose workload and difficulty are self-evident. For example, in anticipation of the 2008 beijing olympic games, the national council for terminology in science and technology has set up a special term for the othropological project。
In their interviews, journalists learned that the national commission for terminology in science and technology was also active in 2007 in developing sub-commissions in the fields of natural sciences, engineering sciences and philosophy and social sciences for validation。
Innovative extension, breaking the strangulation
Myocardial infarction, or myocardial infarction? Is it a heart rate or a heart rate? In the general view, these nuanced textual differences seem to be irrelevant and need not be more genuine. However, this misuse and misuse of scientific and technological terminology is a cause for alarm if it is not corrected for a long period of time, which makes it impossible to tell。
“the purpose of scientific terminology validation and uniform publication is to apply, to serve society, to facilitate communication, and to avoid misunderstandings, misunderstandings and even errors resulting from inconsistencies.” at the current session of the standing committee on terminology in science and technology, lu xiancheng's statement was unanimously shared。
The director of the department of basic research of the ministry of science and technology, zhang cheunn, paid high attention to the achievements of the national commission on terminology in science and technology in the construction of its database and website in 2007 as an indispensable position for promoting the application of the terminology in the age of the web, and he suggested that the visibility and visibility of web searches, searches and searches should be enhanced to allow searchers access to the specific content of the terms。
For its part, zhang xiaolin, vice-president of the national science library of the chinese academy of sciences, suggested that the promotion of scientific and technical terminology should make full use of existing web-based tools, open systems and research and development processes, such as google, 100 degrees, academic journals of the same party, and all-china academic journals, in order to cooperate and achieve win-win results. In addition, with regard to system development, there is a need to move from the current editorial system to a promotional and promotional system that facilitates web search and reader retrieval。
The deputy director of press and publications, sun suyama, stated that the normative use of science and technology terminology was urgent in many areas, such as books, scientific journals, news newspapers and electronic publications. He stressed that it was important to start by regulating the publication of dictionaries and dictionaries, adopting legal and institutional constraints, strict quality testing standards, and the use of scientific and technical terminology at an irregular rate to achieve one indicator, i. E. Unsatisfactory quality. In addition, strict criteria for the use of scientific and technical terminology are required for the selection of publications。
Zhang xianjo suggested that the use of scientific and technical terminology should be regulated in the compilation and teaching of textbooks. At the same time, publications such as academic journals are expected to lead by example and use standardized terminology strictly。
The minister of the chinese academy of science and technology, shen aimin, stated that the training of academic and research staff in science and technology should be intensified, in particular for editors of scientific and technical publications. If science and technology academic journals are closed, they will help the entire scientific community to consciously regulate the use of scientific terminology. At the same time, he suggested that the national commission on terminology in science and technology could make it available to the public after every new publication of the science and technology terminology, or consider conducting an annual selection exercise such as the new science and technology term of the greatest interest, in order to attract broad social interest and participation。
Zhang jianli, a member of the college of secondary education, believes that the comparison and harmonization of the use of scientific and technical terminology in the chinese language, both nationally and internationally, should be further strengthened as a true norm for academic communication and public use in chinese。
Staff member li chisheng of the institute of secondary education believes that the legal path should be followed in the area of outreach. In the selection of excellent papers and publications, there should be a mandatory requirement to regulate the use of technical terms. At the same time, he suggested that the military science terminology be validated and harmonized。
The national scientific terminology has been gradually extended from natural to philosophical social sciences. The vice-president of the chinese academy of social sciences, wu zhi, suggested that the validation of the social sciences terminology should be based on a master plan, a framework design for pre-acceptance preparation and the determination of validation criteria。
Finally, it was emphasized that the promotion of scientific and technological terminology should begin with the strengthening of legislation and institutions, combining public opinion and academic administration, and the integration of the forces of society. Emphasis should be placed on regulating the use of scientific and technical terminology in such areas as education, publishing, academia, and, in addition, on combining the promotion of terminology with advanced web searches, creating effective web tools and promoting its application。
Currently, there is a tendency to misuse technical terminology. In this regard, there was agreement that further regulation should be done through greater legislative and institutional development。
Journalists have learned that the national commission for terminology in science and technology is working with the ministry of science and technology, among others, to develop and publish a science and technology terminology management scheme, which will contribute significantly to the harmonization and normative use of scientific and technological terms. (by lee xiaoming)
