In 2026, the economist macroeconomics + microeconomics analysis section of macroeconomics i, short answers (10 points each, to 30 points) 1. Briefly describes the possible macroeconomic impact of the government's adoption of active fiscal policies and its potential risks in the context of china's economic recovery in 2026. 2. Analyse the impact of the restructuring of global supply chains on china's export-oriented economy and make corresponding macro-policy recommendations. Explain the applicability of the phillips curve to the chinese economy and describe its policy implications in the context of current inflationary pressures. 1. China's GDP growth rate is assumed to be 5 per cent in 2026, its monetary supply growth rate is 12 per cent and its price increase is 3 per cent. Please calculate the current year's rate of currency circulation and analyse its impact on economic stability. 2. Government debt as a percentage of GDP was 60 per cent in 2026, government expenditure as a share of GDP was 30 per cent and tax as a share of GDP was 25 per cent. Please calculate the country's deficit rate and assess its fiscal sustainability. Assuming that the consumption function of an economy in 2026 is c=100+0. 8y, the investment function is i=200-10r, the currency demand function is l=0. 5y-20r, and the currency supply is m=10000. Calculates the level of income, interest rate and lm curve. Thirdly, the topic of discussion (20) addresses how to promote high-quality growth through structural reforms and macroeconomic policy coordination in the context of the current internal and external challenges facing the chinese economy. Microeconomics part i, brief answers (10 points per question, 30 points) 1. Analyse the price war in china's new energy automobile industry and explain its impact on the long-term survival of enterprises. Briefly describe the performance of “externality” in china's environmental industry and propose market-based solutions. Explain the meaning of “consumer surplus” in electric power platforms and describe its changing trends in the context of the “two-xii” shopping festival. 1. A local government has adopted a minimum acquisition price policy for agricultural products to support indigenous agriculture. Please analyse the impact of the policy on farmers ' income, market supply and consumer welfare and identify possible shortcomings. 2. Analysis of the competition patterns of the united states mission's outgroceries and chinese catering industry: please explore the interaction of platform monopolies with small and medium-sized traders from the point of view of game theory and suggest the rationale for antimonopoly policies. 3. A technology company that improves advertising accuracy through large data analysis raises privacy concerns among users. Please analyse the impact of the act on market efficiency and equity and explore regulatory boundaries. The calculation question (20 points) assumes that the demand function facing a monopoly manufacturer is p=100-2q and the cost function is c=10q+20. Please calculate their profits to maximize production, prices and monopoly profits and compare the results if the market is fully competitive. The answer and the analysis of the macroeconomics section i, short answer 1. Active fiscal policies stimulate aggregate demand through increased government spending or tax cuts, which in the short term can ease downward pressure on the economy and promote employment. However, long-term fiscal deficits may increase, resulting in debt risks and, where policies are poorly designed (e. G., inefficient investments), resource mismatches may occur. China now needs to balance growth and risk prevention, focus on financial inputs in key areas such as new infrastructure, science, technology and innovation, and accompany structural reforms such as state enterprise reform and optimization of the business environment. Analysis: macro-policy impacts need to be tailored to china's national context, emphasizing policy precision. Answer: reconstructing the global supply chain (e. G. “friendly outsourcing” in the united states) has led to higher export costs and shifting orders in china. China needs to accelerate industrial upgrading (e. G. By promoting manufacturing intelligence), while expanding the “one-way” market and reducing reliance on the single market. Policy recommendations included strengthening intellectual property rights protection, improving the cross-border electrical logistics system and optimizing the free-trade zone. Analysis: policy recommendations need to be operational in keeping with current economic hotspots. 3. Answer: the chinese phillips curve has a short-term negative correlation between inflation and unemployment, but has been weakened by long-term supply-side shocks such as energy prices. Current inflation, if sustained, needs to be wary of the risks of stagnating and to avoid overheating demand through tight monetary policies (e. G. Interest-rate hikes) that complement fiscal policies (e. G. Tax cuts). Analysis: in combination with china's inflation characteristics, emphasis is placed on policy coordination. Question 1. Answer: currency flow speed v = py/m = (1+3%) x 5%/12% = 0. 4167. High-speed flows can exacerbate inflation and need to be accompanied by credit management. Parsing: introduction of inflation factors and examination of monetary quantitative applications. 2. Answer: deficit rate = (60-25 per cent)/30 per cent = 100 per cent. High deficits need to be wary of the risk of default on debt, with recommendations to optimize expenditure structures and broaden tax sources (such as digital taxes). Analysis: assessing financial sustainability, combined with international alerts. 3. Answer: is curve: y = 400-5r; lm curve: y = 2000-40r balance y = 800, r = 10. Parsing: to examine the is-lm model, clear parameters extrapolation is required. Iii. Answers to the question: china's economy needs to generate high-quality growth through reforms that stimulate endogenous kinetic energy: 1. Structural reforms: phasing out backward capacity (e. G. Coal) and developing a green economy; deepening factor market allocation (e. G. Land, capital); and strengthening research and development in science and technology (e. G. Chips, ai). Macroeconomic policy: monetary policy combines growth stabilization with risk prevention (e. G. Lpr reform); fiscal policy focuses on livelihood and infrastructure (e. G. Rural revitalization, new infrastructure). Analysis: balancing stable short-term growth with long-term transformation needs to be underpinned by concrete measures. Microeconomics part i. Answer 1. Price warfare stems from homogenized competition (e. G. Convergence of electric motor vehicles) and short-term capture of market shares, but long-term compression of profits and elimination of the weak. There is a need to shift to brand differentiation (e. G. Smartness, service ecology). Analysis: analyse the evolution of competition strategies, taking into account industry characteristics. 2. Answer: the environmental industry has negative externalities (e. G., the transfer of pollution) and market-based solutions include the trading of sewage rights (e. G., carbon markets), environmental taxes (e. G., resource tax expansion), and green credit (e. G., subsidies for clean energy enterprises). Analysis: external theory in china's environmental field. Answer: the remaining consumer is represented in the electrician as a “slubber” behaviour, but the platform compresses the remaining space by targeting demand through large data (e. G. Individualized recommendations). There is a need to focus on data monopolies and to strengthen anti-improper competition legislation. Analysis: to explore market efficiency and regulation in the context of electrician practice. Question 1. Answer: minimum acquisition prices guarantee farmers ' incomes in the short term, but may distort markets (e. G., stock backlogs), and risk mechanisms need to be improved in conjunction with agricultural insurance, futures markets (e. G., maize options). Analysis: analysis of pros and cons in the context of agricultural policy instruments. 2. Answer: the united states took advantage of economies of scale (e. G., the war on subsidies) to squeeze rivals and create oligopolistic monopolies. Antimonopoly needs to balance platform efficiency (e. G., ease of delivery) with equity (e. G., freedom from secret release restrictions), with reference to the eu digital market act. Analysis: analysis of market structure in the context of game theory. 3. Answer: the precision of big data advertising increases market efficiency (e. G., lower cost to the owner of the advertisement), but the disclosure of user privacy (e. G., sale of personal information) is unfair. Legislation is required (e. G. The data security act) and the platform needs to be transparent in the use of data. Analysis: focusing on digital economic ethics and exploring regulatory boundaries。iii. Calculation
