In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in the production of watermelons, with good economic benefits for the farmers, and an annual increase in the area under cultivation。
1. The selection process is based on the choice of high-lying, deep-soiled and well-drinked sandy soil, given the long rainy season in which the life of the open watermelons occurs. In addition, precipice crops have a significant impact on the production, quality and disease resistance of watermelons, and suitable precipice crops can improve the yield and quality of watermelons, increase the resilience of plantations and provide a good basis for productive and stable production. The watermelon is strictly forbidden to do so, usually with a rotation of 5 to 6 years, otherwise the watermelon has a severe atrophy。
The exact planting time needs to be tailored to the local context, and the best planting is done one week before the final frost. In the shandong region, for example, it was generally chosen in mid-april to sow in the middle of the day, 15-20 days before the normal planting and, in the case of covering the membranes, with appropriate advance. Cultivation density varies from 700 to 900 acres to 1. 5 metres and 0. 5 metres。
Before seeding a watermelon, a seedling is carried out, i. E., 15-20 minutes of immersion with warm water at 55°c, followed by 10-12 hours of continuous immersion at room temperature, and then leaching it with mucus, which is treated at 30°c ~ 35°c under constant temperature conditions, which can be used for seeding for about 30 hours after seeding. Watermelon seeding should preferably take place in the middle of a clear day, usually seven days after broadcasting。
3 - fertilizer management - lumpy watermelon fertilisation must be "foot, refined, crafty" - that is, bottom fertilizer sufficiency, seeding fertilizers, catching fertilizers. Bottom fertilizer, which is the basis for the production of watermelons, has a huge impact on production and quality and must be sufficient. Fertilization is one of the key components of field management and one of the major initiatives in watermelon production. The pursuit of urea is usually three times, the first in the guacamole, which is the fifth leaf, the first in an acre, 10-15 kg of urea, the second seven days after the flower, the second in an acre, 15-20 kg of urea, 10-15 kg of potassium, and the third in an hour at the mouth of a juvenile bowl, 10 kg of urea and 10 kg of potassium。
4. Water management is a drought-resistant crop, drought-resistant and flood-resistant water should be filled in appropriate quantities at the appropriate time. The water sowed in the open water is based on the infiltration of the gutter. When the water enters the guacamole, the water is to be watered in conjunction with the first fat chase, and the water is to be moderate to the best for the osmosis. When the fruits enter a period of expansion, the water needed to plant the plants will surge, and in conjunction with the second, the water will be followed up for the second time. This time, the water will be increased, the soil will be wet enough for the best。
5. Artificially assisted pollination of watermelons is mainly insect-based, with less activity in low-temperature weather and which requires artificially assisted pollination. Artificially assisted pollination of watermelon can increase sit-in rates, yield significant results and bring about consistency in the maturity of watermelon. The best time for artificially assisted pollination is from 6 to 8 a. M. Per day, with due delay in the dark and inappropriate for pollination in the rain. Fertilization can be completed in 2-3 hours after pollination。
