Quoting is a common practice in academic writing, but certain norms must be followed to ensure academic integrity. The following are some of the key points that should be noted in the presentation:
1. Ensuring the relevance and validity of the quotation: when referring to the literature, ensure that the arguments it supports are consistent with your reasoning and sufficiently persuasive. In-depth knowledge of the literature cited to confirm its suitability for your paper。
2. Note the timeliness of documentation: avoiding the use of outdated literature. In fast-growing areas, old literature may no longer be applicable. It is usually suggested to quote the literature of the last five years to show that your research is based on the latest academic advances。
3. Correct use of citation format: follow the correct citation format. Be careful not to use a period after the quotation to avoid being considered as a copy. The superscript or other mark should be placed before the mark at the end of the sentence. Therefore, it would be preferable to use semi-colons to mark the reference before it is closed. Some students placed the quoted superscript after the stop, which was in fact wrong and should be placed before the stop。
4. Direct and indirect references:
Direct and indirect references: the direct references should be retained in the original language and the source should be indicated; indirect references should reproduce the original meaning in their own words and also indicate the source. To avoid misunderstanding and distortion of the original language。
5. Indicate original origin:
When a view or information is transmitted between multiple sources, it should be traced back to the original source. For example, if you see a point in a later article, but this point was originally made in another article, you should refer directly to the original article rather than the subsequent article。
6. Control of the number of references:
The over-citation of other people's works may lead readers to question the originality of your work. Although there is no fixed quantitative limit on references, efforts should be made to balance references with original content. They should be based on their own thinking and analysis, using references to support or reinforce arguments, rather than relying on the words of others. In short, correct quotations not only avoid the moral and legal risks of copying, but also enhance the credibility and authority of your work. Transparency, accuracy and originality are always ensured during the writing process。
7. Following a specific format: different types of literature have different reference formats, strictly following the guidelines provided by periodicals or academic institutions。
8. Conversion of reference form: in order to avoid the weighting system, text can be converted to tables or charts. But this applies only to short paragraphs and should not be abused。
9. Public publications: citation should be limited to publicly published or published research results and should favour information of high academic value。
10. Diversified citation: includes literature in chinese and english to demonstrate a broad academic reading and research base。
