Social responsibility, adherence to writing norms
Typhoon “kanu” “dhusuri” is still in the throes, and the recent landing of typhoon “anemone” has caused secondary disasters such as urban flooding and flash floods in many parts of fujian province. This summer, disasters have touched the hearts of the entire nation。
Disaster relief reporting is an important task for national security and the well-being of people, and it is for journalists to be people-centred in disaster reporting, to provide timely and accurate coverage of disaster response, to communicate positive energy, to direct public opinion and to serve people's lives. Particular attention should be paid to the normative, precise and objective nature of language, avoiding errors and errors。
This period, combined with relevant cases, summarizes common errors in some disaster-resilient news stories, with a brief analysis that is expected to help。
Factual error
Factual errors refer to errors that are not consistent with objective facts, including numbers, dates, geographical names, names, events, etc. Factual errors affect the authenticity and credibility of news reports, and even lead to misleading and negative impacts。
01
In error: the local government allocated 5,000 life-saving rings and 2,000 were sent to people in the affected areas。
The correct version: the local government allocated 5,000 life jackets and 2,000 folded beds and 2,000 blankets to the people in the affected areas to ensure that they have sufficient supplies to survive。
Problem analysis: in practice, life-cycles are used to save people in water only to a limited extent, and 2,000 prisoners are unable to solve the problem of shelter for the victims. This example is due to errors caused by inaccurate sources of information, unverified and lack of expertise among journalists。
02
Wrong case: on 3 august, at around 3 p. M., a landslide incident occurred in a certain district, resulting in two deaths, three injuries and one disappearance. The relief effort is still ongoing. The region is known to be a geological disaster-prone region。
Correct version: at around 3 p. M. On 3 august, a landslide incident occurred in a certain area, resulting in two deaths, three injuries and one disappearance. The relief effort is still ongoing. The region is known to belong to a region prone to geological disasters。
Problem analysis: “geo-disaster-prone areas” is wrongly “geo-disaster-prone areas”. “relationship” means likelihood, and “multiple” means frequency. “geo-disaster-prone areas” represent areas with a higher probability of geological disasters, and “geo-disaster-prone areas” represent areas with a higher frequency of geological disasters。
Get out of here
Watch out for screening
It's not true
These are detailed factual errors that occurred during the operation. It is important to note that there may also be another factual error in disaster response reporting, namely, the perception of false information as true without confirmation。
For journalists, when major disasters occur, it is particularly important that many rumours and false news go hand in hand and that they are not caught up in rumours。
In order to escape the rumour trap, the following recommendations may be tried:
Ensuring the credibility of the source
It is always the preferred option to visit the site as soon as possible, and the clue given by the source can only be seen as a directional guide and not as a direct result。
If there is only reliance on others, ensure that the source is someone you know and that the source is the first-hand information of the other party, not hearsay。
It's a tight, objective style of reporting
As much information as possible about what you see and experience, and about what you see. I don't want to report what i've heard, what i've heard。
Do not add subjective judgements, for example in the case of the crash of the mu5735 east passenger aircraft, the term “family of the victim” may be used only after the official announcement of the death of all passengers and crew at the launch of the national emergency command。
Maintaining reasonable doubt about the information gathered
Care is taken to verify the identity of “witnesses” “persons of personal origin” and to be vigilant if the other party proposes to use information for benefit。
In addition, there may be conflicts between official messages from different levels and sectors. This is when the most authoritative information and data are used, the most representative of the scene, the closest to the official information about the truth, and the record of interviews, recordings, videos, pictures, screenshots, etc. Are kept。
Syntax error
Syntaxal errors refer to errors that violate language norms, including syntax, metrology, punctuation, etc. Syntaxal errors can affect the quality and credibility of news reports and even lead to misinformation and misunderstanding. There are sometimes grammatical errors in disaster prevention news that affect the effectiveness of the transmission and expression of information。
03
The case of error: we have a new wave of heavy rainfall in the city affected by the typhoon. In order to respond fully to heavy rainfall weather, the municipal construction agency has deployed early anti-fouling operations to fully screen and eliminate security hazards。
Correct version: we have a new wave of heavy rainfall in our city affected by the typhoon. In order to respond fully to heavy rainfall weather, the municipal construction agency has deployed early anti-fouling operations to fully screen and eliminate security hazards。
Question analysis: the word “concealed” is inappropriate in this example and can be replaced by the word “included” or “exposed”。
04
In error: according to mew data, at 1100 hours on 1 august, the average rainfall on the surface of the river basin was 129 mm and the total rainfall was over 40 billion cubic metres。
Correct version: according to mew data (or mew data), at 1100 hours on 1 august, the average rainfall on the surface of the river basin was 129 mm and the total rainfall was over 40 billion m3。
Problem analysis: “data from ...” is the disease sentence and can be changed to according to ministry of water or ministry of water data。
05
Mistakes: the municipal government has invested a great deal of money to strengthen its earthquake response。
Correct version: the municipal government has invested substantial funds to strengthen earthquake-resistant construction。
Problem analysis: “strengthen” the lack of a combination of sentence elements should be replaced with “building”。
Word error
Miswording refers to errors in the use of inappropriate or inaccurate terms, including misalignment, synonyms, and the misuse of foreign terms. Miswords can affect the expression and dissemination of news reports and even lead to ambiguity and jokes。
06
In the case of the typhoon “licima”, our city's firefighters made an emergency move, working with the local population, to launch a massive rescue effort。
The correct version of typhoon “licima” hit, and our city's fire rescue workers made an emergency move, working with the local population, to launch a massive rescue effort。
Problem analysis: the fire department is now under the department of emergency management, and firefighters are no longer called “all ranks” and can be changed to “fire rescuers” or “fire safety refers to fighters”。
07
Mistake: heavy storm weather caused extensive power and communications disruptions in hebei yee county as a result of the strong typhoon in doso ri。
The correct version: the stormy weather caused extensive power and communications disruptions in hebei district as a result of the strong typhoon in doso ri。
Problem analysis: “communications” should read “communications”。
08
Wrong case: first line of disaster relief, a civilian police officer suffered from overwork and a heart attack。
Correct version: first line of disaster relief, a civilian police officer suffered from overwork and his heart stopped。
Problem analysis: an irregular expression of “heart stoppage” is often used in the language of speech, generally speaking “heart stoppage” or “heart stoppage”。
09
In case of error: based on the state of affairs, the provincial defence indicated that an all-provincial response was launched at 1200 hours on 3 july。
Correct version: based on the state of affairs, the provincial defence code launched an all-provincial response at 1200 hours on 3 july。
Problem analysis: “iv” should read “iv”. In the book entitled " digital use in publications " , it is stated specifically that the combination roman numerals from 1 to 12, because they already take the form of separate characters and because these characters are an undecomplicated whole, are not suitable for substitution by a combination of letters in english and need to avoid confusion。
It needs to be noted that “x” in “x” or “x” emergency response is to be determined in chinese or roman numerals based on contingency plans developed at different levels and sectors。
For example, “national general protection day 12 decided to upgrade the emergency response to level iii to level ii”, based on the national emergency response plan for drought control, where the roman numeral is regulated. On 14 july, the ministry of agriculture and rural development launched the second emergency response to major natural disasters in agriculture, which is based on the emergency response plan for major natural disasters in agriculture, where the writing of chinese figures is regulated。
10
Mistakes: local governments have been active in organizing earthquake relief, diverting people from dangerous areas and making every effort to reduce disaster losses。
Correct version: local governments are active in organizing earthquake relief, transferring people to dangerous areas and making every effort to mitigate disaster losses。
Problem analysis: “reduce” should be “reduced” or “reduced”, since “reduced” refers to a reduction in quantity, while “reduced” refers to a decrease in degree, which in this case refers to the reduction of disaster levels rather than to the reduction of the number of disasters. “decreasing” means a decline and means the mitigation of damage and injury caused by a disaster through some measure or means。
Eleven
Mistakes: enhanced monitoring of drinking water sanitation in the jurisdiction and on-site monitoring of indicators such as ph, turbidity, residual chlorine, etc. Of water released from the plant。
Correct version: improved monitoring of drinking water sanitation in the jurisdiction and on-site monitoring of indicators such as phs, turbidity, residual chlorine, etc. Of water released from the plant。
Problem analysis: ph should be ph. Similar proprietary terms and words with letters, in particular, require confirmation that they are correct。
Logical error
Logical errors refer to errors contrary to logical patterns, including causality, comparison, time sequence, etc. Logic errors affect the thinking and structure of news reports and even create contradictions and absurdities。
12
Wrong case: as a result of the recent flooding, the government decided to focus on the construction of water facilities to reduce the damage caused by the floods。
Correct version: the government decided to strengthen its response to disasters, including measures such as the construction of water facilities, enhanced early warning monitoring and relief exercises to reduce damage caused by floods。
Problem analysis: the causes of frequent floods may be complex, including climate change, topography, rainfall, etc. A simple focus on the construction of water facilities may ignore the impact of other factors. Correct reporting should provide a comprehensive picture of the government's measures to strengthen disaster response, including the construction of water facilities, enhanced early warning monitoring and relief exercises, in order to comprehensively address floods。
13
Mistakes: forest fires in a certain area, prompt emergency response plans initiated by the local government, rescue forces organized and people's lives and property secured. It was a victory for the people over nature and a demonstration of the superiority of the socialist system。
The correct version: an outbreak of forest fires in a certain area, the timely initiation of emergency response plans by the local government, the organization of rescue forces and the provision of full security for the lives and property of the population. It is a difficult struggle against disasters and a struggle between the parties and the government and the people in a concerted effort to deal with natural disasters。
Problem analysis: the fact that the wrong case sees disaster relief as a mere victory and ignores the damage and suffering caused by the disaster is not in keeping with the facts or with the principle of objectivity of press reports. The correct version reflects the hard work of disaster relief and the spirit of popular aspiration and meets the basic requirements of press coverage。
14
Mistakes: a city has achieved remarkable success in its response to disasters, thanks to the proper leadership of the city council and its efficient implementation, as well as to the active cooperation and support of the general public。
Correct version: a city has achieved remarkable results in its response to disasters. In an interview, the mayor stated that this was the result of the joint efforts of the city council, the municipality and the public at large. He thanked the citizens for their understanding and support and paid tribute to the first-line relief workers。
Problem analysis: wrong cases attribute the effectiveness of disaster prevention to city councils and municipalities, neglecting the contributions and sacrifices of front-line relief workers and affected populations. Not only is this statement not objective, it may also cause social discontent. The correct version is a proper expression of gratitude and respect for all parties and reflects the impartiality and humanity of the press。
Not the end
The end is the end of the news story, which is usually used to summarize the main points of the news, either by providing additional information, or by generating a deep reflection or leaving a suspense behind. The end should correspond to the title and the guide, be linked to the body and form a whole. At the end, attention should be paid to language refinement and strength and to avoiding the use of clichés and empty words。
15
Positive example: disaster relief is a war without smoke and requires the combined efforts and dedication of the entire population. In this war we have seen countless moving images and heroic stories, as well as numerous difficulties and challenges. We are confident that, under the strong leadership of the party centre, with comrade xi at its core, and under the scientific guidance of the party committees and the government at all levels, and with the solidarity of the people of the country, we will be able to overcome the floods, defend our homes and rebuild our lives。
Analysis point: a good conclusion can summarize the subject and main points of the news, express confidence and expectations in disaster prevention, and reflect the positive orientation and value orientation of the news。
16
The case of error: earthquake relief is a difficult task, requiring all of us to work together to make it difficult. Let us refuel in the response to the earthquake, pray for the people affected and pay tribute to the heroes. It is hoped that the disaster will calm down and that the affected areas will soon return to normal。
Problem analysis: this end is too old-fashioned, rhetorical, without highlighting the features and bright spots of the news and without stimulating the reader to think and resonate。
Get out of here
Attention
That's right
Not only the end, but for disaster-resilient reporting, while the perspective of reporting is diverse, it is important to ensure that it is humane and compatible with social responsibility。
Some of the perspectives of disaster-resilient reporting are presented below for information purposes only:
(sources, chinese news, new studies, news all media interviews and writing, media tea club)
