Chapter iPress reviewCharacteristics and roles
I. What is a press review
Press reviews are a political journalism exercise. It is a talk, reasoned, and directly commented on in response to recent, universal news events and pressing issues。
Ii. The relationship between press reviews and news reports (distinction)
Press reports and press reviews are two basic features of public information advocacy. If journalism is the subject and the basis of news campaigns, then news commentary is the flag and soul。
There are clear differences in presentation and writing characteristics between news stories and press reviews. The news is focused on reporting objective facts, while comments are based on objective facts. The press reports mainly disseminate information and provide facts, and the author's preferences, feelings and opinions are included in factual accounts. Its main characteristic is to speak in fact. The press reviews are based on objective facts, based on analytical reasoning and directly expressing the author's point of view. It is characterized by reason and frankness。
2. Public information must be informed by the right opinion. Press coverage is invisible, and press reviews are tangible. As a result, there is a need for both coverage and commentary. They work better by working together and mutually reinforcingly, guided by a unified vision。
Iii. Characteristics of press reviews compared to general discussion papers
The basic task of the press review, which is different from the general opinion paper, is to promote the party's programme lines and policies in a combination of theory and practice, guided by marxist leninism, mao zedong thought and deng xiaoping's theory, so as to unite the people, guide public opinion and promote the development of reform, openness and modernization。
1. News
1 realistic relevance. The doctrine is targeted and addresses current news events and issues that merit comment。
2 strong time limits. Timely responses to reality. In terms of social benefits, it is timely to grasp the timing。
Political
Clear political positions and attitudes. Focus on the political significance of selected topics。
4 focus on a high degree of analysis and discussion of issues from intellectual, political and theoretical perspectives。
3. Massive
1 to a wide audience. It is in the interest of the general public. It reflects the demands and voices of the masses. The argument is in keeping with the characteristics and needs of the population。
Attracting and encouraging the interest and participation of the public at large in the comment process。
Social function and role of news reviews
1. Lead role. The flag clearly distinguishes between right and wrong, advanced and backward. Quite clearly in favour of what, against what, and in the direction of public opinion。
The role of oversight. To promote advanced ideas and spirituality and expose and denounce corruption and malpractice. There is strong pressure on public opinion on all kinds of ills to achieve effective oversight。
3. Role of expression. On behalf of the media, he expressed an attitude towards important events and issues. For major events at home and abroad, the national media can express the attitude of the party and the government through press reviews。
4. Deepening role. Press reviews and news stories were published in conjunction with them and could deepen the topics covered. An analysis of the facts of the news reveals a great deal of thought and politics. To inspire and help people to master scientific analysis。
V. Information commentsPublic opinion monitoringThe relationship with positive publicity
1. Public information campaigns should focus on positive publicity and maintain the right public opinion orientation. However, positive publicity should also include public opinion monitoring, both of which are aimed at achieving positive social results, and which is aimed at promoting genuine goodness and beauty. As a result, while promoting advanced ideas and spirit, the press commentary constantly exposes and denounces all kinds of corruption and malpractice and creates strong pressure on public opinion about them, which is also intended to promote a smooth process of reform and openness。
2. In monitoring public opinion, we are guided by an attitude of accountability to the party and to the people, governed by law, based on policy and on facts, with a view to improving work, resolving problems, strengthening solidarity and maintaining stability. There is a need for both cynicism and policy in order to justify the ugly phenomenon and corruption; both to point out the problems we are moving forward and to analyse the substance and causes of the problems; and to reflect the suffering of the population at large and to inspire it and hope。
Chapter ii. Selection and presentation of press reviews (focus chapter)
I. What's a choice
The choice is to solve the problem of writing. For a press comment, it is the choice of the subject to be evaluated or the question to be addressed, that is, the determination of the subject to be commented upon and the scope of the discussion to be addressed in a comment。
Ii. What is the observation
A press comment is based on the main diagnosis or conclusion of a comment. It is the author's main point of view on the topics raised, and it is the central idea that runs through the whole text and serves as the umbrella for all views and materials in the whole text。
Iii. Where the topic came from
The choice of subject of the press comment is that the subject and scope of its comments should be the choice of the current issue of public information deployment, which is of immediate urgency, with its universal orientation and in harmony with the overall public information effort. To that end, it was important to identify the basis for the selection and to broaden the sources of the topic。
The first is the current objective situation, the movement of public opinion and advocacy tasks, as well as the importance of decisions issued more closely at the central level, the deployment of work and the renewed policy spirit. These are not only important sources of choice, but also help to demonstrate a firm political direction and gain attention。
Second, there are new situations in real life, new changes, new contradictions, new risks, and calls and demands from the general public and the grass roots of society. This is an endless source of news commentary。
Thirdly, it is an important news event and model. This is a hot spot for public opinion. It is a good educational material that combines the practical direction of public opinion and the performance of educational functions. It also helps to make the selection of topics newsworthy and time-sensitive。
Iv. Basic requirements of the doctrine
A successful editorial should be based on the basic requirements of relevance, novelty, accuracy and forward-lookingness。
1. The relevance of the doctrine. It refers to the ability to develop ideas that can be applied in a time-sensitive manner, in response to adverse social climates and tendencies, in response to biased and even erroneous ideas, and in the form of positive guidance or criticisms, in order to promote the transformation of contradictions, help to raise awareness and generate positive social effects。
The focus of the doctrine is reflected and enhanced: one is a time-consuming problem and a cure for the disease; two is a real contradiction that needs to be addressed urgently; and three is good at touching on the ideological issues of sociality and their substance。
2. The novelty of the doctrine. The first topic is novel; the second is unique; the first or the third is the entry of fresh factual material as a starting point; the second is a new perspective; and the other is a bright spot in the confrontation。
3. Accuracy of the doctrine. The novelty of the doctrine is premised on accuracy, which runs counter to accuracy, loses the basis of trust and even leads to the wrong direction, leading to confusion in thought and action. The arguments are correct and public opinion is directed in the right direction for the benefit of the parties and the people; otherwise, they will be a scourge to the parties and the people. The specific requirements for accuracy are expressed in the following: the accuracy of one argument, including the accuracy of the concept, the judgement, the formulation and the degree of proportionality; the accuracy of two arguments and quotations; the complete and precise articulation of the policies and regulations of the party and the government; and the insistence on being realistic, realistic and free from exaggeration and arbitrariness。
4. Forward-looking arguments. Forward-looking means being able to look into contradictions and predictions in a timely manner, looking at the internal patterns of things and their trends as soon as possible, and thus devising ways and means to resolve them in order to guide public opinion and advance things in the direction of the times. The forward-looking nature of the doctrine is demonstrated by its high profile, insight and predictability。
They are not isolated, but inextricably linked. Good reviews are always organically integrated。
V. Specific questions and premises of observations - research and research (when there is no responses to comment)
The selection and formulation of the subject are premised on the practical and practical development of research. This is because:
1. The choice of topics and doctrine requires policy and law, knowledge of the actual situation and full possession of material, all of which are subject to research and study。
2. The correct conclusions can only come at the end of a research study, and only a solid research study can lead to a correct understanding, avoiding and overcoming one-sidedness and producing realistic scientific theories。
The process of investigation and study is the process of identifying problems, analysing them and solving them, which is the only way to prevent and treat arbitrariness and arbitrariness and to improve the quality of press comments。
4. It is always about knowing what the reader is and what the other person is thinking. It is obviously not possible to grasp all this without a thorough and effective investigation and study。
In short, research is a prerequisite for selection and theory, as well as a means of selection and formulation, without which there is no right to comment。
Chapter iii title of the press review
I. Distinction between the titles of news articles and press reviews
There are some significant differences between the content, format, structure and production requirements of the titles of news stories, which are based on the dissemination of factual information, and news reviews, which are based on the dissemination of opinion-based information, owing to differences in their own characteristics and styles. This is reflected in:
The purpose of production is different. The news titles are designed to draw the interest of the audience by alerting it to key news facts and related important messages, and the commentary headings are designed to draw the attention or reflection of the audience by alerting the subject or the author's opinion or intention。
2. Manifestations differ. Press titles tend to use objective narratives or typologies, and author attitudes and preferences are often embedded in factual generalizations and representations, and, even when evaluated, are generally more implicit; commentary titles tend to express the author's position, views, attitudes and preferences directly, and are more emotional。
3. The structure is different. The structure of the news titles is more complex, often complex, and the combination of themes and sub-themes is more flexible and varied; the review headings are more simple, with a single-line structure, with only one line of topics and, in some cases, adjuncts, mostly in the form of sub-themes。
4 writing requirements differ. The titles of the news are generally concise and more specific, focusing on a proper generalization of news facts, more factual issues and more complete sentences; the headings of the commentary are relatively abstract, and focus on the precise extraction of the subject matter, arguments, more myths, more flexible sentences, and more stringent in terms of “precision”。
Ii. Main ( important) functions of the comment title
The function of the title of the comment has four aspects:
1. Scope of the general topic. The broad scope of the subject matter and the subject of the assessment in the title of the comment, which gives the audience a clear understanding of the subject matter to be analysed or the subject matter to be discussed in the commentary, is an important function of the title。
2. Show the central argument. The second important function of the commentary is to highlight the central arguments and key points of view, which are presented directly in the form of headings, with the main objective of disseminating opinion-based information, and to make them more valuable — ideas, views and opinions。
3. Express the author's attitude. The third important function of the commentary is to express directly in the commentary title the author's position, attitude and intentions, and thus to reflect the non-judgmental value judgement of the comment。
4. Attract audience attention. The ultimate goal of the title of the commentary is to attract the attention of the audience and to mobilize their interest in reading (or listening to, watching) the body of the commentary, which is also the fourth function of the title。
Iii. Requests for commenting titles (assessment)
In order to better perform the functions of the press review titles, the following basic requirements should generally be observed in the production process:
1. The text is identical. The topics summarized in the title of the comments, the points made, the facts involved, etc., should be consistent with the content of the comments。
The intention is clear. There should be more explicit in the title of what is analysed or discussed as non-judgment or value judgement。
3. Simplicity. The headings of the comments should be concise, precise and incisive。
4. Vivid. Use of a variety of techniques and rhetorical techniques to make the title of the commentary vivid and attractive。
Vibrant methods:
(1) convert the sentence, the tone of the statement, to assumptions, questions, lamentations
(ii) active use of words, dialects, including direct and variable references (alphagus)
(3) coincidentally a terminological technique, i. E. Metaphors, supplants, symmetry, puns, contrasts, loops。
Iv. Modification of the title of one or two comments using the basic requirements of the heading of comments
