When it comes to weather, it is always hoped that the sun will come out when it rains. While control over nature is not realistic, in fact, influencing and intervening in local weather is not a dream. On 20 june, we held a meeting of the committee for the coordination of work on manual weather impacts in 2019. This year is the 60th anniversary of my artificial influence on the weather, and shanxi night's journalist has taken you to explore and influence the weather。
It's the key rain of spring
This year, the chinese meteorological administration second-level researcher and chief engineer of the provincial office of artificial rainfall and hail protection, li bae-in, was concerned. Before the festival, li pein went back to jinnan's home, where he dug two shovels and saw wet soil. If effective precipitation is no longer available, jinnan's crops will miss the best planting date and rely on replanting. At the same time, the province has reached the highest level of forest fire risk, and the province has entered into a period of special forest fire risk。
In response to the high level of forest fire risk throughout the province, the provincial council and the provincial government have repeatedly directed that the time be taken to do all they can to conduct manual rain surge operations. Ten days before the festival, the shanxi weather station had forecast that from 8 to 9 april, affected by the low vortex cutting line weather system, shanxi province had a wider precipitation cloud system and had better rainfall potential。
In response to this rainfall, the meteorological department of shanxi province requested the relevant departments to wait and prepare for manual rain surge operations。
The manual influence of weather is not just a matter for the meteorological sector, which is required to consult with and obtain support from a variety of sectors, including civil aviation and aviation control, before and after the take-off of the artificial rain-added aircraft. In order to ensure the completion of manual rain surge operations, the airport, the airport at taiwon, the airport at taipei and the airport are on a tight footing, with a view to strengthening the on-call duty and providing full coverage of human impact operations。
On 8 april, at 1952 hours, the data showed that the aircraft was in good performance and suitable for take-off. At the airport, along with the sound of the boom, the propellers of the aircraft accelerated their rotation, gradually leaving the runway and flying into the clouds. The other two aircraft then departed. In the province of shanxi, the office of artificial rainstorming and hailing was able to take advantage of the weather and three aircraft were organized to carry out seven manual rain surge operations throughout the province, including one in support of the fire-fighting operation in susai. The cumulative operation of 18 hours and 59 minutes effectively reduced the level of forest fire risk across the province and improved air quality。
In response to this operation, the shanxi department's office for artificial raining and grading has issued two editions of the shanxi people's shadow process forecast, two editions of the potential forecast and three editions of the conditional early warning, providing timely and effective guidance to municipalities on manual rain surge operations. The municipalities took advantage of the timing of ground operations, with 162 operations in 11 municipalities throughout the province, with 430 artillery rounds, 905 rockets and 367 fireworks burning in high-mountain fireplaces, as of 10 september。
Under the combined effect of natural precipitation and artificial catalytic effects, between 0800 and 0800 hours on 8 and 9 april the province-wide precipitation was between 1. 3 and 55. 3 mm. The main areas of precipitation above 10 mm are located in the central region, in the entire region of jinh city, in the southern part of the country and in the main part of the city. Of these, there is a 24-hour rainfall of 55. 3 mm in the salt lake of the city, and 10 counties (cities, districts) are located between 25 and 50 mm in yang city, gaoping, xinxio county, kaegawa, jin city, xian city, xuyang, li city and zhui water。
This precipitation process has effectively reduced the level of forest fire risk, somewhat eased drought throughout the province, created favourable conditions for spring tillage and played a positive role in improving environmental quality。
You have to have certain weather conditions to influence the weather
Every time a major drought occurs, many people look to the meteorological department for artificial influence on the weather, and think that artificial rainfall can also alleviate the drought, and why does the country not do so
In fact, there are certain weather conditions for manual weather impacts. The weather or clouds in the sky are so thin that there are no conditions for manual rain-added operations. Only if the cloud system develops to a certain thickness, which is generally greater than two kilometres. Furthermore, the cloud must contain a certain amount of cold water (water below 0°c without ice) and the cloud must have an elevated flow of air, so that the catalyst can be carried to the active part of the cloud by means of a surface cannon, rocket or aircraft. However, weather conditions during periods of severe drought are often low。
The principle of artificial rainfall can be described in general terms by the word “trigger mechanism”. That is, artificially activated natural rainfall mechanisms based on a thorough study of natural precipitation processes. Clouds can have rain, but not all have precipitation potential, and only those with precipitation potential and potential for exploitation can catalyse rain。
Currently, there are three broad modalities for catalytic operations. The first was the laying of the agi burner on the ground. Catalysts rely on mountain areas to feed into the clouds by rising air streams that often occur on the slopes of the sun for some time. The second ground operation is dominated by artillery and rockets. The third is aircraft catalytic operations. Aircraft catalytic operations have a wider surface, depending on cloud conditions and needs, with the choice of warm cloud catalysts and their sowing devices, refrigerants and their sowing devices (e. G. Dry ice, liquid nitrogen), and agl combustion stoves。
Over the past 60 years, i have been able to influence weather work manually, from regional experimental operations to province-wide production operations, from seasonal operations focused on drought mitigation to year-round profit avoidance and normalization operations, from one aircraft to three aircraft, from decentralized operations to ground and air synergetic stereoworks, and from a single storm surge to disaster prevention and mitigation, ecological restoration, and security of major activities。
I've built a third-degree photo command center
Starting in late 1958, shanxi followed the country's pace and began experimental human-film operations. Owing to perceived limitations and other limitations, mainly seasonal land-based anti-graving artillery operations, some of the years saw troop aircraft chartered to undertake rain surge operations with very narrow operational scope。
In 1989, the provincial government resumed the manual weather-impact work of shanxi aircraft, in 1991, the shanxi provincial leadership group was established, and in 1992, the shanxi provincial people's government approved the establishment of the shanxi provincial artificial rainfall and hail office as a full-time business unit, entrusted to the shanxi provincial meteorological department for its management, mainly during the spring and autumn seasons, the operation of artificial rain and surface artillery and rocket rain and hail. In the meantime, numerous successful manual rain surge operations have yielded significant social and economic benefits during critical agricultural times. Starting in 1999, a shift towards normalization began, with the gradual expansion of the field of operations in conjunction with the province-wide agricultural response to drought, forest fires and ecological vegetation restoration。
At the beginning of the “fifteenth”, the shanxi provincial government approved a project to build the project “extension and exploitation of cloud water resources in shanxi province”, with a total investment of $9,722 million, which led to an increase in the size of the shanxi aircraft operation from one to three, an increase in the number of flights per year to 150, with a total objective of 3 billion cubic metres, which is a truly artificial impact on the weather province。
Over the years, the shanxi people's ground equipment has also been continuously upgraded, new rocket-launching systems have been incorporated into the human-film operation, and a stereo-film system of artillery, rockets and aircraft has provided a strong support for shanxi disaster prevention and mitigation. Today, shanxi has established a provincial, municipal and district human and video command centre, a video command room and a mobile emergency decision-making chain. The total annual increase in rainfall exceeds 3 billion cubic metres. The ability and effectiveness of manual impact on weather security services has increased throughout the year. At the same time, the integrated ground manography observing system is becoming more complete, with 10 laser rain drip spectrometers, 18 doppler radars in x-band full solid, 2 microwave radiometers, 11 3-dimensional lightning monitoring locator systems and 1 ka-band cloud monitor. The construction of a demonstration base for rain increase, a demonstration base for hail protection, a demonstration base for haze abatement and a demonstration base for eco-environmental conservation are accelerating。
