British art historian gombrich called him “an italian artist with a bold and innovative spirit”; and french art historian andre ben-jofrouwa said, “his art marks the beginning of modern painting.” he is karavacho, drunk and dangerous and full of riddles that have had an important impact on the formation of barlock。
According to the news, the country's largest ever calavacho thematic exhibition, caravaggio: wo“on december 12, the opening of the italian baroque” will be held in shanghai, with the display of six caravajo icons, including the boy of the goat basket, st. John the baptist, and more than 50 other balok artists。
Caravacho, st. John the baptist, 1609-1610, plaque painting, 152 x 125 cm © roman bolgaise museum, 1613
The exhibition was moderated by francesca cappeletti, director of the bolguesse gallery, and francesco d'arelli, head of the cultural department of the italian consulate general。
Italian painter michelangelo merisi da caravacho (29 september 1571-18 july 1610) was active in rome, naples, malta and sicily between 1593 and 1610. As one of the revolutionary artists in the history of western art, he launched a new wave of european art after the renaissance of the arts, whose artistic production is high。
Today, caravaggio's works are being collected by many globally recognized artistic institutions, such as the louvre, the metropolitan museum of art, the winter palace, and the british national gallery. In only 38 years of his life, he had left few living works, and the number of works available for loan was extremely limited. At the beginning of this year, the shanghai museum displayed his " boy bited by a lizard " , reading his original work, the extent to which space was processed and details were presented, and non-prints were comparable。
British national gallery collection, calavacho boys biteped by lizards (shanghai museum, “from potticelli to van gogh: british national gallery collection)
The exhibit was co-sponsored by the art gallery of borguessa, italy, known for its collection of italian renaissance and barlock paintings, the building of which was once the home of the bolguessy family and was completed in 1620. After 1903, it became the national gallery of italy, known for its largest collection of caravacho works and a large number of beni sculptures in the world。
Borgese gallery, italy
Calavacho works at the bolguesse gallery include the boys of the fruit basket, david of the goliath head, the johnsher man, among others, as well as work by barlock painters such as rubens, lavinia fontana. According to darenli, one of the architects of the exhibition, the head of the cultural service of the italian consulate general in quan, “the exhibition will be a tribute to the various forms of barlock art, which demonstrates the eternal dialogue between the past and the present and between the different artistic identities of that time”
Caravaggio portrait, approximately 1621, ottavio leoni, drawing of the portrait of caravaggio' florence, biblioteca marucelliana, pho scala, florence
Born in 1571, karavacho began his apprenticeship in 1584, with a teacher from milani pizzano, allegedly a tiffan student. During his four years of apprenticeship, caravacho lived in the towns of milan and caravacho, and he was familiar with milan's art treasures, such as da vinci's last dinner, as well as the local lombardi art, which promoted “simple, naturalistic detail”。
In mid-1592, karavacho arrived in rome as a gunman for giuseppe chessari, who was then a well-meaning painter of pope clement viii. During this period, the works known to karavacho included a small piece of fruit slasher boys (the first painting known), boys in the fruit snatching basket and bax, as well as a self-portrait drawn during his serious illness rehabilitation, and he was no longer employed in chesari after his illness。
Caravajo, sick bacchus, 67 x 53 cm, approximately 1593-1594, bolguesse art museum, 1607
All three pieces showed the realism of caravacho, and he became famous. A horticultural professor has analysed that fruit from a basket of fruit boys can be used to identify planting varieties. The one side that coexists with realism is the psychological side: the boy, who is obviously tired of holding a basket in a dildo, but at the same time he's having fun and he's following it; his naked shoulder is treated with lust, which is clearly how the painter feels about his model; but the boy, though friendly, has no response to his feelings。
Calavacho, " boy in the fruit basket " , 70 x 67 cm, painted around 1593-1595, at the bolguesse gallery, 1607
In january 1594, karavacho left chesari and was determined to follow his own path. It was also at this time that he had a very important friendship with several people: the painter prospero orsi, the architect onorio lungi and the 16-year-old sicilian artist mario minnity. Olsi, who has established a position in the gallery, introduced karavacho to influential collectors; lungi has taken him to the streets of rome for life; minnity has become his most frequent model and partner. During this period, card gamble is its most important work, with over 50 copies. More importantly, it attracts the visit of cardinal francesco maria del monte。
Caravaggio, card gamblers, about 1595, at the kimber art museum (currently at the chicago museum of arts, united states)
In 1599, approximately thanks to the influence of del monte, caravacho obtained a contract to decorate the kentarelli chapel of st. Louis. This commission consisted of two works, " the martyrs of st. Mardon " , and " the call of st. Mardiment " , which was immediately followed by an outcry when it was completed in 1600。
Calavacho, " the call of st. Mardimont " , 1599-1600, painting canvassing, 322 x 340 cm, rome, st. Louis ' hall, kentarelli (not this exhibit)
The heightened contrasting of calavacho has made the subject very dramatic, while accurate observation has raised the emotional intensity to a new level, which is now referred to as “shadowism”. At the same time, the painters of karavacho took two different views. Some have publicly accused him of various sensory deficiencies, in particular that he did not speak of writing and insisted on writing. But most people welcome him as the savior of art." at that time, rome's painters were attracted to this novelty, especially when young painters gathered around calavacho to praise him as a unique natural imitator and to view his work as a miracle.”
La caravacho, 1602-1603 blanche oil paint, 125x178cm bank collection in the city of plato
During this period, karavacho also produced a series of religious works characterized by violent struggles, strange beheadings, beatings and deaths. As a rule, each new piece raised his reputation, but several others were rejected by the ordered groups and had to be redrawn or found another buyer. The crux of the problem is that when karavacho's dramaticness is appreciated, his realistic style is unacceptable to some。
His first assessment was in 1604, which described his way of life about three years ago, stating that “a two-week job can go around for a month or two, followed by a servant who, from one field to the other, is always prepared to fight, and is therefore very much in love with him”
Caravajo, david with goliath head, 125 x 101 cm, approximately 1610, and the bolguesse gallery, 1613
As described in this document, caravaggio lives in chaos. Even in a time and place when the dispute was common, he was notorious for his numerous struggles, and his security and interrogation records were numbered several pages。
In 1606, he killed a young man in a street fight, ranucho tomasoni, who fled rome to naples to escape the death penalty. Despite the success of naples, karavacho left for malta only a few months later. During the maltese period, his main work included a large volume of john the decapitated st. John, also his only signed work。
And because of the fighting, karavacho was displaced. In 1610, on the way back to rome, karavacho was wounded in a battle in naples and died in porto porto del corr. However, the death of karavacho has always been the subject of divergent statements。
Calavacho, st. Geronimo, 116 x 153 centimetres, about 1605-1606, bolguesse museum 1672
Although karavacho was well known when he was born, the centuries after his death were completely forgotten. Although he influenced almost all the art styles after the decline of styleism, he created the birth of the baroque painters with the unique drawings of the time and brought the indelible and far-reaching effects of future generations of famous artists such as rubens and rembrandt。
The reasons for this may be partly attributable to the two earliest biographers, giovanni barione and jovan belorri, a painter who had a personal grudge against caravacho, and belore, a 17th-century influential critic who was not familiar with caravajo, but was influenced by french classical painter pusan and endorsed the work of caravacho。
Caravaggio, "mafio balberini portrait of the lord chancellor", 1595
Until the 1920s, the painter roberto lungi once again brought karavacho's name to the public eye, and lungi put karavacho in the art tradition of europe: “there is no vimir, george de la touré, and lenbrand without him. Without him, delacroix, kulbe and mana will be completely different.” bernard berenson, who is influential, agrees: “no italian painter except michelangelo has such an impact。
It has been learned that the exhibition will be designed by one of the famous italian designers, one of the founders of the memphis group, aldo cibic, professor emeritus of the university of toji, joseph dejardin, and that they will be complemented by barlock music and architectural elements that will insulate the audience and bring very dramatic visual experiences。
