Tetranet: the maintenance of electricians, through the comprehensive detection of the electrical system, removes malfunctions in the shortest possible time, based on their skills and past work experience, to ensure normal demand for electricity and production. Today, our electricity is widely used and its equipment is more diverse and complex, and it is therefore essential that electricians constantly strengthen their empirical skills and expertise。
I. Common electrical failures
Electricians are essential in any enterprise, and they are able to determine accurately and in a timely manner the failure of the power system, which requires that they are well-versed in the maintenance of the circuits and are able to deal with the problem flexibly according to the circumstances。
In practice, electrical system malfunctions mainly involve normal maintenance and maintenance, the commissioning of circuits and the reasonableness of installed equipment and cables。
Electricians are able to judge whether the electricity system is healthy and normal by observing the stability of the lights at zero。
In normal circumstances, unreasonable debugging and installation can cause illumination of lighting lamps, common short circuits, break-ups and, in serious cases, even the risk of a leak, so that the electrician is able to accurately analyse the underlying causes of electrical system failures and then take effective measures to address them. Insulation, overheating, etc., are also common when transformers are used for long periods of time, so electricians should be careful to observe, constantly detect transformers, and install insulation ceramic tubes and oil protections to avoid failure effectively。
Another is the electrical motor failure, which consists mainly of axle cracks, axle core wears, rotor bends, etc., which should be replaced in a timely manner where the axle is worn more severely; welding should be accurate when the axle core wears, which can be processed from the machine bed if the wear is too severe; if the rotor bends, the rotor should be removed and different repairs should be made to different structures depending on the power system to ensure that the electric motors function properly。
Ii. Specific methods for removing electrical malfunctions
Electricians must be based on expertise and sufficient theoretical principles so that failure can be judged and analysed immediately and accurately。
1. Barrier test methods
The resistance test method is a common measurement method. Usually means a method of measuring whether the electrons, circuits, headlines, etc. Are in compliance with the nominal values and whether they are broken, or the insulation between phase and phase, phase and place, etc., are measured using a mega-meteorometer. When measuring, care is taken about the accuracy of the range used and the proofreading table, and it is common practice to use resistance methods to measure in the first place, with attention to the retrogression of the detected route and the strict prohibition of charge measurement。
2. Pressure test methods
The voltage test is a method of measuring the voltage value on circuits using the voltage slots corresponding to the mass table. Usually, the power, load voltage and open circuit voltage are measured to determine whether the circuit is normal。
(b) the scale should be sensitive to the table slots, select the appropriate range, and generally measure the unknown exchange or open circuit voltage at the highest level normally used to ensure that it is not operated at high voltage low scales to avoid damage to the watch; at the same time, the straight flow is measured with attention to positive-negative polarity。
3. Current test methods
The current test method is a method of measuring whether currents in the circuit are normal in order to determine the cause of failure. For weak circuits, current gauges or mass-use current slots are used to measure them; for strong circuits, clamp gauges are used。
4. Instrument testing
Various parameters, such as the observation of waveforms and changes in parameters with oscilloscopes, are measured using various instrument instruments to analyse the causes of failure, most of which are used in weak electrical circuits。
General inspection methods
It relies on human sensory organs (e. G., some electrical equipment is used with the smell of burning, fire, electrical discharge, etc.) and on simple instruments (e. G., universal tables) to find causes of failure. This method is most commonly used and first used in maintenance。
6. Replacement of original parts
When a device or circuit board is suspected of malfunctioning but cannot be determined and replacements are available, the test may be replaced to see if the failure has disappeared and normality restored。
Direct inspection act
Suspected failure points can be checked directly when the cause of the failure is known or when the location of the failure is judged by experience。
Progressive exclusion
In the event of short-circuit failure, partial circuits may be gradually removed to determine the extent and point of failure。
Adjustment of parameters
In some cases, when a failure occurs, the neutron device in the line is not necessarily bad, and the line contact is good, except because certain physical volumes are inappropriately adjusted or run for long periods of time, which may cause external factors to alter the parameters of the system or not automatically modify the values of the system, thereby rendering the system dysfunctional, which should be adjusted in the specific case of the equipment。
10. Rationale methodology
Based on the structure of the control system, analysis and judgement are carried out by tracking signals associated with the failure, identifying the failure points and identifying the cause of the failure. The use of this method requires maintenance staff to have a clear understanding of the working principles of the entire system and the modular circuits。
Comparison, analysis, judgement
It is based on the system's working principles, the operational procedures of the control chain and the logical relationship between them, combining failure phenomena, comparing, analysing and judging, reducing measurement and inspection links and quickly judging the extent of the failure。
These are common methods that can be used either individually or in combination and should be applied flexibly in case of actual electrical failure。
Iii. Enhancement of the troubleshooting skills of electricians
The most important material basis for an enterprise to develop its own productive capacity is equipment, which should be capable of maximizing its role in the process of life and production, and in the practical course of its operation, it should comply with the precautionary approach and plan a combination of overhaul, maintenance and use。
The types of equipment malfunctions are numerous, specialized and particularly complex, and both units and individuals should constantly enhance their own troubleshooting skills to minimize losses。
Upgrading the skills of technicians should begin primarily with two aspects: first, solid expertise. Information is constantly changing and knowledge is constantly being updated, and maintenance and electrical workers cannot stop, should learn more, communicate more, participate in professional lectures, understand advanced technologies and improve their theoretical knowledge, and in practice improve their capabilities through troubleshooting。
There is also a need for good professional ethics. When equipment problems occur, it is not blindly judged and it is good to communicate in a timely manner. The equipment in question should be maintained and reported in a timely manner and documented。
