“students of the village”, phase ii, says today, “issues requiring attention in the management of grape spring”. The classroom notes are finally ready. Let's have a look
In a recent chat with the village voice of china, there has been a high level of interest in the management of grape diseases and pests and the variety of grapes。
Wang hae-boo
Deputy director, centre for the study of fruit tree applications, institute of fruit trees, chinese academy of agricultural sciences
So we invited mr. Wang haebo, deputy director of the centre for the study of fruit tree applications at the fruit tree research institute of the chinese academy of agricultural sciences, to give lectures to the village friends on the theme “issues requiring attention in the management of grapes in the spring”。
What grape varieties are more resistant to disease
Wang hae-boo
The problem with varieties is that new varieties may not be good, old varieties may not be bad, but must be appropriate and appropriate. Like the “high peaks” of the past, a good variety, as long as plant management measures are kept up, quality is not in question, and sales are not。
The choice of varieties is related to the cultivation model adopted. The range of species chosen for field cultivation is different from that of facilities. For example, facility cultivation requires the selection of low blood capacity and light-resistant varieties; delayed cultivation requires long-lived varieties with late foliage and therefore specific analysis. In the open field, such varieties as peaks, summer blacks, sun roses, red-tied, krishna-free are all very good。
Do grapes also have rotations to say what they used to grow
Wang hae-boo
The problem with grape rotations, the weight of grapes is very serious! It's hard to grow grapes when they're grown. Solving the burden of grapes can only be rotational。
Grapes and other crops are largely free of problems. In order to accelerate soil improvement so that the soil can soon replant grapes, it will be okay to use soybeans, such as soybeans, for two consecutive years. Or grow corn, which is growing at a relatively high rate, crushing the straw and returning to the fields, for two years in a row。
What do you care about red raisins in planting
Wang hae-boo
The growth of red-tied grapes, with the exception of xinjiang in the north-west, is relatively high, with attention to water control. It's sensitive to nitrogen fertilizer, too, and it needs to be controlled. Red-ti grapes are resistant to disease, care to prevent it。
We recommend that rain be more abundant and that rain-proof cultivation be undertaken. It's best not to carry it where it's not wet. Red-tired grapes are suitable for cultivation only in arid, semi-arid areas. Elsewhere, if planted, it is necessary to avoid rain-fed cultivation, otherwise it will be difficult to succeed。
How do rose grapes increase production
Wang hae-boo
The production of rose grapes is not a problem. You ask that question, it may be that the bouquets of your grapes have been divided。
There are a number of reasons that affect the fracturing of flowers: first, high production in the first year; second, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers and watering; and third, winter soiling against the cold, which affects the dichotomy of flowers if the earth is taken too close to its roots and frozen. These problems are causing rose grapes to turn into flowers and affect production. Under normal circumstances, rose grapes are easy to grow
The fragrance of roses is weaker and less resistant, so it must be managed in such a way as to strengthen the tree, and it must be noted that this area, which is buried to protect the cold, must be taken away from the roots, at least by a metre。
Grapes are suitable for raising their own seed. How do you keep grape seeds? How does the growth rate increase
Wang hae-boo
Grapes are grown by non-sexual reproduction, by incubation or by marriage. If they reproduce through seeds, it is breeding rather than breeding, and breeding through seeds is highly variable. We farmers' friends can breed, or you can have your own seeds, see which is good, and then choose them, and then we can promote and produce. However, direct seed production is not possible。
For the production of good-quality grapes, planting in a better-lighted facility in the north, or a large shed, generally requires production of up to three kilos, not exceeding four kilos. In the south, where light is not very good, production is lower, that is, two kilos. In shanghai, rain-shielding and rain-fed weather are more frequent, and if grapes are to be produced well, they cannot produce more than 1,500 pounds。
What happened to the figs when the grapes were colored
Wang hae-boo
The core issue of all fibrosis is the result of poor water management. That is, the result of the sudden watering of the soil after drought. The problem of fibrosis can be mitigated by increased calcium fertilizer. It's a fundamental solution or a rational irrigation。
In addition, management should pay particular attention to the vulnerability of fissures to expansion and non-nuclear treatment with growth regulators. The chromosomal period, depending on the soil. In the case of sandy land, water may be poured over five to seven days to be insured. In the case of land on the border, water can be poured once in 10 days, and there will be no figs! When water is poured, there will be no need for too much. This one, if it's dripping, is three to five acre。
Can you tell me more about sunshine rose
Wang hae-boo
Sunshine roses are a very good breed, with a better taste and quality. However, it has one defect, which is more acute and has a higher incidence of poisoning. In cold sheds, performance is better, as high temperatures can be treated during pre-growing periods, which can reduce the incidence of viral diseases。
But sun roses are a green species, and if they are to be sold out, the markets in general are popular, and if they are to be sold in the north, care should be taken. Green varieties are not well recognized in northern markets. If you want to sell, it's better for the consumer to taste it
Sunshine roses are managed in such a way that they are treated with growth regulators in order to be of good value. If not, the scent is too strong and too sweet. Markets are not very good and are not popular with consumers. If the sweetness drops and the wind fades when treated with growth regulators and when the fruit is enlarged, it's very good, and it's very popular with consumers。
How can the ratio of soil improvement be determined by poor soil quality
Wang hae-boo
The soil of the vineyards is now “soil clinking, soil salinization, soil acidification”, which is more severe in most of our areas of production. This problem is due mainly to the unreasonable application of fertilizers。
So how do we solve this? The fundamental solution is to increase farm fattening. Vegetables such as cattle and sheep dung have the best effects, followed by pig dung, which must not be used because of the high salinity of chicken dung, which accelerates soil salinization。
The second way to improve soil quality is to plant grass in vineyards. In the north, natural grass is used between the lines, while in the south it is not covered by the problem of cold soil and can grow grass artificially. We've been experimenting over the years and we've found that blackweeding is the best. After three consecutive years of growing rye grass, the soil has a point up the ph。
When growing rye grass, you are advised to choose long-lived rye. In previous years, black wheat grass had generally grown to 30 to 40 centimeters and had to be crushed by a lawn shredder to accelerate its decay. Then, at the end of the year, there must be no more shredding, waiting for seeds to be convulsed, so that it can grow in the next few years, and it can reproduce itself every year。
The third solution is rational fertilization. The prevalence of high levels of nitrogen fertilizer in production, especially urea, can easily accelerate soil acidification, thus reducing the use of nitrogen fertilizer. There must be a focus on the use of calcium, magnesium and microfats, which can be achieved without over-fertilization。
