Numpages 1 page name: class: class: class: class: seal: time for examination of foreign journalism history review notes: 120 minutes total: 100 sub-issues, one hundred and thirty-five total score, observe examination discipline, preserve intellectual dignity, eliminate disciplinary behaviour and ensure fair results. (i) born in the 1920s:International broadcastingBorn in the 1920s. It is the product of international political struggles, usually organized by governments, at the service of the internal and external policies of their respective countries, as an important tool for international public opinion and foreign struggles. (ii) developments and confrontations during the second world war the international situation changed markedly around the 1960s. The united states and western countries have changed their past obstinate anti-communist propaganda to a more subtle one. Ii. Recent developments and the end of the “cold war” of major international radio stations include the situation in the field of international broadcasting. L voice of america: established in 1942 with headquarters in washington. It is now the largest and most powerful international radio station in the world. It has been the main public information tool and voice of the united states government. The three main systems of in-house programming, engineering technology and administration. After the second world war, it has been campaigning against the communist party. In the 1970s, the united states government gradually changed the strategy of outreach and the voice of the united states changed to a more subtle approach. Radio voice of russia: the former soviet-era moscow radio station. Founded in 1929. Promotion of the nation-building achievements and foreign policy of the soviet state. Following the break-up of the soviet union, the station was led by the government of the russian federation, which reduced its strength to its current name. It is very different from its predecessor, with a dilution of publicity and a focus on economic, cultural, scientific and technological information. Indeed, it is to reflect the government's position, views and attitudes. British broadcasting corporation (bbc): the external broadcast was launched in 1932 and directly serves the government's foreign policy. Currently, the body involved in the field is radio worldwide. The broadcasts cover three areas: europe, overseas, and global english. The content includes a world-renowned programme in english. The news is time-bound and accurate, it is characterized as objective and impartial, and it is more politically inclined to save. Radio deutsche welle, founded in 1953 in the city of cologne, is a public body with autonomous powers under the law, supported by government grants. Section iv. International transmission of television i. Developments and features in 1980, the cable news network created by the turner broadcasting corporation in atlanta, united states, began to broadcast news via satellite to cable television systems in neighbouring countries. Characteristics of the process of international television development: one private exercise. 2 news programmes and entertainment programmes. Recreational programmes are more diversified. International television transmission: with the exception of a small number of direct terrestrial microwave transmissions, most rely on communications or broadcasting satellites as intermediaries. Major international television stations in all continents north america is the origin of international television: cnn: in 1980 it was the first to broadcast international television. In 1986, it broadcast live the explosion of the united states challenge space shuttle shortly after its launch. In 1991, the gulf war broke out and its remaining journalists broadcast live. Cnn has eight channels and over a thousand practitioners who provide daily news to hundreds of television networks in more than 100 countries. 2 world television network: the first official international television station in the world, founded by the united states news agency in november 1984. International television in europe was a little later than in north america, but it was growing rapidly. Because in the 180s, the system was converted and private commercial television was opened. Cable television in western europe has developed early and fast through other continents and is a good condition for rebroadcasting international television. In the late 380s, western europe accelerated its integration process and achieved free television transmission among countries. Western europe: large international television: british air television. After entering the 1990s, international television in the asia-pacific region rose. Our central television also opened an international channel in 1992. Section v international dissemination of computer networks: information transmission and communication via computer networks. This is a highly open dissemination activity using a high-speed gateway to information from a combination of ground and space, with a fully functional multimedia computer as a medium for transmission and distribution. The realization of the computer network depends on technological development in three areas: computer technology. 2 communication technology. 3 network technology. The way computer networks disseminate information: 1 web browsing. 2 e-mail. 3 e-forum. Characteristics of the computer network: 1 highly integrated. A. Communication symbols: combination of text, speech, sound, chart, etc. B. Modes of communication: interpersonal, group, organizational, mass communication, etc. High level of interaction. It's the communicators and the recipients. 3. High degree of flexibility. The transmission is received at any time and in any place. 4 high penetration. The information is overwhelming. There are two types of news distributors dedicated to the dissemination of news online: a website or web-based publication dedicated to online news. 2 traditional mass media with internet sites. There are contradictions and problems in the international dissemination of computer networks: the development of computer networks worldwide is highly uneven. While promoting the exchange of information and culture between countries, it has even exacerbated friction and conflict in the political realm. Networking is extremely open and greatly facilitates the dissemination of harmful information. Section vi revolves aroundInternational information disseminationProblems and contradictions in the international dissemination of information: imbalances, irrationalities and injustices:Developing countriesThe power of information dissemination is vast and development is highly uneven. The flow of information between developed and developing countries is not rational, and essentially between the former and the latter. The content of international information dissemination is not objective, impartial and healthy. Western news agencies always produce news in line with western views. The objective pursued by developing countries and the progressive press is: to engage in international information dissemination activities in accordance with the principle of peaceful coexistence among nations and non-interference in each other's internal affairs, and to oppose international information monopolies. To promote a balanced distribution of the media worldwide, the developed countries should help in that regard. The exchange of information should be guided by the principles of respect for sovereignty, equality and mutual benefit. The flow of information should be two-way and rationalized. Promoting the positive role of information dissemination. The progressive development of international press codes and professional norms that are common to all countries. In short, the struggle is aimed at opposing international monopoly and control of the press, cultural aggression and infiltration, and at safeguarding national sovereignty and independence and guaranteeing stable and healthy social development. It is a delay in the struggle of the vast majority of developing countries against the aggressive expansion of a few developed countries in the political and economic sphere and is an essential part of the struggle for a just and equitable new world order. The developing countries and the international progressive press had made progress in that struggle: the international community had initially accepted the principles of a new world information and communication order. The developing countries have taken action to strengthen their governance and ensure their sovereignty in the field of information and communications, and to accelerate the development of their own information and communication services. 3 development china has intensified bilateral and multilateral cooperation
