“the average acre production of the potato is 2,500 kg, which is higher than the province-wide average, and the flatland multiplication technique is out!” on 11 may, in the phoenix community of bampu town, cheng town county, chief zhong pei, a pilot site producer, was in shock。
The technique in zhongpai is “mechanized throughout the rotation of rice fields in the potato dam”. In recent years, sichuan breeders have been experimenting with autumn and winter potatoes in chengdu plains. This year, a successful harvest of the first detoxification varieties of potatoes was observed. This means that for the first time sichuan has successfully grown potatoes and potatoes in the flat dam area。
The first batch of destoxed potatoes was distributed in the guacamole of the city of chengdu, maungyang, and reached a significant harvest period at the end of april, with a total production expected to reach 50 tons。
Potatoes are the third largest food crop, sichuan is the province of the country's potato production, growing more than 10 million acres, producing 15 million tons annually and consistently at the top of the country's ranks, creating a pattern of “three seasons of spring, autumn and winter cultivation, zoning”. Sichuan potato seeding has been concentrated in high-altitude areas such as cool mountain, aba, ganz. What is the reason for the fall and winter potato planting in the chengdu plain
90% of the potato species depend on outsourcing
The fall and winter gaps are particularly large
For the time being, the harvest of winter potatoes from the family farm in the salting county of mamyang city and the queen's dam village in the salting county, and the family farmer song shujun are busy organizing the harvest. “the potato seed was imported from within mongolia 3,300 kilometres away.” for large-scale growers in the chengdu plains, it is normal to buy potatoes from outside the province。
“external seeding, high cost and long transport. The freight cost varies from $300 to $600 per ton.” song sheng made an account for the journalist: he grows 400 acres of potatoes every year, all of them from helal, inner mongolia, with 400 pounds on a single acre, at a combined cost of about $700 for the purchase of seeds, transportation, etc., and $280,000 a year for 400 acres of potatoes。
Zheng mingli, the farm owner of the river oil, also mentioned that an acre would require 600 pounds to grow and acre would cost more than $1,000. “it is not only easy to plant a seed, but also the problems of poor seedlings and dead seedlings, which make it impossible to do so.” zheng mingli said。
Status of the zou snowway industry, vice-president of the institute of potato research, mongyang city institute of agricultural sciences: in sichuan province, where potato is grown on a scale, out-of-department procurement rates are as high as 90 per cent。
“the cultivation of potatoes has always been a `crawling' problem that constrains the development of the sichuan potato industry.” the researcher of the institute of agricultural resources and environmental studies of the provincial academy of agricultural sciences and expert in the development of the sichuan potato industry, shen quisin, an innovator。
A number of years ago, sichuan, in high-altitude mountains such as sunayama, abaad and ganz, set up a “detoxification seedling-geno-geno-geno-first-grade” detoxification system. The cold climate in high altitudes, the scarcity of aphids, can effectively disrupt the spread of the virus, and the cold environment allows for the planting of potatoes, which is an area of natural abundance。
However, as the scale of cultivation and the demand for consumption in the market continues to grow, the slabs of high-altitude species alone are becoming more prominent。
On the one hand, sichuan has limited high-altitude areas suitable for a wide variety of species, and the fragmentation of high-mountain plots has made it difficult to scale, mechanized and multiplication, with high labour and storage costs; on the other hand, the supply gap for seeding is widening. Snow zou indicates that up to 10 acres of seeded potatoes are available from one acre of cropping, and that the mountains lack a series of swathes of large-scale, multi-cropping land and are unable to expand. Sichuan potato cultivation covers 10 million acres, with a wide gap in supply and demand and a large gap in seeding。
In addition, the shortfall in seeding is more pronounced in autumn and winter. The main layout of the sichuan autumn potato is in the low mountain valleys of the west, in kawanan and in the medium-sized regions of the river, with high temperatures and high humidity during the nursery season, high risk of the retention of the potato, and a shortfall of more than 600,000 tons of potatoes in the autumn of the year, further exacerbating the dependence on external sources of seeding。
Technological breakthroughs reduce stress in the fall and winter
But the cold storage's a problem
As a result, zou xue and shen have led the potato breeding team and have begun exploring new and diverse technologies to see if we can break through the maze bottlenecks in the dam area。
There are two core reasons why the dam areas are not pro-smuggling. First, the harvest of chips is usually in may/june, when rain is hot and the temperature continues to rise after the harvest, and the harvest of chips, if not stored in cold storage, will soon germinate or rot in seed; and, at the same time, the high number of aphids in low-altitude areas during the growth of potatoes and the high risk of the spread of the virus causing the cultivation of the potato belt virus。
The challenge is to start with the selection of varieties。
“teams are tailored to the climatic characteristics of the chengdu plain and screen for early ready-to-adapted varieties with short reproductive periods and short hibernation periods.” shen hae-sun said that she had selected seed varieties suitable for the dam, such as yum tao 1, koo tao 1 and kakawa tao 4。
After choosing the appropriate species, the team started running。
According to zou zou zou, the core idea is to grow potatoes in the first place for long periods of time: after the rice harvest, the potato is grown and is scheduled to sow between november and december of the year, with the gradual harvest starting in march or april of the following year and a significant harvest in may. From november to april, the climate in the kawabei dam was cold, not only suited to the demand for potato growth, but also able to avoid high aphids and reduce viral contamination from its root causes。
In addition, the level dam area can be mechanized throughout the process, improving efficiency and expanding seeding areas. Shen told journalists that the total machine operation had been reduced by 50 per cent by opening ditches, planting seeds, fertilization, pharmacizing, harvesting, etc. This, together with crop rotation in rice fields and dry rotation in itself, can reduce pest and grass and reduce drug costs by 10-20 per cent。
This technology also matches the seeding time of potatoes. The chengdu plain is mainly grown in autumn winter potatoes, with new forms of seeding in the flat zone, and is stored in cold storage after harvest in may three months in hiding coincided with a hibernation period, which coincided with planting in autumn and winter。
So how will the first 20 acres of detoxified potato harvest be used
“the seed has gradually been taken into account in the cold storage of the institute of agricultural sciences of the city of myeongyang. Starting in august, a demonstration of the peace dam winter for this year's kawanan autumn.” zou xue told journalists that the fall was mainly conducted in places such as kaminga, yibin, and that the winter work of the flat dam was demonstrated by chengdu, myungyang and fung fu-sung。
“if the autumn and winter potatoes are grown to meet the standards, next year we will promote the technology to scientific institutions and professional cooperatives.” shen shen says that the effects of planting are good, firstly, whether the acre production can reach 2,000 kg, and secondly, because of its quality, “when we measure production in the autumn and winter, we will be able to score the amounts of potatoes that are fried, boiled, salivated, coloured, evaporated, etc., and select potatoes that take into account production and variety.”
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Take, for example, the cost of cold storage. At present, the seeding of potatoes is based solely on the storage of small cold banks in research units and laboratories, and if it is to be industrialized on a large scale, large-scale cold storage packages and storage cost controls still need to be tested on a continuous basis. “scientific teams are also exploring new technologies to try to improve the entire chain system of balconies by extending the storage time for potato seeding through the application of biological sprouts.” shen quisin。
(reporter shattering )
