A technical conflict is a contradiction between the two parameters and refers to the deterioration of another performance parameter while improving one of the performance parameters of the system. In mechanical engineering, technical conflict is the most common type of conflict, and there are many examples of this, such as the increase in engine power of aircraft, which generally increases engine quality. Since aircraft engines usually hang on their wings, they are in fact equivalent to weakening the wings; increasing the diameter of bolts to achieve greater connectivity results in a corresponding increase in weight and size。
According to triz, any compromise and compromise is undesirable and must be eliminated once a technological conflict is discovered, otherwise it cannot be called innovation. That is to say, in resolving the problem, what is needed is not just to improve the performance of one party to the conflict, but also to ensure that the performance of the other party to the conflict cannot be reduced, and that the so-called “appropriate” treatment is not recommended by triz? This is clearly a difficult task, and perhaps it is considered impossible. But in order to be a successful creator, there is a saying that can never be said: “this cannot be done”。
The paradox matrix is designed for the resolution of technological conflicts, and many practical problems can be solved by drawing on the 39 standard parameters and 40 inventive principles described above, based on the methodological tips given by the paradox matrix. A detailed description of the specific process by which the contradiction matrix is being resolved is given below。
I. Conflict small
Having identified 39 standard parameters, archishul studied the correspondence between the expressed technical conflicts and the 40 inventive principles by the standard parameters and established the so-called contradiction matrix (co)Nradication matrix, or conflict matrix (co)See appendix b for details. As a rule, as long as a technical conflict is defined by standard parameters, available inventive principles can be found in the matrix。
A brief description of the composition of the contradictory matrix (figures 6-2) follows。
1) the first and first rows of the contradiction matrix are composed of 39 standard parameters, with horizontal indications of contradictions against parameters where neutral performance has deteriorated and vertical indications of contradictions over parameters where neutral performance has been improved. It should be noted that the above-mentioned positive/negative parameters are different from the concept of improved and deteriorated parameters here, the main purpose of which is to better analyse the impact of the change in the direction of the parameters, whereas improvements/deteriorations should be determined on the basis of the same or opposite needs as you would like。
2) the numbers in the intermediate module of the contradiction matrix give the inventive rationale number recommended by triz for the resolution of corresponding technological conflicts, corresponding to the serial number in the 40 inventive principles (table 5-1)。
3) since the ambivalent matrix is designed to resolve a technical conflict (a conflict between the two different parameters), and the two parties to the conflict on the diagonal elements are the same parameters, it is by definition no longer a technical conflict but a physical conflict when the conflict occurs in the two directions of the same parameter, and of course it is impossible to resolve it by using the ambivalent matrix. So the diagonal elements of the contradictory matrix are all space elements。
(4) in addition to the diagonal elements, there are some blank elements in the triz matrix, which indicates that the triz researchers have not found a corresponding understanding of the contradictions made by these standard parameter elements。
As mentioned earlier, triz is an innovative technique based on existing knowledge, so the paradox matrix itself is in the process of development. In previously understood matrix elements, the original understanding may be further added or adjusted; for those that do not yet exist, the new understanding may be added. If the original understanding of the matrix element is always empty, it can only show that the technical contradictions to which the element corresponds are non-existent in reality, or that the 40 inventions of triz need to be further expanded。
Ii. Basic steps for the application of the contradictory matrix
Teacher of skywalker: the contradiction matrix is a tool provided by triz to gain an understanding of definitions based on conflicting criteria. In applying the contradiction matrix, the following points need to be noted:
1) the system and definition of issues should be clear。
2) the selection of standard parameters is relevant to the problem, and their optimal state should be an accurate description of the issues to be addressed。
3) the original understanding can be translated into practical areas。
In order to achieve satisfactory results, the use of contradictory matrices should be subject to certain rules, the steps of which are described below。
1. System analysis
Teacher of skywalk: the main purpose of the system analysis is to provide a clearer picture of the system's composition and thus a better description and definition of the problem. The system analysis consists mainly of the following steps。
1) identification of the name of the technical system. Triz is an innovative approach based on knowledge and experience, and a successful case of innovation is not only the accumulation of experience but also of knowledge. A precise definition of the name of the system would allow for better use of solutions to current problems in the future。
2) identification of the main functions of the technology system. The main function of a technology system is the need that must be guaranteed in the course of its design and improvement and is a prerequisite for its existence. In defining the main function of a technology system, care should be taken to seek the most fundamental and substantive functional needs. If the main function of bicycles is to transport goods and people, all designs are meaningless if the bikes are not designed for this purpose。
3) identification of assistive functions of technical systems. Auxiliary functions of a technology system are some of the functions performed with the main functions being guaranteed. Auxiliary functions may be useful for the enhancement of key functions, such as brakes on bicycles; they may also be entirely unrelated to the main functions, such as some decorations in bicycles. Unlike primary functions, assistive functions are not “without x, they are no longer y” important, so they can even be separated from the system under certain conditions。
4) detailed decomposition technology systems. When decomposing technology systems, attention should be paid to the level of decomposition. Not too rough, but not too thin. Decomposition is too crude to detect problems, and too thin it may lead to the focus being lost in detail. This is usually done after a rough split and then gradually refined, focusing on those parts where there are critical issues。
5) analysis of the interrelationships and roles of technical systems, critical subsystems and general subsystems (including spare parts). In one technology system, the components are interconnected, and the existence of such a link will affect the performance of other subsystem functions, both beneficial and harmful。
6) positioning problem systems or subsystems. A system or subsystem to identify problems。
(7) a detailed description of the problem. In defining the issue, two points need to be focused: one that is most fundamental and essential, rather than superficial. 2 use as few professional terms as possible when describing problems. For example, in order to improve the anchoring of ships, the description of the problem as “defunct” might limit the improvement of the anchor, while the description of the problem as “inadequate stability of the ship on the sea surface” would expand the idea of the solution, since stabilizing the ship on the sea might not necessarily involve the moorings currently in use。
2. Definition conflicts (contrary)
Mr. Skywalker: the definition of conflicting parameters and conflicts is the most critical step in solving problems using a contradiction matrix for the following reasons:
1) only if conflicting parameters are defined can a contradiction matrix be used。
2) only a clear and precise definition of the conflict will make it possible to obtain the original understanding that the solution to the problem (not the conflict) is the most likely to succeed, since: a different definition of the conflict will have a completely different original understanding of the conflict matrix; and if a defined conflict does not reflect the underlying problem, even if it is understood in a substantive way, it is not the conflict that needs to be resolved most。
A brief description of the conflict definition process follows。
1) identification of the characteristics of the system that should be improved. The features of system improvements are usually more directly related to the issues raised and are therefore easier to determine. The main task at this point is to make the description more accurate and precise。
2) identification and screening of characteristics of deterioration of the system. Determining what characteristics of a system a change might cause to deteriorate must be based on a detailed analysis of the system, which is much more difficult than it was earlier. Subject to a clear and detailed analysis and understanding of the system, there are a number of possible scenarios: one that does not know how to solve the problem and that does not know at all what aggravating factors may occur; two that have multiple parameters that may deteriorate, but that does not determine which one is the opposite party to the conflict; and one that has been improved, but does not appear to have contributed to the deterioration. In the third case, the problem and the conflict have been resolved (at least at the current level of awareness) and the conflict no longer exists. Therefore, only the first and second scenarios are discussed below。
For the first category, there are two negative and positive approaches:
Negative treatment. The problem was placed in the category of management contradictions, since triz was largely unmanageable and could reasonably not resolve it. Since almost all issues can be artificially classified as “wanted to do without knowing how to do”. Negative approaches should therefore not be accepted and used by all creators。
Active approach. A positive approach to the issue should be encouraged and promoted, and could be used to create a solution, even if it was the least marginal one, and a seemingly absurd one. Let's try brainstorm. So long as there is a solution, it is possible to construct a contradiction and it is possible to resolve it. Of course, the best approach would be to re-analyse the problem and find a reasonable solution。
For the second category, it is possible to list the various potentially deteriorating performances, and to analyse each deterioration in a conflict-by-conflict manner。
3) translating the characteristics of improvement and deterioration identified with 39 standard parameters. Once a technical conflict has been identified, i. E. An area definition of the parties to the conflict has been established, it will be necessary to convert into a general description the parties to the conflict, as expressed by the issue, using terms described in specific technical areas, and to translate those particular terms into general terms (39 standard engineering parameters)。
4) determine whether it is a technical or a physical conflict. Once the parties to the conflict have been identified and converted into standard parameters, it is easier to resolve the problem. If it is not the same parameter or technical conflict, it is physical conflict. As noted earlier, the contradiction matrix cannot be used to resolve physical conflicts, which are resolved by the principle of separation。
5) a reverse description of the contradiction. A reverse description of the contradictions is intended to better understand them. The description begins by identifying the parameters that need to be improved, and then results in a contradiction that arises in the process of improvement, i. E., that another parameter has changed; the process of reverse description is the same, and if the parameters that are modified in the positive description have improved, what parameters have changed? The result is no less than two: the improved parameter in the positive description has changed, and the modified parameter in the positive description is not. When the second situation occurred, it was clear that the right correspondence in the right description was not the only one and that the problem should be analysed more closely。
6) identification of conflicts. Through the many steps ahead, contradictions can be finalized and standard parameters defined。
The definition of the conflict included the identification of the conflicting parties and the conversion of the field parameters to the standard parameters. The definition of conflict is the most powerful link in the application of triz and the key to the effectiveness of triz theory. A better definition of conflict requires not only skill and practice, but also an expression of a holistic grasp and the ability to predict the target。
3. Access to and utilization of original understandings
(1) on the basis of the standard parameters established, it is possible to identify the original understanding of the solution of the triz recommendations in the contradictory matrix once the improved and deteriorating parameters are established. Note that: a horizontal parameter is a contradictory parameter for the deterioration of neutral performance, a vertical parameter is a contradictory parameter for the improvement of neutral performance; a digit in a unit at the intersection of two vertical parameters is the original understanding serial number。
(2) a careful analysis of the availability of the various principles obtained and the determination that the principle of suspense should be said to be simple to obtain a corresponding invention number in the matrix of contradictions after they have been established, the difficulty being how to apply them, which is relevant to the analysis of the rationale. An analysis of the usability of the principles is therefore an essential step in the application of the contradictory matrix, which is usually also the most difficult one. This difficulty lies in two areas。
1) in general, there is often more than one rationale given by the triz paradox matrix. These were understood to be based on the frequency with which they appeared in the patent and ranked. For specific issues, however, sequencing is only a reference and the availability of less frequent inventions that do not appear in the modules cannot be ruled out。
2) in order to help creators better use the paradox matrix, successful examples of the principle of invention (generalization) are often given in some triz-based cai (communication) software. The problem could be solved successfully if the examples given contained the problems that needed to be addressed, but that was rarely the case. In most cases, the availability of the doctrine must be judged by the creator itself, which requires the full exercise of imagination: in the example of the solution given by triz, the interrelationship with the problems you have encountered is found and attempts are made to obtain possible indications from it, which is an exercise that requires experience and care. Past experience with problem solving, sufficient sensitivity and care can help you to discover the relevance of the problem, although it may be small, but it always serves as a reminder; and it is based directly on the principles of invention that you imagine。
(3) the problem was solved by the analysis of the original understanding of the conversion to the actual programme or the re-seeking of the original understanding, such as the finding of a useful rationale in the original understanding of the recommendations provided by the contradictory matrix, followed by the translation of the original understanding into a domain. There are two points that require attention。
Areas of interpretation were also addressed in the analysis of the original understanding. The usual approach is to make a preliminary judgement after analysing the hints of the original understanding and to set aside the possibility of starting with a usability analysis of the other understandings if the preliminary analysis concludes that the method does not solve the practical problems。
2) when, after a preliminary analysis, one or more of the original understandings is considered to be available for problem resolution, a complete change in the original understanding to the field can be made. In the process of translating the original understanding into detailed areas, it is often the case that solutions are inappropriate, either because of technical problems or because of cost or even supply problems. When this happens, a new analysis of the problem, the definition of conflict and the corresponding follow-up will be essential. Mechanical innovation is a complex task, which is inevitable in general。
