Old farmers who have grown crops for a lifetime, with the old saying on their mouths: "summer to soybeans, mostly empty." a lot of the old people have suffered years ago, they've been left empty in the middle of the summer. The bean tree is too tall, its leaves are so thick, it is empty, its seed grains are small, it cannot collect a hundred pounds in an acre, and it has been working for six months, and it will not collect its money。
In the immediate aftermath of the harvest, close to the summer, a great deal of wheat is running late, and the wheat harvest is ready to grow soybeans, and many farmers struggle to grow soybeans. Some are afraid of losing their harvest and others are cutting off their production in the last days, regardless of their lack of energy. In fact, the old saying is not one-size-fits-all, and the summer is not one that can't grow soybeans; it is a mistake to plant them by using the old soybeans, with the wrong selection of varieties and the wrong control of the next density, which results in a massive loss of production. As long as the two core key points of seeding are captured and the planting programme adjusted in a timely manner, the soybeans are saturated and not empty, even as they approach the summer to the bottom, and the harvest is not sustainable. Today, all the land is dry, taking into account the experience of soybeans growing in the summers across the north and the south, to tell the story of how the soybeans are grown at night, how to avoid the deadly faults, and how to learn from old farmers。
The old saying has a basis for centuries to figure out why it's easy to grow soybeans in the summer and later, to learn how to grow and not to step on pits. After the summer, the day is slowly shorter, temperatures are high, high temperatures are dry and heavy rains alternate, soybeans are short-sunseed crops, and shorter light is expected to lead to early reproductive growth. The later the soybeans are soaked for long periods of time, the seedlings are not long enough for leaves and roots, rushing to open flowers, insufficient stocking of plant nutrients, the amount of flowering, the amount of soybean nutrients that cannot keep up with soybean grains and, naturally, the amount of emptiness. This, together with early cooling in the later stages, brought down the frost, and the premature beans stopped pouring and ended up full of empty pockets. But it is only a reference, and rational changes in sowing details can offset the disadvantages of late broadcasting and break the old saying spell。
First key: the choice of soybeans suitable for late broadcast and the elimination of soybeans
The late soybeans were reduced, the number one killer was the random selection of varieties, and 90 per cent of the farmers who lost money at night were in the summer with their old soybeans. Spring soybeans are born long, with 120 days of full-childbirth, spring is just as warm and bright as it is, and slowly and slowly growing a herring; in the summer-to-high-temperature sun-light environment, the failure to wait for long leaves has driven the flower to bloom, the innate nutrients to become inevitable. The soybeans are planted late in the day, and the choice of varieties is based on one norm: pre-maturity, short-term fertility, endurance, high temperature。
1. Specific criteria for summer casts
After the harvest, seeding occurs before and after the summer, priority is given to the selection of summer soybean varieties for the period of 85 to 95 days of childbearing, which are inherently high-temperature and short-day-lighted environments, fast-growing seeding periods, fast-forming branches, short-term completion of flowering curds, full slurry maturity before the frost cools, perfect evasion of late-temperature plumes. The main area of the hwang huai sea, and the southern hills, have all abandoned medium- and late-literate varieties for more than 100 days。
The selection of other varieties is based on two additional points: high temperature resistance to drought, high temperatures throughout summer to sowing, and the persistence of high temperatures during flower seasons, which can easily be lost; and small branches, with a strong ability to collide, with no extra time to produce side branches for late soybeans, which can only ensure production through staggering, spreading nutrients at a later stage and making them extremely easy to empty。
2. Farmer selection for pit avoidance
A number of small-scale food shops sell bulk soybeans, many of them from spring soybeans, and cannot be seeded. The growth rate of the food beans is uneven, with long-term mismatches. Nor is it possible to keep the seeds up to the end of the year, so that, following the degradation of the varieties, the resilience is reduced and the probability of the airbath being broadcast at the end of the day is doubled. There are no regular summer beans, and it is better to plant a few acres than to blindly plant poor seeds。
3. Small north-south differences
In the north, north and south of the shandong river, the pre- and post-summer selections range from 90 days of pre- and post-summer soybeans; in the south, the yangtze river basin is heavily rained, with 85 days of pre-maturity, and high temperatures and short-lived water accumulations to avoid the fallout of the rainy season。
Secondly, the second key: to replant it into dense, to control the depth and quantity of the species and to compensate for the long-term short-lived life. Board
Spring soybeans are warm and rich for long periods of time, with more saplings, with between 8,000 and 10,000 saplings on an acre, and a dense leaf is planted in a sapling. However, the late soybean cycle shrinks, the branches barely grow, the production of which is saved by intensive planting, the continued spring planting pattern, the small size of the soybean tree and the fall in production from the cliffs, are the second core cause of the late soybean planting. In the summer to soybeans, the highest priority is to increase sowing density, to rationalize the depth of sowing and to compensate for its chronic underdevelopment。
One, very precise seed density
(b) regular spring-run acreage seedlings: 8,000 to 10,000
(a) scrambling from the bottom to the summer: 14,000 to 16,000 acres, which is more than half as high as spring
A week after the summer, the seeding takes place: another 10% density, 17,000 plants per acre。
Conversion into seed quantities, ordinary small soybeans, with an acre in the spring of eight pounds, rising to 12 to 15 pounds in the summer and evenings; large soybeans with 12 pounds in the spring and 18 to 20 pounds in the evening of an acre, depending on the size of the seed。
2. Physically adjusted line distance
Spring soybeans usually have 40 centimetres and 20 centimetres between their dens, and are broadcast directly at night to narrow their line distances by 30 to 33 centimetres and 12 to 15 centimetres. Mechanical plots reduce the distance between sowing ditches directly and artificially reduce the distance between the caves. Following a constriction, the land use rate has increased, relying on the group advantage to compensate for the shortcomings of the small single sheet, even if it is smaller, and the total number is up to the same level, so as to eliminate large gaps。
3. Deep and strict control of seeding
High summer-to-surface temperatures, loss of water on the surface of the earth, too shallow to sow seeds, dry seeding, loss of seedlings, and natural low yield of seedlings; too deep seeding, poor heat and ventilation of the soil, swollen seed seeds, slow seed production and further compression over the long term. Best sowing depth: 3 cm sand, 2. 5 cm border land, 2 cm sticky land. After the rain, the soil is moist, duly shallow, dryly infested, soaks the soil, locks it up and improves its integrity。
Iii. Late broadcast with three auxiliary managements, adding flowers and reducing empty pockets
The completion of the two key points of seed selection and containment has enabled us to avoid 80 per cent of the empty space, with three simple field managements, full of soybeans and a further step in the harvest, without additional input costs。
1. Light application of bottom fertilizers, fertilization control during periods of seedling and fertilization during periods of flower
The late soybeans are growing fast, the seed season is short, the bottom fertilizer is high, the excess nitrous fertilizers are long, and the latter fall into the varnish. A small amount of corroded farm fat or low nitrogen complex fat per acre is buried in the ground. Soybeans have their own roots in nitrogen-fixing, and they don't have to catch up with fat. The early flowering period is the critical point for the need for fatting, with large-scale planting of plants, which are most likely to leave empty shells in the event of a shortage of fatting, with a small supplement to the potassium phosphorus fertilizer before and after the rain, and a boost to the herbs, effectively reducing empty pockets。
2. Moderate medium-cropping of grass during sapling season, with strong roots
Weeds are growing at a much higher rate than soybean seedlings, weeds are fertilizing, soybean seedlings are malnourished, and the air is becoming more abundant later. For about 20 days, when the soil is saturated, it is soaked in the ground that it breaks the slab while weeding, increases the aerobicity of the soil, helps soybean roots to take root, strengthens fattening capacity, and provides sufficient nutrients for the natural and empty cavities. Try to keep it in mind and avoid deep-cut wounds to the surface root。
Three. Time to clear the drains and keep the roots dry
In the summer, it was rainy, soybean roots were afraid of flooding, water was accumulated in the fields for one or two days, roots lacked oxygen and decayed, leaves fell yellow, and flowers were splattered with empty shells. The fields were sowed to open drains ahead of schedule, water was drained first after heavy rains, water was not visible in the fields and root activity was maintained。
Iv. The four common faults of late soybeans
We're in the middle of a bad one
Whatever is left of the soybeans, the total neglect of the reproductive period in the family is the most common reason for the soybeans to be empty。
Erection two: we can't use more seeds. Volume
The old idea that the beans are inhaled, and they grow as thinly as spring, soybeans do not grow in the late hours, rare plots do a few beans, and production after autumn is devastating。
We're in the middle of nowhere
It was felt that the late seeding was slow and that the urea gyros had grown, and as a result, the plant was long, thin, thin, flowering and empty。
We're in the middle of the rain
After the rains, the mud sows further, the heat is sour and dusty, the seedlings are uneven and the lack of seedlings is difficult to remedy later。
V. Conclusion and central advice
I'm going to take it easy
Summer beans are afraid of empty pockets, wrong in variety and thinness
Evening is the first option for pre-cooked beans, so it is no problem to increase density
(a) subsistence coverage of saplings and nitrogen-refilled phosphorus
Water canals are protected and scientific crops are preserved。
The old saying is only a rough summary of past years, and now the best varieties are being optimized and the technology for planting is being upgraded to avoid the old saying “summer to soybeans, mostly empty”. In the middle of the summer, wheat is still able to grow soybeans safely after late hours, capturing the two cores of pre-maturized varieties and increasing sowing density, together with simple water fertilizer and drainage management, sowing good beans。
We're in the middle of the summer soybeans, we're going to collect this dry stuff, we're going to plant it, we're going to send it to our relatives, we're going to make scientific adjustments, we're going to lose time, we're going to sell the soybeans after autumn
