After the purchase of the vehicle, in addition to the cost of fuel and electricity, maintenance of the vehicle is an ongoing expense that cannot be avoided. A lot of car owners are trapped in an inherent awareness that car maintenance has to cost more. The maintenance list at the 4s store was collected and the car came out of nowhere, panicking and running to the repair plant. Car maintenance is never done with much budget, but with a sense of rationale, screening and spending on knives to achieve conservation results. In reality, the vast majority of ordinary car owners are prone to bias by the false web-based interpretation of car maintenance, unwittingly spending a large amount of money。
Domestic cars are themselves durable industrial goods and, under normal driving conditions, are not required to make frequent payments for value-added maintenance. Conservation projects, which are marketed in many stores, are not suitable for each vehicle. The average person does not have to be a teacher of auto mechanics, but it can be achieved by identifying the projects that must be done, those that can be deferred and those that are completely unnecessary。
I. Maintenance refusal to be blind and do not be kidnapped by a regular routine
The vehicle maintenance manual, which is the official guidance given by the manufacturer in connection with hardware design, spare parts loss measurements, is also the best reference for maintenance vehicles. In reality, however, most car owners rarely look at the manual, and the maintenance shop recommends the replacement of any spare parts and does so directly。
The door shop loves such value-added items as main push engine cleaning, oil road cleaning, gas-saving door deep cleaning, oil-channel protection. Borders are to be distinguished: oil, machine filtering is a rigid basic maintenance; various types of cleaning and maintenance are not mandatory。
Take the engine interior cleaner. If you keep using real oil, change oil filters on time, use urban commuters on a day-to-day basis, and rarely drive short and long-term violence, it is difficult to build heavy oil mud inside the engine. In this case, 230,000 kilometres need not be cleaned internally. Clean-up operations are considered only if the long-term use of low-quality oil, high-frequency short-distance vehicles and dismantling inspections confirm the heavy accumulation of oil mud. Not only is blind cleaning free of money, some of the poor-quality washing agents will be stripped of the dust, jamming oil roads and destroying engines。
The air-saving door is cleaned, and you don't stare at the miles, but you have to judge the actual car. The failure speeds are flat, the start is flat, the fuel consumption is not skyrocketed, and even if it reaches 450,000 kilometres, there is no need to take it down. Only in the case of twitching, start-up setbacks and twitching can it be made possible to re-enter the plant for cleaning purposes. A number of vehicles have been persuaded to clean up gas-saving doors for 20,000 kilometres, which is typical of excessive maintenance。
The gearbox maintenance is the worst-hit area where the owner stepped on the pit. Manual, at, cvt transmission boxes with different maintenance cycles. Part of the at gearbox is marked as “life-free”, where the lifetime refers to the useful life of the vehicle's design, which is not equivalent to never having to change oil, but only for longer periods. It was impossible to listen to the repair plant and had to change gear tank oil for 12,000 kilometres. All priority is given to adjusting the vehicle environment with the maintenance manual: frequent congestion in urban areas, frequent ramps are heavily carried, and can be carried in a modest manner ahead of time; roads are smooth and long distances are high and can be implemented at the maximum level of the manual。
There is also a large doorway for the transformer. Revolving machine oils are expensive and expensive; less oil for gravity oils and better value for money, but not better. Some of the old transformer valves are fragile, with high-pressure shocks from recyclers, and are highly vulnerable to valve damage. The normal home-based scooter, which regulates gravitational exchange and re-replaces on time, also achieves the desired oil replacement effect without the need for blind access to circular machine programmes。
And spark plugs can't be replaced by miles. Nickel alloy spark plugs have a relatively short life, with a recommended replacement of 230,000 kilometres, and aluminum and platinum spark plugs can have a life of up to 60,000 kilometres. The electrodes can be detached to observe their depletion and can continue to serve as long as the electrodes are slightly worn, the ignition is stable, the start is smooth and the acceleration is not shaking or weak。
A brief summary: the maintenance priority is to look over the after-car manual, which does not impose the value-added items, all of which are based on checking the condition of the vehicle and processing it on an as-needed basis, and do not accept the sales list of the store in its entirety。
Ii. Use of day-to-day car habits to slow the ageing of vehicles at zero cost
The wear and tear of vehicles, not all due to deficiencies in the quality of spare parts, is due to the fact that many of the root causes stem from chronic poor use of vehicles. Good car habits, which do not cost a penny more, actually slow the ageing of parts and lower the probability of failure。
Many people travel two or three kilometres a day, and the car dies before it reaches normal working temperatures. Short-distance long-term travel, less than optimal working temperatures for engines, inadequate combustion of gasoline, rapid accumulation of carbon, thinning of oil and faster consumption of electric bottles. As far as possible over 10 kilometres per week, conditions permitting, allowing vehicles to have sufficient heaters would greatly benefit both engines and bottles。
The cold car was activated and the old saying was three or five minutes. Today's electric and direct-to-home vehicles do not require long periods of in-scenes. Tens of seconds after the start of winter, the oil is fully delivered to the various components, moving slowly and smoothly, and warming is the most efficient mode of hot vehicles. Long periods of in-situ neglect, which is a waste of fuel, also exacerbates carbon accumulation。
Parking habits also affect vehicle life. Automatic red-lighting, short waiting for dozens of seconds, d-stop brakes are perfectly clear, and n-blocks need not be cut frequently; it would be more appropriate to hang n-barrel more than a few minutes. The widely circulated "n" brake and "p" on the internet is not a rigid operating standard for domestic vehicles. Vehicle parking is normally carried to the p block, and the gearbox locks are perfectly manageable and do not need to over-regulate the sequence of the block and avoid frequent alternations leading to additional wear and tear。
Don't kill him for long. Full in situ direction and heavy loads will be carried by the shift-aid system. Whether hydraulic or electron, a little later after full direction, reduces the load of the booster pump, the electric power, and can effectively extend the life of the transition system。
Tyres are the most important safety component in the vehicle. Most of the drivers were only reminded of the need to focus on tyres when they had a puncture and ignored routine checks. In addition to gravitation, care must be taken of the fetal wall, which is the weakest part of the tyre, and which is frequently grazed and easily squeezed into drum packs. Once the drum packs are in place, the internal curtains are broken and there is an explosive potential at any time, and they must be replaced directly, without repairing them, and then continue to be useful。
Tires must be replaced if worn to safety mark position. It's not like the tire looks good enough to keep running. Rubber is naturally aging, even if the mileage is very low, after 5 to 6 years of operation, and when it is hardened and fractured, it must be repaired and replaced in a timely manner. Many cars run thousands of kilometres a year, and tyres are old and still on the road, hiding considerable safety risks。
Tire pressure cannot be judged subjectively by the naked eye. Domestic flat tires are now generally low and it is normal to watch flat tires. (b) the value of the tyre pressure, which is based on the signpost of the main driver's pillar b factory, without reference to the maximum tyre pressure indicated on the side wall of the tyre. A simple monthly test of foetal pressure; excessive foetal pressure, increased wear and tear in the middle of the tread, and a greater sense of car invertation; low foetal pressure, severe wear on the shoulders, increased consumption of fuel and increased risk of high-speed travel。
Three, oil and gas, not as expensive as your car
Oils such as oil, cooling fluids and brake oil directly determine vehicle performance. Many of the owners were caught in the wrong zone: the more expensive the oil, the higher the number, the better the protection of the car。
The oil labels, such as 5w = 30, 0w = 40, follow primarily the stickyness recommended by the manufacturer in the vehicle description book. New engines have small internal gaps, mostly with low viscosity oil; old vehicles with high kilometres of old cars, with large internal gaps, can be adjusted slightly to higher viscosity. The blind use of high viscosity oil increases the resistance of engines to operating, increases fuel consumption, weakens power and does not produce better protective effects。
The oil is divided into complete, semi-synthetic and mineral oils. Full-synthetic oil is more efficient and has a longer replacement cycle, but not all vehicles are required to carry the most expensive full-synthetic oil. Strict compliance with manual standards: 5,000 km of mineral oil is replaced, 7,500 km of semi-synthesis and 10,000 km of all. The purchase of real oil is more critical than the blind selection of high-priced oil. Fabricated oil and oil layers have emerged and regular channels have been selected to avoid low-priced sources。
Refrigerated fluids are not just summer heat spreads, winter freezes, but are working throughout the year. The absence of cooling fluids, the inhibition of direct injections of piped water, and the long-term retention of minerals in piped water can create water trails to jam waterways. Refrigerated fluids do not provide priority for the same product and only emergency scenarios can add a small amount of distilled water emergency. Refrigerated liquids are not permanently effective and cannot be replaced by simply looking at liquids inside the pot。
Brakes are easy to ignore. Brake oil is humid and absorbs air vapours on a continuous basis, and when moisture is exceeded, high temperatures are prone to air resistance and directly reduce brake performance. The vast majority of vehicles are proposed for replacement for two years or 40,000 kilometres. Even if the vehicle is driven in small distances, it will have to be tested at the age. The cost of brakes, which are a matter of safety, is not recommended。
Glass water need not be blindly pursued for high-priced products. The usual summer glass water is replaced by freezing-proof models in low-temperature areas. Instead of scavenging glass water, which can easily corrosively corrosive rubber pipelines, it can also produce foams to block sight and interfere with car observation。
Iv. Dissociate the malfunction from the anomaly
During the use of the vehicle, some of the noises and phenomena are normal physical reactions to the vehicle. Many of the vehicles were wrongly thought to be a major malfunction, rushed into the plant for major repairs and spent a large amount of maintenance costs。
After the fire went out, there was a sound of incisive noise in the engine compartment, mostly from the exhaust pipes, the three-dollar catalytic metal boom, and the vast majority of the fuel trucks appeared, which were not faulty and did not need maintenance。
When the winter cold starts, large amounts of white fog come out of the exhaust pipe, which is normal in low-temperature conditions, when water vapours are formed by cold liquidization. It is only in the case of continuous blue smoke, representing motor oil burning of vehicles; black smoke, representing inadequate combustion, that these two cases will require inspection at the plant。
The sound of buzzing and whistling in the cabins and chassis after the fire has shut down is presumably the delayed operation of the heat fans or the discharge of the pumps, which is the normal rear workflow of the vehicle and is not a malfunction。
Minor tire frictions occur at low-speed turns, first to confirm whether the tires are full in the direction, and then the tires reach the slab and do not come up and replace the suspension parts。
There was no fire in the car, so the bottle should not be replaced in the first place. In the case of frequent short-distance movements, the shut-off of songs and lights resulting in a loss of power in a bottle, the battery can be activated first, fully charged and observed in its state, and some of the bottles are only in deficit and can continue to be used. A bottle with a useful life of more than four or five years needs to be replaced in a timely manner once the power is lost and the basic life is exhausted。
There is no need to panic to see a malfunction. The failure lights are divided into different levels: yellow warning lights, which can be driven to the repair plant at a low speed; and red failure lights, which require the stop-out of the fire immediately. In some cases, low-quality gasoline is used to trigger engine failure lights, which can be put off and recommenced, and do not cause failure lights to be repaired as soon as they are activated。
V. Maintenance of parts: distribution of particular weapons and disappearance of digital reduction
In the case of repairs to spare parts, many confirmed that only the original plant was reliable and that the sub-plant was completely rejected, which was in fact treated differently in relation to the attributes of the spare parts。
The core components, such as brake blades, turning parts, tremors and seat belts, which are relevant to the safety of the vehicle, are the primary guarantee of the quality of the parts. The original plant is highly adaptable but expensive; many of the formal brand packages are self-made by the supplier of the car, are of too hard quality and priced below the original plant and are high-value options。
Appearances such as bumper casings, decorative panels, which do not involve the safety of the vehicle, are fully usable and can save a significant expense。
Priority is given to repairing the minor malfunctions and not to replacing them directly. The lamp casing was fractured under conditions that allowed for the repair of the polish, without the need to replace the light directly; the small cavity of the door had not been painted and could be repaired without damage and without extensive spray paint. However, the spare parts were severely damaged and the internal structure damaged, so that they would not be forcibly repaired, and the replacement would require a decisive replacement。
A lot of people think it's only 4s. The advantages of 4s are that the parts are secured and the construction process is regulated, but generally priced over. Ordinary surface items, basic maintenance projects can also be handled properly at regular repair plants. The choice is far more important than superstition of one type of channel。
Vi. Insurance and additional consumables, with rational trade-offs against ineffective consumption
Car insurance also accounts for a significant portion of the cost of maintenance and repair. A lot of drivers buy insurance, and a brain picks all the risk. The risk of loss or loss is judged in conjunction with the actual residual value of the vehicle. The residual value of the old vehicle is low and it is possible to evaluate whether or not to continue insurance coverage; the risk is mandatory and the risk is fully configured; and the various types of small additional risk are selected in the same way as the actual residual value of the vehicle。
In the face of car additives, such as fuel treasures and anti-rubicides, it must be viewed rationally. Formally qualified fuel treasures suitable for long-term, short-distance and carbon-intensive vehicle phase use, without adding each tank of oil and without any real gain from excessive use. The additives can only serve as a complement to improvements and cannot repair the hardware failure, let alone replace maintenance。
Airlock maintenance should also be avoided. Engine plating, deep chamber cleaning need not be done blindly. The interior of the cabin is filled with electrical plugs and sensors, and high-pressure water guns are strictly prohibited from being washed directly and easily accessible to short water routes. Cleaning the cabin, with low-pressure fog combined with rags, is sufficient。
After all, the car is just a walker, and there is no need to overdo or let go. Read the logic of vehicle design and identify what is required to be maintained and what is a marketing head and avoid excessive maintenance. Thousands of dollars were saved for car maintenance, and the core was not looking for low-cost maintenance channels, but cutting off unnecessary maintenance projects。
The vehicle environment, mileage and driving habits vary from one vehicle to another, and there is no one-size-fits-all vehicle programme. The experience of others could be used as a reference, but could not be replicated directly. Reading a manual on vehicle maintenance and observing more of the physical condition of the vehicle is far more reliable than being blind from the web。
Disclaimer
This paper is a general reference for general domestic car studies and does not constitute a professional maintenance guide. Different vehicle-type hardware configurations and plant markings vary and vehicle failure should be checked in the vehicle maintenance manual on a priority basis or at a regular maintenance facility for testing。
