I. Introduction of knowledge
Climate, which is a natural science term, refers to the average condition of the atmosphere in a region over many years. The elements of climate include, inter alia, light, temperature and precipitation. The types, characteristics, causes and major worldwide distributions of different climates can be taken into account。
More common tropical climates include tropical rainforests, savannahs, deserts and monsoons. The tropical rainforest climate is characterized by year-end temperatures and rainfall. The climate is mainly located around the equator in the amazon plain, the congo basin and the malay islands. These areas are constantly under the control of the equatorial low-pressure belts, where rising air currents prevail and where rainfall is easily formed. And because they are around the equator, they are hot throughout the year。
The tropical savanna climate is characterized by high annual temperatures, with precipitation divided mainly into dry and wet seasons. The climate is mainly located in central and south america and africa at latitudes 5-15° north and south. These areas are controlled interchangeably by the equatorial low-pressure belt and the mesmeric belt. When under the control of the equatorial low-pressure belt, there is more precipitation; when under the control of the equatorial wind belt, less precipitation. These areas are relatively low latitudes and are therefore hot throughout the year。
The tropical desert climate is characterized by low annual rainfall. The climate is mainly located in the mid-western part of the continent between the north and the south at the line of return to 30 degrees north and south, such as the sahara desert in northern africa, the arabian peninsula and the central and western part of australia. These areas are controlled by the alternation of the sub-tropical high-pressure belts and the baron belts, which sink and make rainfall difficult. At the same time, these areas are relatively low at latitudes, resulting in year-end heat。
The tropical monsoon climate is characterized by high year-round temperatures, with precipitation divided into two dry seasons. The climate is mainly in the south-central peninsula, in the indian peninsula and in the southern part of our taiwan region, and in the ray peninsula in guangdong. The tropical monsoon climate is influenced by differences in the nature of the heat from land to sea. In the dry season, the wind blows from the mainland to the sea, with less rainfall; in the rainy season, the wind blows from the sea to the mainland, with more precipitation. The tropical monsoon climate is low at latitudes, resulting in year-end temperatures。
The more common temperate regions are temperate monsoon climate, subtropical monsoon climate, mediterranean climate, temperate marine climate, temperate continental climate, etc. The temperate monsoon climate is characterized by high summer temperatures and rain and cold and dry winters. The climate is mainly located in the eastern part of the asian-european continent, such as the northern part of china, the northern part of the korean peninsula and the northern part of japan. Temperate monsoon climates are influenced by differences in the nature of the heat from land to sea. In summer, the south-east wind from the sea is hot and hot; in winter, the north-west wind from siberia is cold and dry。
The subtropical monsoon climate is characterized by high summer temperatures and rainfall, and by mild and low winter rains. The climate is mainly located along our south-eastern coasts, in southern japan and in south korea. Subtropical monsoon climates are similar to temperate monsoon climates and are also affected by differences in the nature of the heat from land to sea. However, the temperature is relatively high at a lower latitude than the temperate monsoon climate。
The mediterranean climate is characterized by high temperatures and low rainfall in the summer, with warm and wet winters. The mediterranean climate is a rare type of climate with different periods of rain heat. The climate is mainly spread along the mediterranean coast, the cape of hope in south africa and the south-west of australia. The climate in the mediterranean is explained by the fact that these areas are controlled by subtropical high-pressure bands during the summer months, which are sore and dry; the winter is controlled by the western wind belt, which is dominated by warm western winds and heavy rain from marine areas。
Temperate marine climates are characterized by year-round temperature and humidity. The climate is mainly found in the west bank, 40-60 degrees north and south, such as the united kingdom. These areas, which are year-round controlled by the western wind belt, are affected by warmer and more humid waters in the north atlantic, and are therefore less hot and cold and more suitable for human habitation, despite their high latitudes。
Temperate continental climates are characterized by cold and dry winters and high summer temperatures and low rainfall. The climate is mainly distributed within the continent of asia and europe and within the continent of north america. Because of the remoteness of these areas from the sea or because high mountain blocks make it difficult to reach the wet gas flow, the year-end rainfall is extremely extreme and continental in nature。
The more common type of climate in the cold zone is ice sheet. The climate is characterized by year-round colds and low rainfall. The main locations are greenland and antarctica. The above-mentioned areas are tilted by the sun, with minimal heat. It is also affected by the polar high-pressure zone, which is characterized by a heavy downpour that makes it difficult to form precipitation, and therefore less rain in the year。
In addition to the above-mentioned types of climate, a more common climate is that of the highlands. The highland mountain climate is mainly in the mountain highlands, such as our tibet region and mount kilimanjaro in africa. The main cause of this climate is the effect of the terrain, which causes year-on-year temperatures due to high altitude. Climate factors such as temperature and precipitation change vertically as the terrain rises。
Ii. Presentation of cases
The following (single-selection) statements on climate commons are incorrect:
A. Distribution of temperate monsoon climate, subtropical monsoon climate and tropical monsoon climate from north to south along the eastern coast of the country
B. Mount kilimanjaro, although located in the equatorial area, experienced year-long snow peaks mainly due to altitude high
C. The mediterranean climate is spread only along the mediterranean coast in the northern hemisphere
The main climate type in indonesia is tropical rainforest climate
Pick c. The mediterranean climate is distributed along the mediterranean coast, in southern africa, in western and central australia, and in the west coast of south america. The answer to this question is c。
Public and private education draws attention to the characteristics, distribution and causes of each climate type, examining memory and understanding。
