2026PoliticalThermal problem resolution and test questions
Length of examination: 120 minutes full: 100 minutes
Class: name: **
I. Single-choice topics (10 total, 2 points each, 20 points)
1. 2026 government responseEconomyGrowth slowed and active finance is plannedPolicyThe following measures do not fall within its scope: ()
A. Increasing public debt for infrastructure
B. Reducing corporate taxes and fees to stimulate investment
C. Increasing central bank benchmark interest rates to contain inflation
D. Increasing transfers to secure livelihoods
2. Foreign trade data of a country for 2026 show that its exports increased by 12 per cent over the same period, mainly from new energy automobiles and semiconductor products, reflecting that country ()
A. Full dependence on an export-oriented economy
B. Optimizing economic structural upgrading
C. Export dependence due to inadequate domestic demand
D. Increased protectionism in trade
In 2026, a government introduced the “community of wealth model zone” and plans to reduce the income gap through measures such as tax regulation and equalization of public services, a policy that is based at its core on ()
A. Self-regulation of the market economy
B. Essential requirements of socialism
C. Macro-regulatory theory of keynesianism
D. Neoliberal tax cuts
4. The consumer confidence index (cci) continued to decline in a country in 2026, mainly due to employment market tensions and rising housing prices, indicating that the main risk to the economy is ()
Inflationary pressures
Risk of economic stagnation
C. Insufficient foreign exchange reserves
D. Resource shortfalls
5. The central bank announced a reduction of 0. 5 percentage points in the deposit reserve rate in 2026, the main purpose of which is ()
A. Increasing the scale of bank credit
B. Increasing interest rates on savings for the population
C. Controlling the supply of money
D. Steady exchange rate levels
6. The potential long-term consequences of a country's 2026 government debt ratio, which exceeded 200 per cent, while the economy remained growing at a rate of over 3 per cent ()
A. Increased pressure for currency devaluation
B. Automatic narrowing of fiscal deficits
C. Sustained rise in market interest rates
Rapid increase in foreign exchange reserves
The main impact of the policy of a country adopting legislation to protect the security of data flows across borders in 2000 requiring enterprises to adopt encryption techniques is ()
A. Promoting the digital economyDevelopment
B. Increasing trade friction
C. Reducing incentives for business innovation
D. Reducing the scale of international investment
The main driving force of a country's “green energy transformation plan” in 2026, which aims to achieve 50 per cent energy consumption by 2030 from renewable sources, is ()
Demand for economic growth
B. Environmental protection pressures
C. Technology breakthroughs
D. International competitive pressures
9. In 2026, a government adopted a “two-declination policy” to reduce the school burden on students, but some parents respondedEducationIncreased anxiety, reflected in ()
A. Inadequate policy implementation
B. Diversity of social values
C. Unequal distribution of resources for education
D. Conflicting perceptions of family education
A country regulated the science and technology giant through an “antimonopoly law” in 2026, with the main purpose ()
A. Promoting competition in markets
B. Consumer protection
C. Preventing the economic crisis
D. Improving administrative efficiency
Ii. Filling in blanks (10 total, 2 points each, 20 points total)
In 2026, a government adopted policies to stimulate consumption demand, but with less than expected results, mainly because of the increased willingness of the population to save preventively。
GDP growth in a country was 4. 5 per cent in 2026, but only 2. 8 per cent of the population's income, reflecting the problems of the country's economic development。
In 2026, a central bank regulated market liquidity through a tool that failed to effectively control the risk of credit expansion。
In 2026, a government introduced a “new capital” plan, focusing on the development of infrastructure such as , 5g networks to support the digital economy's transformation。
While a country reduced regional development imbalances through a mechanism in 2026, the economic growth rate in the eastern coastal areas was significantly higher than in the central and western regions。
While one country's government debt as a share of GDP was 120 per cent in 2026, its “aaa” rating was still given by international rating agencies, mainly because of the country's strong capacity。
In 2026, a country adopted policies to promote industrial upgrading, but some workers in traditional industries are at risk of unemployment。
In 2026, a country introduced the “digital renminbi” pilot scheme, the main purpose of which was to enhance and financial inclusion。
In 2026, a country responded to climate change through measures, but energy transformation costs were high and could affect economic competitiveness in the short term。
In 2026 a government adopted policies to regulate income distribution, but the social gap between rich and poor continues to widen。
Iii. Judicial questions (10 total, 2 points per issue, 20 points in total)
The policy of a government to stimulate consumption by raising the minimum wage in the year 2026 is in line with keynesian theory. ( )
2. A country's foreign trade surplus declined significantly in 2026, mainly due to a sharp devaluation of its currency. ( )
A country reduced corporate taxes and fees through “supply-side structural reforms” in 2026, but the willingness of enterprises to invest remains low. ( )
4. The continued inflow of international capital in a country whose government debt rate rose in 2026 indicates that the country's economic risk is manageable. ( )
In 2026, a country introduced the “common wealth model zone” with a plan to reduce income disparities through tax progressive systems. ( )
6. The rise in unemployment in a country where central bank interest rates were raised in 2026 to contain inflation indicates that the economy is at risk of stagnation. ( )
In 2026, a country adopted an “antimonopoly law” to restrict m&as by technology giants, with the main aim of protecting sme development. ( )
One country proposed a “green energy transformation plan” in 2026, which aims to achieve carbon neutrality and targets by 2030. ( )
In 2026, a government adopted a “dual reduction policy” to reduce the school burden on students, but educational anxiety was not alleviated. ( )
In 2026, a country adopted the “digital renminbi” pilot scheme, the main objective of which was to combat the underground economy. ( )
Iv. Brief answers (for a total of 4 4 points each, total 16 points)
Briefly describe the main measures taken by a government in 2026 to promote digital economic development through its “new capital” programme and their impact。
Analysis of the feasibility and challenges of reducing income disparities through the construction of a “common wealth model area” by a government in 2026。
Explain the rationale and limitations of a central bank for stimulating the economy through its interest rate reduction policy in 2026。
Describe the policy objectives and accompanying measures of a government to address climate change through the green energy transformation plan in 2026。
V. Application questions (total of 4 6 points each, total of 24 points)
1. A country's GDP growth rate was 3 per cent in 2026, but the consumer price index (cpi) rose by 5 per cent, analysing the main risks to the economy and making policy recommendations。
2. Foreign trade data for one country for 2026 show a 12 per cent increase in exports, but an 18 per cent increase in imports, analysing trade frictions that the country may face and proposing coping strategies。
3. A country's government debt ratio rose to 120 per cent in 2026, but the economy remained at a growth rate of more than 3 per cent, analysing the country's potential long-term risks and proposing measures to address them。
In 2026, a country introduced the “digital renminbi” pilot scheme to analyse its possible economic impact and make regulatory recommendations。
[standard answer and resolution]
I. Single topics
1. C
Analysis: raising the benchmark interest rate of the central bank is a tight monetary policy and not an active fiscal policy。
2. B
Analysis: the growth in exports of new energy vehicles and semiconductor products reflects the upgrading of the country's economic structure to a high-technology industry。
3. B
Analysis: common wealth is a fundamental requirement of socialism and the core of policy is to reduce income disparities。
4. B
Analysis: tensions in the employment market and rising house prices have led to a decline in consumer confidence, reflecting the risk of economic stagnation。
5. A
Analysis: the lower rate of deposit reserves is intended to increase the size of bank credit and stimulate the economy。
6. A
Analysis: excessive debt ratios may lead to increased pressure for currency devaluations, affecting economic stability。
7. A
Analysis: data security legislation promotes the strengthening of technical inputs by enterprises and promotes digital economic development。
8. B
Analysis: the green energy transformation is driven mainly by environmental protection pressures to address climate change。
9. B
Analysis: the increased educational anxiety reflects the diverse demands of society for education equity。
10. A
Analysis: antimonopoly law aims at promoting competition in the market and preventing monopolistic behaviour from harming consumer interests。
Ii. Filling in the question
1. Consumption
Income distribution
Rediscount rate
4. Artificial intelligence
5. Regionally coordinated development strategies
6. External debt service
7. Industrial policy
8. Payment efficiency
Carbon taxes
10. Redistribution reconciliation
Iii. Questions of judgement
1. X
Analysis: raising the minimum wage may discourage consumption and is inconsistent with keynesian theory。
2. ×
Analysis: the shrinking foreign trade surplus may be due to currency appreciation rather than devaluation。
3. Phew
Analysis: supply-side reforms need to be matched with demand stimulus policies to be effective。
4. Phew
Analysis: the continued inflow of international capital illustrates the country's economic attractiveness。
5. Tunnel
Analysis: tax progressiveism is a common means of reducing income disparities。
6. √
Parsing: the interest rate increases inflation but leads to an increase in unemployment, consistent with the deflation pattern。
7. ×
Analysis: the main purpose of the antimonopoly law is to prevent monopolies rather than directly protect smes。
8. √
Analysis: carbon neutrality is a long-term goal for green energy transformation。
9. Phew
The effects of the “two-declining” policy are influenced by the concept of family education。
X
Analysis: the main purpose of the digital renminbi is to increase the efficiency of payments, not to hit the underground economy。
Iv. Brief answers
1. Response: the main measures include the building of a 5g network, data centres, artificial intelligence platforms, etc., which have the effect of driving the digital transformation of industry but also increase the financial burden。
2. Response: while feasibility lies in the strength of policy support, the challenge is to balance efficiency with equity, which may inhibit market dynamism。
Response: the rationale is based on monetaryism, but interest rate reductions may lead to asset bubbles that need to be accompanied by regulatory policies。
4. Response: the policy objective is to reduce carbon emissions with measures such as subsidizing new energy enterprises and promoting energy-saving technologies。
V. Applications
1. Response: the risk is stagnating, and it is recommended that supply efficiency be improved through structural reforms, accompanied by precision regulation。
2. Response: possible trade frictions are proposed to be addressed through trade negotiations while increasing the value added of exports。
3. Response: the long-term risk is debt sustainability, and it is recommended that economic growth enhance debt-servicing capacity while optimizing the debt structure。
4. Response: there are financial risks that may improve the efficiency of payments, and it is recommended that regulations be strengthened to guard against systemic risks。
