The potato industry plays an active role in promoting agricultural development, increasing farmers' incomes and ensuring food security。
Shandong, the province of the potato industry, has an area of 2. 5 million acres, with a total production of 7 million tons and a value of about 1. 2 billion yuan。
How can the dominant industries be brighter and stronger
“in order for industry to maintain its lasting advantage, the focus on industry demand will focus on promoting efficiency gains and accelerating the generation of new qualitative productivity.” on the occasion of the spring potato harvest, the secretary-general of the shandong agricultural institute, zhang xian jun, made a presentation by inviting experts from all walks of life to gather in the town of teng state, where the potato is located, to contribute to the development of the potato industry in my province。
The area under cultivation is the largest in the second season
Tengzhou is representative
“the area under cultivation in the spring and autumn of the state of ten canton is 650,000 acres, with a production of 2. 1-2. 2 million tons and an annual production value of about $5. 9 billion. It is the largest, highest-yielding, highest- unit-priced and most efficient district in the country's second season potato area, and the most representative of the potato industry in shandong province. The question of the potato industry in the state of teng is therefore tantamount to a discussion of the shandong potato industry.” the chief expert in the potato breeding and cultivation innovation team of the vegetables institute of the shandong provincial academy of agricultural sciences and the chief of the zinan integrated test station of the national technical system of the potato industry, dong do feng, while acknowledging the advantages of the potato industry in the state of tengzhou, also raised a number of issues related to the market, variety, disease and other problems facing industrial development。
The discussion was moderated by the secretary-general of the shandong institute of agriculture, zhang chi jun (china)。
Spacing market advantage is under attack
“in recent years, the growth of potato cultivation in yunnan, guizhou and shaanxi has been rapid, with some impact on the potato industry in tenzhou.” according to dong do feng, “ten can't afford to sell potatoes because they are out of order in the country. However, this advantage has been affected in recent years by clouds and screech potatoes.”
The first is the cloudy potato, which was on the market around april, similar to that in tennessee spring. Moreover, the state of teng is a membrane cultivation, with a much lower cost of land-based cultivation, and a large area of area under cultivation and high market availability. This is also the potato from the shashi elm, which is no less productive and quality than the potato from the state of tengzhou, and which was listed at the second peak of national potato prices, mid-august. The large-scale marketing of ground potatoes in most parts of the country, such as nemont and gansu, took place in september, and the price and production of gilllin potatoes have grown particularly rapidly over the years, with 500,000 acres now. The elm potato has had a significant impact on potato stocks in the state of teng。
How to counter market shocks
Dong do feng suggested that, on the one hand, higher-quality potato varieties could be selected and grown to enhance market competitiveness. On the other hand, there is a need to find ways to conserve efficiency gains, for example, by promoting diaphragm cultivation and increasing the mechanization of cultivation and reducing manual inputs while ensuring production and quality。
There's been a disease in growing soil
“teng county, an old potato-growing area, has been growing for more than 30 years, with a serious increase in cultivation. In addition, the eutrophication of most soils, the acidization, salinization and stratification of 50 per cent of plots and the scarcity of beneficial micro-organisms are a result of the practice of fertilized and fertilized farming practices among potato farmers. The incidence of earth-borne diseases, such as scabies, yellow atrophy, moles, nematodes, nematodes, etc., is increasing year after year, and the potato farmers are caught in a vicious circle of `more fattening for production, medicine — a serious reduction in production due to endemic disease — increasing fattening, and drug use for production'。
Zhang zhang zhang zhang zhang zhang zhang, a professor at the aoshima university of agriculture and an expert in the modern agricultural potato system in shandong province, expressed his views on the problem of the endemic diseases reflected in the masquare。
In his view, the severe endemic disease of the potatoes was associated with years of heavy cultivation, with the irrational application of fertilizers, water and medicines, and with a single plant variety。
“favorita, commonly known as dutch potatoes, is currently the main plant in the state of teng, which has been growing locally for more than 30 years, indicating that it is particularly suitable for local cultivation. However, the long-term cultivation of a species in one place can easily lead to changes in soil roots microorganisms, which in turn can lead to endemic diseases.” he suggested that local efforts to introduce seed screening should lead to the creation of suitable alternative varieties, thereby reducing the risk of planting。
High manual cost of mechanization
At the meeting, mahigai also raised a general problem with the potato industry — low mechanization and high labour costs。
There is a small population in tengzhou, where the average land area per farmer is only about 0. 8 acres and some medium and large machinery is not available. Currently, 100 per cent of the next plant is manual in the planting chain. The pre-harvest period for potatoes is prone to cracking and decorated, and workers are required to scratch their heads. In the post-harvest period, although small fields can be extracted mechanically, they also require manual pick-up, grading, bags and boxes. These are calculated to cost more than $1,500 per acre and are still on the rise。
“we also have the problem of high labour costs for potato cultivation.” xiaohua yang, senior farmer at the vegetable institute of agricultural science of the city of jaining。
In 2013, yang xiaohua joined the shandong potato industry technology system and is currently mainly involved in research on potato breeding and cultivation techniques. She informed journalists that local cultivation is very ageing, lacks strong labour and has high labour costs. During the potato harvest, a worker works 6-7 hours a day at a labour cost of up to $280-300. Growers urgently need small- and medium-scale planting and harvesting machinery. “the degree of mechanization of potatoes is much greater than that of maize, wheat and rice. According to national statistics, the mechanization of potatoes is only about 40 per cent. The state has also increased its research and development inputs into the mechanization of potatoes as the foodization of potato owners advances.” the senior engineer of the shandong institute for scientific research in agricultural machinery, a key member of the hwang huaihai modern agricultural equipment laboratory of the ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, and the secretary-general of the shandong agricultural machinery institute, shin zhisheng, said that。
The experts had a lively discussion。
The introduction of varieties is highly blind and windy
During the meeting, yang xiaohua also referred in particular to the blind and windy phenomenon of seeding potato farmers。
“a number of potato farmers go to buy potato seeds and they recommend them, often without ideas. It's not right to plant this species until after planting.” yang xiaohua says。
In response, the secretary-general of the new potato industry association of the state of tengzhou, xuxidong, also spoke。
“most growers are not particularly aware of seeds, and what they grow mainly follows them. Some farmers have several different types of soil but still choose a single species at the time of selection rather than a targeted choice.” xuxidong said that many distributors exaggerate when introducing varieties, fertilizers and pesticides, driven by interests. There are also those who, under the banner of subsidies, try to fertilize and drug their meals, often resulting in overdose. This will require greater regulation by the relevant authorities, together with increased training of growers。
“most of the potato farmers are women and the elderly, who have limited capacity to receive new knowledge. The current new type of vocational farmer training, which takes more than seven days to leave the home, is unacceptable to farmers in general. But they must be trained in science and technology at multiple levels if efficiency gains are to be made。
"the variety is the best." yao deong, president of the shandong potato association, had his own views on the choice of varieties, and he believed that the dutch potatoes were the most suitable species in the state of teng. Local potato farmers are familiar with this variety and have more sophisticated farming techniques. Second, locally produced dutch potatoes are particularly popular in places such as shanghai。
“shanghai people like to eat potato silk, and in 2022, the shanghai city government commissioned a third party to study in tenzhou, which, frankly, we planted low levels of dutch potato sodium, which is very thin, and has a fragrance. I think since the potato is famous for herbs, it's perfectly possible to write on herbs。
We need strong chains and long chains
Deep processing is an important way to increase the value added of agricultural products, but low amounts and high unit prices of dried potatoes in the state of teng are clearly not feasible for simple starch processing of in situ extraction materials. A number of suggestions were made。
“in cities, people's lives are moving faster and the demand for fresh vegetables is increasing.” tung ta, a member of the team that collects and stores the effects of the food science and engineering faculty of shandong agricultural university, and a member of the team that has been working with the potato industry in shandong province, has taken the special feature that potatoes in tenzhou are more suitable for cooking。
The head of the team for the processing and storage of innovation in fruit and vegetables at the agricultural institute of shandong province, and wang yansheng, director of the national alliance for scientific and technological innovation in the food and drug congenital industry, recommended that the main eating applications and health-care functions of potatoes be dug up and that more functional staple food products and health-care drinks be developed。
Compared to the recommendations of the two experts, the deep processing of potatoes has been put into practice by tengzhou city's north bunkered flour company ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the “north tarkage”). The company participants described the fact that, using the advantage of the teng state market, which now sells raw materials throughout the country, they had built deep potato processing workshops in 2021 to produce potato sodium with the presence of secondary potatoes. Production workshops were fully operational in 2023. This year, with improved techniques, they can pollinate as much as 9. 5 per cent, without decomposition。
“we will then use our resources to make biofertilizers using the mashed potatoes and water from deep processing, and to make the best use of our resources, while preserving the environment.” the participant from kitakura said。
Public newspaper, rural reporter, ji feiyan
