To raise awareness of aids, the world health organization designated 1 december of each year as world aids day in january 1988 and called on countries and international organizations to organize activities on that day to promote and spread knowledge about aids prevention。
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Little knowledge about aids
What is aids?
Aids is a serious infectious disease with a high rate of morbidity and mortality, and its full medical name is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). This name expresses three definitions:
First, accessibility: an indication that the causes of the disease are acquired rather than acquired, and that they are infectious diseases caused by hiv
(b) second, immuno-deficiency: mainly because the virus causes damage to the human immune system, the protective function of the immune system is reduced and lost
Thirdly, syndrome: indicates complex symptoms associated with multiple systems of opportunistic infections and tumours due to immuno-deficiency in clinical symptoms。
2. What is the difference between infected and aids patients?
It takes time for hiv to reproduce when it enters the human body. In the initial phase, the immune function of those infected has not been severely compromised, and thus there are no obvious symptoms, and we call them hiv infected. When the immune function of the infected person is destroyed to a certain extent, the other strains take advantage of it and the infected person becomes aids-infected. From people living with hiv to people living with aids, it can take months to years, typically 8 to 10 years, up to 19 years。
3. How do healthy people become infected with hiv?
Aids is transmitted mainly through sexual contact, blood and mother-to-child transmission。
Can aids be treated?
Although aids is not cureable, it is treatable。
Aids should be treated in a timely and proactive manner, and pneumonia should be treated in a timely manner; the flu should be treated with urgency. Moreover, anti-viral treatments are available and, while not completely eliminating the hiv virus in the body, their reproduction can be effectively inhibited, thereby significantly increasing the longevity of people living with hiv。
What are the symptoms of aids?
From hiv infection to the development of aids patients, there are three periods: (1) acute infections. It usually occurs two to six weeks after hiv infection. In the form of heat, throat pains, lymphoma swollenness, rashes, etc., generally receded for about two weeks. Not all people, however, have a significant acute infection period, with a rate of about 50-75 per cent. The infection is contagious。
(2) unsymptomatic period of infection. This is characterized by the absence of visible symptoms and the period of incubation of aids. People living with hiv during the incubation period, also known as people living with hiv, have an hiv-positive rate of almost 100 per cent。
(3) aids period. This is reflected in systemic symptoms, such as persistent irregular hypothermia; persistent lymphoma swollenness, especially in the upper part of the body except in the groin, which is usually one centimetre in size, without pain; persistent chronic diarrhoea; loss of body weight of more than 10 per cent within three months; haemorrhage, which first occurs at night, then develops into daytime; extreme fatigue, loss of memory, repeated headaches, slow reaction and even dementia; pneumonia, tuberculosis, entericitis and even tumours. Hiv-positive。
6. Will people living with hiv die immediately?
Hiv infection does not kill immediately. The longer the incubation period, the longer the lives of people living with hiv. Therefore, those infected with hiv must not abandon themselves, but find ways to slow down the epidemic. People living with hiv can live and work in the same way as normal people, as long as they do not reach the onset of the disease。
7. How to prevent the sexual transmission of hiv?
Prevention of hiv transmission through sexual behaviour requires safe sex. One is that there is only one sex partner who is loyal to each other and who is not infected with aids; the other is that condoms are used correctly in every sexual life。
8. Can sexually transmitted diseases increase the likelihood of hiv infection?
Yeah. Because many sexually transmitted diseases cause reproductive tract inflammation or ulcer, deface skin or mucous membrane. If sexual intercourse with a person infected with hiv occurs at that time, the hiv virus in the semen of the other person or in the vaginal gland enters the body through broken skin or mucous membranes. As a result, people with sexually transmitted diseases are more likely than the general population to become infected with and transmit aids. Access to hospitals is the most reliable way to detect sexually transmitted diseases if there is a fear of contracting them. When sexually transmitted diseases occur, they should be treated in hospitals as soon as possible and must not be mistreated or treated by street doctors, which can delay and lead to untold suffering. Others do not provide full treatment as required by a doctor, but stop treating themselves as soon as the symptoms disappear, which often does not provide a full cure and may lead to serious complications。
9. Properly understanding condoms
Condoms are both contraceptive and preventive of diseases and aids. However, only the correct use of qualified condoms is safe. The following should be noted in the use of condoms: (1) identify the manufacturer, and the duration. Condom packagings will indicate the manufacturer and date of production and the duration of use. The failure to identify these condoms may be unsatisfactory. (2) expired condoms are not usable, colours are yellowened or rubbers are rigid。
10. How can condoms be used correctly?
(1) take care of the duration of the condom, the manufacturer, the certificate of certification
(2) preparation of two or more condoms capable of immediate replacement if the condom breaks in the course of sexual life
(3) carefully tear the bags and be careful not to break condoms
(4) squeeze the ball at the top of the condom with one hand and gradually spread the condom to the root of the penis with the other hand
(5) placing condoms before the penis is erection without contact with the other party's sexual organs, thus effectively avoiding contact with body fluids
(6) the condom is removed immediately after ejaculation if the penis is not soft. (b) hold the condom in one hand, carefully withdraw, tie the condom, avoid spills of semen and prevent vaginal fluids from reaching their hands
(7) a condom may only be used once and cannot be repeated. Used condoms should be properly handled, such as toilet paper, and thrown into the trash can。
How do drug users become infected with hiv?
Drug users often share syringes and needles. If one of them is infected with hiv, the syringe will be contaminated and the virus will be transmitted through needles to other drug users. In addition, drugs reduce the health of drug users and increase the likelihood of hiv infection and morbidity。
12. How to prevent aids during blood transfusions?
Blood transfusions create many miracles of survival. However, if hiv-borne blood is imported, almost none of the people who receive it will become infected. Ensuring the safety of blood transfusions and blood products is therefore an important barrier to preventing the transmission of hiv through blood. We now have legal provisions requiring all medical blood to be tested against hiv, and ensuring safe use of blood is the responsibility of the health sector。
(1) avoid unnecessary blood transfusions as much as possible。
(2) if blood transfusion is necessary, there is a right to know if the blood has been tested for hiv。
(3) do not use blood products blindly for so-called “additional resistance”。
Why promote voluntary blood donation?
Blood is an essential and vital substance in life. Many patients need blood or blood products to save lives. How do you guarantee the quality of blood? This requires people to go to a regular blood station for voluntary blood donation. All blood donors are examined at regular blood stations and those who do not qualify are eliminated. Only then will the blood be clean and the blood be safe. In that sense, a blood donor who gives blood without pay not only gives a heart to the blood donor, but also contributes to the control of the spread of aids in our country。
14. Are hiv infections common daily contact?
Daily contact is not contagious with hiv. The following acts do not spread the virus: (1) handshakes, hugs, caressings, courtesy kisses with people living with hiv; (2) eating with people living with hiv, drinking drinks and sharing chopsticks, cups。
