Causes
Static phenomena (figure 2)
Any substance is made of a combination of atoms whose basic structures are protons, neutrons and electrons. Scientists define protons as positive electricity, neutrons with no electricity and electrons with negative electricity. Under normal conditions, the number of protons at an atom is the same as the number of electrons, with a positive and negative power balance, so that it displays non-electricity. But external effects, such as friction or in various forms of energy, such as kinetic energy, bit energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, etc., can cause positive and negative power imbalances at the atomic level. What is said in daily life is essentially a process of constant contact and separation. In some cases, the absence of friction can also generate static electricity, such as sensory static start-up, thermal and voltage start-up, the hemhotsi layer, jet start-up, etc. When any two objects of different materials are exposed and separated, electrostatic electricity is generated, and the general method of producing electrostatic electricity is friction of raw electricity. The better the insulation of materials, the easier it is to generate static electricity. Because the air is also made up of atoms, it can be said that static power can be generated at any time and in any place people live. It is almost impossible to completely eliminate static electricity, but some measures can be taken to control it so that it is not harmful。
Static electricity is created by the redistribution of the charge by friction, and also by the redistribution of the charge by the mutual attraction of the charge. In general, the positive charge of the atomic core is equal to the negative charge of the electronics and is balanced and therefore is not electrostatic. However, when electronics are de-orbited by external forces, creating an imbalanced electronic distribution, such as the physical friction of electricity, is a process that creates a positive or negative charge imbalance. When two different objects come into contact with each other and friction with each other, the electronic transfer of one object to another carries a positive charge because of a lack of electronics, while the other body receives some remaining electronic objects with a negative charge and the object carries static electricity。
The so-called static charge is a static charge or a non-mobile charge (a current is created by a mobile charge). When the charge is concentrated on or on the surface of an object, electrostatic power is formed, and the charge is divided into a positive charge and a negative charge, i. E. Electrostatic phenomena are also divided into two types: positive and negative. When the positive charge is concentrated on an object, the positive static power is formed, when the negative charge is concentrated on an object, but whether it is positive or negative, when the object with the static charge comes into contact with a zero-point object (earth object) or with an object with a different level of power, that is, when we see spark discharge on a daily basis. In the north, for example, the weather is dry and the human body is prone to electrostatics, which occur when exposed to other persons or metal conductors. People can feel electrocuted needles, and sparks can be seen at night, which is the reason why fibre-optic clothing and body frictions are carried with static power. We know about rubber sticks and fur frictions, rubber sticks with negatives and fur belts。
Static electricity is not static electricity, but electricity that is temporarily parked somewhere on the macro. When people rise on carpets or couches, human voltage can also be higher than 10,000 volts, while static electricity in the rubber and plastic film industries can be as high as 100,000 volts。
The static process
The substance is composed of molecules consisting of atoms consisting of electrons with a negative charge and protons with a positive charge. Under normal conditions, the number of protons at an atom is the same as the number of electrons, with a positive or negative balance, so that it displays non-electricity externally. But the electron orbits around the atomic core, deorbiting from the original atom a and entering other atoms, the atoms of a carry positive electrical phenomena by reducing the number of electrons, known as the anion; the atoms of b carry negative electrical phenomena by increasing the number of electrons, known as the anion. The imbalance in the electronic distribution is caused by electron deorbiting due to external forces, which contain a variety of energy (e. G. Kinetic energy, bit energy, heat energy, chemical energy, etc.) that can produce static electricity in everyday life when any two different materials are exposed and separated. When two different objects come into contact with each other, one object loses some charge, e. G. Electronic transfer to another to carry a positive charge, while another object receives some remaining electronic object with negative charge. If the charge is difficult to reconcile during the separation, the charge accumulates to bring the object with static. So when the object is in contact with other objects, it is separated with static power. It is typically a typical “exposure separation” when a plastic film is removed from an object, and it is also “exposure separation” when electrostatic stripping occurs in daily life. Solids, liquids and even gases are separated by exposure with static power. This is because the gas is also made up of molecules, atoms, and when the air flows, molecules, atoms are also “exposed to separation” and electricity is generated. We all know that electricity is rubbed up, and we rarely hear about it. In essence, friction is a process of exposure and separation that creates a positive or negative charge imbalance. The friction is a continuous process of contact and separation. Therefore, the friction is essentially exposure to separation. In everyday life, various types of objects may produce static electricity as a result of movement or friction. Another common start is the induction. When electrical objects are approaching non-electric objects, negative and positive electricity are detected at both ends of the non-electric conductor。
Type characteristics
Static electricity (figure 2)
In the sixth century b. C., man discovered amber. After friction, “static phenomena” can attract light objects. This is the electricity of a free charge that passes between objects. In addition, small sparks generated when silk or wool frictions are the effect of the sum of the charge. “ray power” is natural because the accumulation of positive and negative charges in clouds is intensely neutral, resulting in light, thunder, heat。
The electrostatic phenomenon includes many examples of nature, such as attraction between plastic bags and hands, seemingly spontaneous barn explosions, damage to electronic components during manufacture, the operation of photocopying machines, etc. When the surface of an object is exposed to other surfaces, the charge is concentrated on the surface of the object as static. Although the charge exchange is due to the exposure and separation of two surfaces, the effect of the charge exchange is noted only when the resistance of one surface is high and the current changes are small. Because the charge will be placed on that surface, where it will last long enough for the effects to be observed。
The electrostatic phenomenon is created by static power, where the spot charge interacts with each other. Cullen law describes the physical nature of static power. In hydrogen atoms, electrons interact with protons with static power exceeding 10,000 gravity, and static electricity is 40 times the magnitude of 10,000 gravity。
Main impacts
The hazards of electrostatic power are numerous, and its first harm arises from the interaction of the carrying body. In the printing plant, electrostatic power between paper pages can bind together, make it difficult to separate and cause printing difficulties; in the pharmaceutical plant, electrostatic dust attracts the drugs below standard purity levels; on television, electrostatic on the surface of the screen can easily absorb dust and oil, creating a thin film of dust, reducing the clarity and brightness of the images; and, in the case of fabricated clothing, the dust that is common and not easily removed is also a ghost of static electrocution. The second major hazard to electrostatic power is the possibility of an explosion due to the ignition of certain flammable objects by electrostatic sparks. In the dark of the night, when people take off nylons and sweaters, the sound of sparks and "bong" is largely harmless to the human body. On the operating table, however, electric sparks cause an anaesthesia explosion, causing injury to doctors and patients, and in the coal mine, they cause a gas explosion, causing death and injury to workers and the end of the mine. In summary, electrostatic hazards result from the use of electric power and electrostatic sparks, and the most severe electrostatic hazards cause fires and explosions of flammable materials. It is often said that prevention is imminent and that measures to prevent the generation of static electricity are generally to reduce current speed and flow, to modify the process chain that is highly electrical and to introduce less electrical equipment. The simplest and most reliable method is to land the equipment with a guide, so that the charge can be brought to the ground and static accumulation avoided. Careful passengers are likely to find out that when the tip of both wings of the aircraft and the tail of the aircraft are fitted with electric brushes, and when the aircraft lands, in order to prevent the passengers from getting electrocuted when they leave the aircraft, most of the aircraft rises and falls on the shelf with specially designed ground tyres or wires; and by releasing the static charge generated by the aircraft in the air. We also often see a chain in the back of the tanker, which is the ground line. An appropriate increase in the humidity of the working environment, allowing the charge to be released at any time, could also effectively eliminate static power. It's not easy to do electrostatic experiments in wet weather. Anti-static agents studied by scientists can well eliminate electrostatic within the insulation. But everything has two sides. For static power as a covert troublemaker. It can also serve humanity, as long as it has a temper and a distance. For example, electrostatic stamping, electrostatic spraying, electrostatic velvet, electrostatic dust removal and electrostatic selection techniques have been widely used in industrial production and life. Static power has also begun to become visible in many areas, such as desalination of seawater, spraying of pesticides, artificial rainfall, low-temperature refrigeration and even the installation of electrostatic devices such as electrostatic additives on spacecraft。
The accumulation of static power is inevitable. When electrostatics are severe, they burn human skin, and electrical electromagnetic waves and harmful rays disrupt human endocrine systems. As the standard of living of the population and the awareness of environmental protection has increased, the application of electrostatic metal cloths has grown, and garments such as those for professional, industrial and protective clothing have become more widely available. As a result, antistatic metal cloths have erupted as a star product on the fabric market. Recent market developments have shown that static sheeting has been used in many developed countries in the area of household slinging, such as bed covers, pavements and mats. Demand is enormous and orders are constant. However, there are three conditions for producers. First, products meet the importer's target requirements. Secondly, the reprocessing process needs to pass. Third, weave it on a broad-banded machine. In japan and europe, the majority of the orders are made. There is also some sales in the domestic northern market. There is no doubt that the market for electrostatic metal sheeting is promising。
Hazards in industry
The generation of electrostatic power is inevitable in industrial production, and the resulting hazards can be attributed mainly to the following two mechanisms:
