On march 7th, xinhua beijing, xinhua daily telegraph published a report entitled “two bowls of vegetable seeds, a good bowl of oil” in 10 years — the oil contained in some 50 per cent of the oil varieties selected by the cherries team, with a cumulative spread of over 30 million acres。
"every vegetable they grow is a medal for me!" chrysanthemum laughs。
In china's main oil and vegetable-producing areas, such as sichuan basin, jianghan plain and kajiang, farmers harvest full and round oil and vegetable seeds around may each year and experience good harvests. Many of these oilseeds are innovative varieties developed by walnuts。
Zhuang chongqing was a researcher at the chongqing agricultural institute and a leading expert in the chongqing oil and vegetable industry. She often said that the farmers wanted to be targeted at the needs of the country. Better knowledge of market demand and greater listening to farmers ' ideas will make breeding more efficient and more targeted。
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Chongqing agricultural school researcher zhuang zhuang tzu observed the growth of oilseed varieties at the qin oil 3 planting base. Xinhua news agency reporter tang chun
“screech the land, with two bells on the top”, so that farmers can collect more seed oil and bring them real silver and silver, and so that the people can be safe and sound。
The excellent varieties of the festivities no. 3 and no. 8 developed by the team of researchers led by the vealnuts have broken the bottleneck of traditional oils, “3-chip seeds to extract a pound of oil” and achieved the target of “2-chip seeds to extract a pound of oil”, which contains about 50 per cent of the oil. The cumulative area covered by the qin oil series in the main oil and vegetable production areas of the yangtze river basin is over 30 million acres, and over 6 million acres annually。
"the owner of the oil-grain is in our hands!" she said that efforts were still being made to produce more quality chinese oil, so that as many chinese oil as possible would be contained in the bottles。
"you can't produce a good variety of oil and vegetables."
In 2009, the tungsten cuisine graduated from the master's degree in crop genetics and breeding at the university of south-west china and entered the agricultural school in chongqing. What kind of seed should she have
The head of the compound spoke to her about what farmers needed and what we did。
What kind of oilseed do farmers need? With this problem in mind, seed promotion operators from farming enterprises under the agricultural institute of quantuan and chongqing city ran the field and ran the market. When you see the growers, ask, "what do you care about growing oil and vegetables?"
“of course, one is high production, two is more oil!” the simple answer for farmers is complicated. Vegetable production and oil content are the same as crop-quantity genes. In the past, a number of breeders in the industry considered it difficult to harmonize indicators of “high and high production”。
"to break through the mind and grow into different oils, both productive and oily!" the first walnuts were stubborn and set themselves up seemingly harsh targets。
Small-scale oilseed varieties are grown in such a way as to pollinate different but complementary varieties of genetic diversity and to select new varieties for which they are needed in a better or worse way. In the industry, anyone understands the logic of breeding, but it depends on who can withstand loneliness, hard work and hard work。
This is a difficult start for breeding: more than 10 acres in the oilseed test field, and the project scientists are alone. The walnuts are plowed on a “one person plus more than 10 acres”. The small test field was carefully divided into more than 1,000 units, each of which inserted its own “identity card”. Like a sweet nanny, walnuts take care of 50 seedlings in each unit, from seedlings, seedlings, plantings to harvests. Is the vegetable sick? What is the demand for fertilizer? Is the seeding period consistent? All have a record. Most of the work is done by themselves, with the exception of a few small jobs for the festival。
Scientific agriculture is more cumbersome than many people think. The most exhausting is the artificial pollination of oily vegetables. "the farmers grow oilseeds, which are pollinated by hard-working bees." according to walnuts, however, they grow to pollinate on their own strength, “when the cabbage buds are not open, keep the petals apart with their croquettes, cut down the male, and then put on a mix of another plant of pollen”。
It takes two or three thousand combinations at a time, one of which has a variety of buds, so that the same process of artificial powdering is repeated tens of thousands of times, bending over in the ground and passing by one stop a day。
"it is impossible to produce a good variety of oilseeds." in order to buy time for scientific research, walnuts drilled into the great trench in winning county, guizhou, with breeding materials. There is no place to live at the seeding test site, and local farmers are rented their home. The farmers' beams were full of corn, and every night, rats ran around. The next day i woke up and the covers were full of little corn dregs..
In yunan lok district, the seeds of the test site were sowed that the seeds were soared that they could not germinate. The farmers' own canals were also squeezing for water, and the walnuts were standing around saying that they could not divide, and tears began to turn in their eyes. In the end, the water was distributed and the oil and vegetables were saved
She repeats her work day after day, year after year。
"five years of grinding out two bowls of seeds and a bowl of oil."
The process of breeding is dry and painful. “the materials screened in the lab were thought to be good, but the next one, which may be strange, with a lot of illness, some voltage, some of which are low oil content ...” according to walnuts, the collection, identification, evaluation, and production of well-developed breeding materials, which are often “straw needles”, can only be repeated。
Chongqing agricultural school researcher zhuang tzu tzu was experimenting in the molecular marking room. Xinhua news agency reporter tang chun
In 2013, the walnut ceremonial oil 3 cultivation entered a critical phase. No matter how far the road may go and how bumpy the mountain road may be, she has travelled through the oil and vegetable production areas of more than 10 provinces and cities throughout the country and has persisted in the fields。
In november of this year, a two-month pregnant twig went to guizhou to observe the seedlings. She didn't have her own technical team at the time, and each demonstration point ran by itself. She remembers to date that her pregnancy response was severe at that time, but that the test data were not available. On one occasion, she had to board a green train leaving at more than 10 p. M. With a standing ticket in her hand。
“as soon as we get on a crowded train, the smell of all sorts is overwhelming. Soon after, my stomach began to roll over, and a moment of disgust left me sweating and suffering every minute.” the walnuts were hard for nine hours in the night。
The next day, at noon, he finally arrived at the test field. She measured each of the roots, the height of the seed, and carefully counted the number of leaves. "the growth data are normal, and the bottom is in the heart. Both legs are swollen, but this trip is worth it."
The day before the autopsy, she was still working in the base test field. When the child was released from the hospital on the third day of his/her life and returned to his/her home, she/he was informed to write a certified declaration on the national variety no. 3, which would take another year if she/he did not catch up。
"there's no substitute for this. I'll do it myself." with the pain of the post-partum wounds, the walnuts entered their working condition. "damn it, your eyes hurt, and you can't read the words on the computer screen." the walnuts had to lie on the folding chair and come up and write it again and again。
The husband who was waiting for her was in pain and stopped her from doing it. Quake refused, "gin 3 is my "child" too, and research has been going on for years, and it's going to be "birth."。
There is no break in breeding. Just 40 days after the birth of the child, the walnuts took him with them and lived together in a small temporary research house on the edge of the field. There was no door to the room and a bed sheet was put up to make a simple compartment; the work gap was to find an empty place to nurse the land. The children grow up day by day by day by the fields of oil and the new varieties of cucumbers grow with careful care and maturity
After 10 years of continuous efforts, the quake led the development of quake no. 3, with 49. 96 per cent of the volume of oil, through such processes as species declarations, breeding tests, expert validation rankings and national validations, achieving progress from “three bowls of oil” to “two bowls of oil”. It's been produced since then
"the breeder can't say "almost."
A “failed species” — the quince 5 — was produced by the pecan。
Starting in 2013, it began well, with the production of acres, which was more than 20 per cent higher than the usual oil and vegetable varieties, during the test planting of the qingqing and sichuan regions。
This new species, which is expected, “falls down” when it comes to the yunanyan seed test. A big wind blew down almost all the qin5 in the test field. After careful rewinding, it was found that while the +5 oils were thick and high-yielding, the problems were more pronounced when the oils were grown long, had shallow roots and had a weak capacity to reverse the fall, especially in a climate of wind and soil estration。
At that time, jubilee no. 5 was in the process of validation, and while some felt that the new species was of a dominant character and could be further advanced by “facilityless yoga”, walnuts withdrew the information without hesitation。
“we should be grateful that, in the process of breeding, some hidden panels were discovered in advance.” “the last thing a breeder can't say is `almost enough', and the unstable species must not be pushed to the market”
Frustration never fails. The cucumbers were then based on the jubilee no. 5, where genetic tests were used to find anti-volatile varieties and improve them. The crystal oil 1 was subsequently listed as a “nova” for oil with high production, high oil content and anti-voltage。
In 2014, the jubilee 1 was officially on the market, with high yields and suitable for light and simple cultivation; in 2015, the jubilee 2 was prematured and suitable for a rice tanker; in 2016, the jubilee 3 contained 49. 96 per cent oil; in 2020, the crystal 1 contained high oil volumes, resistance and resistance; in 2021, the jubilee 1 was resistant to root swollen disease; an innovative species was recognized by farmers and accepted by the market。
In the eyes of the walnuts, to push a door to the cuisine breeds a wonder world, and to dig out a “precious treasure”, the door must not close for scientific research, “in order for innovation to be made faster and more stable by seeking to be taught and by others”。
In 2009, zhuang cui learned that the head of the seed station in kweng county, shaanxi khan city, mastered the “skilling” of a hybrid oil vegetable chemistry to the male, “if it is mastered, it will save many parts of the man-to-man life and produce much more efficiently”. In order to learn trades, walnuts come to the door three times, and every time they look at the station master and are busy on the ground, they sit around silently and don't talk much, waiting for time to be allowed to ask their own questions。
Others are teaching, and they're trying to figure it out. What kind of recipe would be appropriate, and walnuts try it over and over again, with their own sprayers on their backs, and take a note of the test data. “the problems i've encountered in the course of my learning exchange have also been encountered, and we all have a scientific resonance. He taught me, and he felt very successful."
Over the years, the cucumber technologist team has also worked with relevant expert teams, including the china agricultural institute of oil crops and the chinese university of agriculture, using cutting-edge techniques to assist with breeding, using molecular markers, and has continued to focus on issues such as the development of small and fissure-resistant plantations and the improvement of the mechanization of oil and vegetable harvesting。
“scientific research aimed at the needs and aspirations of the nation”
In 2006, quantico was also a biology teacher at a secondary school in hubei province and has been teaching for five years。
One day, she saw a report entitled " a seed to rewrite the history of the world's oil vegetables " , which described the case of a seed breeder, professor ligana of the university of south-west agriculture (now south-west university), who combined yellow seeds, high yields, high oils, two lows, to create a technological system for the breeding of butterseeds。
Read the story, the walnuts are shaking. When she grew up in the countryside, she instinctively thought that oilseeds were black, "i didn't think that the colour of oilseeds could change through breeding, which was amazing!"
176 retrospect: reread the classics, the blood battle awaits you
This is the "gin 3" oil vegetable variety. Xinhua news agency reporter tang chun
And so, the walnuts report to professor ligana, and the magical world of vegetable breeding has opened its doors to her. For more than a decade, walnuts have maintained a sense of curiosity, drive and achievement in the breeding of oil and vegetables。
When research is carried out in the countryside, cars travel between the flats and the fields, and walnuts are able to recognize their “children” accurately. The sun is pouring out in the field of the groceries, far away as a golden ocean。
An old farmer in his 60s who had heard that walnuts were breeders, turned around and left in the field of the qin no. 3. While she was wondering, the old farmer ran back with a bunch of flowers. He stated that he had been growing herbs for life and had never grown a variety as oiled as qin oil 3, which had allowed him to sell more money. "see the farmers choosing my product, endorsing my product, my happiness shed," says walnut。
In retrospect, in order to hold the chinese oil bottles firmly, successive generations of vegetable breeders struggled to climb the technological peaks: in the 1970s and 1980s, our average acre production was just over 100 pounds, and the production of acres increased dramatically by innovatively closing three sets of hybrids, represented by chinese engineers and professor fu tin dang of the chinese university of agriculture. Before and after the year 2000, the vegetable breeders focused on complex issues and developed two low-yield vegetables, which greatly improved the health of the vegetable oils ..
In recent years, our oilseeds have grown steadily over 100 million acres. In chinese bottles, vegetable oil is a very heavy "set star"。
Central i of 2023 proposed the integration of comprehensive support measures for oilseeds, the introduction of rice tankers and the intensive development of oilseeds from winter fields. According to quilé, central i is also a “command stick” for agricultural scientists, both as a pressure and a motivation. There is a new direction for targeting scientific research to the needs of the country and for the population to develop “different oilseeds”。
In the main areas of our winter oil and vegetable production, oil and vegetables are generally harvested in early may, when some areas are late in planting rice, affecting the space of the rice tanker. “we are trying to cultivate pre-maturized varieties, with the harvest due about 15 days in advance, until mid-april, so that more can be released when staggered rice-planted agriculture is being staggered.” "if this technology breaks down, chongqing alone will have more than a million acres of winter standing fields to be used for vegetable growing
At the beginning of this year, the walnut tech team successfully screened a collection of more than 40 pre-cooked materials from the chongqing oil and vegetable collections, which were produced for approximately 180 days. This also means that the walnuts and the team are entering a new breeding phase in the study of new varieties of pre-maturized, oil-rich oil-capable oils..
