In the high cold, the drug is domesticated with dragons
Ho, wait
Gentiana scabra bunge is a multi-year herbal plant, a traditional medicine in our country, which has the effect of irritating and damp, larvae, etc. Dynamic drugs are highly effective and are increasingly used in the clinical and health-care areas of chinese medicine, and market demand continues to grow. The limited resources of wild dragons make artificial seeding a key way to mitigate the conflict between the supply and demand of wild dragons, in order to prevent their over-exploration and to avoid the destruction of habitats. The dragons, the groove, the cold, the half-dry, the cool of 25°c, are suitable for artificial cultivation in high-cold areas. The cold climate and the low incidence of pests and diseases in high-cold areas are conducive to high-quality cultivation of drug-based urchins. However, environmental conditions such as low temperatures and drought place higher demands on dragon-braining techniques in high-cold areas. Accordingly, this paper focuses on the development of key planting techniques in high-hot areas with the use of dragons to attract key planting techniques, the systematic study of key planting links such as seedling screening, seedling breeding, scientific planting, field management, and the construction of a system of urchin-standardized cultivation techniques for high-hot areas, and the promotion of the pharmaceutical industry in high-host areas。
1 cast screening
There are more than 400 types of dragons in the world, and there are about 250 in china, and four sources of authentic products in the chinese pharmacy: gentiana manshurica, gentianatriflora, gentiana rigescens and gentiana scabria. Different species of dragon choreology have different characteristics, and in order to plant in high-cold areas, it is necessary to select the bold species that are suitable for climate and soil conditions in high-cold areas. The selection of the appropriate species of dragon courage, based on the principle of tailor-made behaviour, is the basis for the success of the seeding of the dragon in the high cold。
Precedence is given to the species of dragons originating at high altitudes or at high latitudes, to local perigee populations, which are more suited to the local climate and have a higher survival rate than non-local populations. The genre of dragons suitable for the north-east region is the result of a leaf (north-east urchin), the urchin of three flowers, and the urchin of dragons suitable for the cold regions of the south。
2. Cultivating seedlings
2. 1 cropping
Choosing to grow a strong dragon for more than three years, leaving three to five flowers per seed will remove the surplus. The turn of the chore of the dragon into yellow and the breaking of the top of the petals represent the maturity of the chore of the dragon, usually from late september to mid-october. The fruit is harvested as soon as it matures, and a part of the earth's gallows is cut off and then tied into a small pile of tan. Leaning around 7d removes the fruit and can be hit with a wooden stick. Seeds are collected to remove impurities, such as leaves, and to dry them up from 4 to 5 d, and then collected and stored in the cool air。
2. 2 land selection
The dragon has the courage to enjoy a well-soiled, wet environment, and it is desirable to select plots of land that are wet, well-silent, fertile and sandy. To facilitate later management and seedlings, nursery grounds should be flat. In order to ensure that dragons grow with courage and strength, it is advisable to avoid the wind. And the nursery land is not endangered by night frost and hail during the dragon's gall。
Before seeding, the soil is fully and finely ploughed at more than 20 cm, and each acre (approximately 667 m2, down) is applied to 6,500 kg of fully fertilized farm fats, ammonium phosphate at 16. 5 kg, with a lined-up bed. Slender bed width, height (1-1. 2) mx (0. 1-0. 15) m. A 50-cm-wide walkway between adjacent nursery beds to facilitate future manual management and seedlings。
2. 3 seeding
The seeding of dragons in the high cold areas could take place in mid-may or in october. Before seeding, over 12 h of 50 mg/kg cactinated water solution was impregnated, and 70 per cent of the 80-fold densen manganese zinc was impregnated with 15 min, and two to three times with clean water. The seeds are spread to dry outside。
The seed will need to be mixed with fine sand, with a sand scale of 1:3, sowing or barging on the seedbed. In the spring, 0. 5 to 0. 8 kg per acre and in the autumn 0. 8 to 1 kg per acre are planted. After planting in the spring, the cover must be spread evenly and not exposed. Repression after planting in the fall covers pine needles, covering 1 to 3 cm thick, with no surface。
2. 4 shrimp management
When 50 per cent of dragons sow, 50 per cent of the cover is removed. When 80 per cent of dragons sow, the whole cover is removed. When two pairs of real leaves grow, weeding is done in a timely manner during the reproductive period, i. E. Weeding and early weeding, with a further two weedings at 15-20 d intervals. After seeding, the wetness of the bed surface is maintained at 70 per cent, after seeding it is maintained at 50 to 60 per cent between the four real leaves, and between five and six needles at the end of the fall, the wetness of the bed surface at 40 per cent. Overtly dense seedbeds provide better ventilation and generally leave 1,500 plants per square metre. Water should be poured out before the bed is frozen. The fragrance of dragons is forbidden by strong light, and the bed should be covered with sunnets, with 1 m of balconies built and lumbered at 60 per cent, avoiding strong light-burning leaves. In late october, a year of dragon-born seedlings will use leaves and straw to cover temperature protection at a thickness of 2-3 cm。
3. Plantation techniques
3. 1 land selection
In the high cold areas, the courage of dragons can be planted in the open or in the wild. In the field, the soil is thick, fertile and ph 6-7 plots. Under-forest cultivation choice is less than 0. 5 desolation, tree line 2 m, slope
3. 2 deplantation
Choose one to two years of healthy seedling migration. The seedlings were raised in late april of the following year to avoid damage to the root systems, and the seedlings were stored in the cellars and prepared for planting。
The field planting can be moved from late april to early may or late september to early october. One year old, the dragon was born with courage and planted at a distance of 8-10 cm x 15-20 cm, with 50,000 to 55,000 plants per acre. Two years of dragon seedlings were planted at a distance of 10 cm x 20 cm, with around 50,000 plants per acre. Planted 10-15 cm deep, watered in time. Under-forest cultivation was appropriate for the period from late may to early june. It's a deep 10-15 cm. Each 7 to 10 cm gap is dug, 2 to 3 kiosks are planted, 13 to 14 kiosks are planted, 15 to 20 cm apart, and water is poured in time。
3. 3 field management
3. 3. 1 in may-september, chinese tillage shall be done in a timely manner and in the middle of the row, at a depth of 2-3 cm. Weeding in china improves soil aerobics and contributes to the growth of dragons。
3. 3. 2 fertilizer management dragon-laden environment, timely watering in times of drought and soil humidity. Upon entering the rainy season, attention should be paid to drainage and flood-proofing in order to avoid the root causes of the plume。
After planting the seedlings, three foliage pursuits are carried out during the leaf extension period, during the present rheumatism period and during the flowering results. If seed is not retained, the buds are removed in a timely manner when the buds are formed in august in order to avoid the consumption of root nutrients and to promote the growth of dragon chords and rods. If plant is kept, three to five flowers per plant are removed. Keep strong buds while picking them, and remove the weak buds. Under the forest underplanting model, the fall dragons boldly planted the parts of the plant to die, removing the residues of the ground and covering the surfaces with three to five centimetres of fully fertilized farm fat。
3. 4 pest management
Courage is dominated by diseases such as strangulation, lignosis and root decay, as well as pests such as larvae and larvae. Prevention and control of pests and diseases adheres to green controls, giving priority to agricultural, physical and biological methods, and the use of chemical agents requires the use of low-toxic, low-hazard and low-residual agents。
3. 4. 1 decaded diseases occur on the leaves of the gallantly ploughs, which produce near circular brown spots, dim in the middle and dark on the edge. When the disease collides, the leaves die. The disease spreads in the fields by air and rain. Stemming diseases are mainly combated by agricultural and chemical means. Agricultural control, using scientific cultivation management methods, enhances the resilience of dragons themselves and reduces the source of field bacteria. In the field, scavenging leaves and branches were removed in a timely manner. Land with past strangulation should be distributed evenly after seeding, using 50% more than 1,000 times the fungus or 10% more than 150 times the antibacterial fluid before seeding. At the onset of the disease, 50 per cent of the 500-fold dyson manganese zinc or 70 per cent of the 800-fold methyl tobuzin can be sprayed, 7-10 d turns, depending on the development of the condition, and the drug is rotated。
3. 4. 2 brown plaster, which occurs on the choreography of dragons, the core characteristic of which is the near circle of brown plasters on the affected leaves, which produce black spots when the air is wet. The disease has increased the convergence and, in serious cases, has been severed to death. Most cases of brown spots occur in the late part of may, and the rainy season is characterized by a high incidence of disease, with agricultural and chemical control appropriate. Keep the fields clean and healthy during the planting of dragons and clear them during the winter in order to reduce the source of the winter bacteria. When a strain is found in the field, 50% more than 500 times the fungus or 50% more than 1,000 times the fungus of the fungus are sprayed in time, at 10 d intervals and 2-3 times in succession。
3. 4. 3 the root causes of the disease occur on the gallows of the dragon, the roots of the victim rot, the sphinx of the disease, the atrophy of the leaves, the yellow hair and even the fall. The conditions of high temperature and humidity are conducive to the occurrence of decomposition. Agriculture and chemical control are appropriate tools for combating root causes. Agriculture should be combated, and attention should be paid to the timely removal of water from the fields during the rainy season and to reducing their humidity. The control of dragons in the field is reasonably concentrated and the ventilation is enhanced. When serious strains of disease were found in the field, the strain was removed in time for it to be destroyed outside the field. (c) plantation of dens in disease strains, using lime water to prevent the spread of bacteria. It is advisable to use 50% more than 1,000 times the liquid root of the fungus at the onset of the disease at intervals of 7-10 d and 2-3 consecutive times。
3. 4. 4 underground pests, irritants, are subterranean pests which cause the root of the dragon to weaken and even die, seriously affecting the production and quality of the plant. Agricultural and physical prevention tools are used mainly. Agricultural control should be preceded by deep soil erosion, destruction of the habitat of underground pests and reduction of their sources. Physical control, mainly by setting up black light lights in the fields, using radiant luminous and luminous light。
4 harvest
It will be harvested after two to three years, in both spring and autumn, but mainly in autumn. The root of the dragon's guts is dug out and the roots, leaves and dirt are removed. The drying of the leaves in the ventilated area is 70% dry, followed by the quenching of the dragons in small bundles of about 50 g each and continued to dry. They are stored in dry boxes until they contain less than 14 per cent of the water。
Summary
The key to the success of the development of drug-based dragon-based seeding in high-cold areas is the precision in screening controlled seed sources and in field management of key technology links, based on regional climate and soil characteristics, in order to achieve the objective of increasing the survival of seed and the quality of medicines. A follow-up study could focus on the mechanisms of domestication of good varieties and the impact of nutrition regulation on active ingredients, further refine technical systems, provide more comprehensive technical safeguards for the standardization and quality of drug-based dragon seeding and promote large-scale artificial cultivation in high-cold areas。
