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Common knowledge studies are often involved in the examination at the state examination, and the number of scientific and technological studies is even more significant. In this context, we find that some of the topics relate to the classification of fire extinguishers and their scope of application, and that they give fire types to distinguish between those that apply. So what are the common types of fire extinguishers in the examinations? What difference does it make? This is followed by public and private education leading to learning about fire extinguishers。
I. Scope of application of various types of fire extinguishers
(i) foam extinguishers
The rationale for foam fire extinguishers: unlike most fire extinguishers, there are two components within the fire extinguishers. One consists of aluminium sulphate, while the other container is filled with solution consisting of sodium carbonate. And both components are independent of the interior, which also avoids reactions between them at high temperatures. Thus, when foam extinguishers are used, the first step must be to reverse them in such a way that both solutions are exposed to each other in a way that produces carbon dioxide. Moreover, there are foam-producing blowing agents in fire extinguishers, carbon dioxide is attached to foams, and foams are attached to the burner surface, separating the burner from the oxygen, which acts as fire suppression。
Foam extinguishers range: the application of solid fire, such as wood, paper, etc., can also save fire in general, such as oil products, grease, etc.; but cannot save fire in water soluble, flammable liquids, such as alcohol, esters, ether, and ketone。
(ii) dry powder extinguishers
The rationale for dry powder extinguishers: the main component of dry powder extinguishers is sodium carbonate. When it is ejected, sodium carbonate reacts at high temperature, with the following chemical reactions:
2-c-03-na2-c-03-10-h20-c02
The reaction occurs when heat is inhaled, with large quantities of carbon dioxide and water generated, and carbon dioxide is used to isolate oxygen from fires, while the vapour of water is created by vapour, which absorbs large amounts of thermal energy and acts as a cooling and diluter of oxygen。
Fire suppression range for dry powder fire extinguishers: applies to the rescue of combustible solids, liquids, gases, electrical fires, as well as fires that cannot be saved by water, and can also save the initial fire with electrical equipment. But not for metal fires。
(iii) carbon dioxide extinguishers
The co2 extinguisher is the form of co2 present in liquid form, with an average of 1 kg of co2 in liquid form producing approximately 0. 5 cubic metres of co2 in gas. When fire extinguishers are used, liquid co2 ejections release heat into dry ice (i. E., solid co2), sprays in a state of ice to the point of fire, absorbs heat in the fire, turns gas co2 into lower oxygen concentrations and also acts as cooling。
Carbon dioxide fire suppression range: fires that apply to rescue precision instruments, books, archives, as well as oil, gas and some substances that cannot be saved by water. However, it cannot be used to save peroxide fires, such as those caused by peroxide and peracetic acid。
Ii. Methodology and context of the visit
Knowledge of fire extinguishers generally appears in the test in the form of an understanding study, and the title gives us the corresponding fire extinguisher to choose the corresponding fire type. In learning this part of the knowledge, attention is therefore focused on the distinction between fire extinguishers. Let's see how these topics are examined in the examination。
The following items are on fire with the fire extinguishers used ( )
Archives fires — foam extinguishers
Electrical fires - dry powder extinguishers
C. Fire in timber cotton sheet — water extinguishers
Precision electronic instrument fire-liquid co2 extinguishers
[sino-public answer] a. Parsing: error item a, foam fire extinguishers apply to the rescue of general category b fires, such as oil products, grease, etc., with the potential for different levels of water stains and foam contamination after spraying, making the loss of a fire extinguisher in the archives liable to damage the archives. The fire in the archives is best fought using co2 extinguishers, co2 does not support combustion and is more dense than the air, leaving no trace of the fire and no damage to the archives. Item b is correct. Dry powder extinguishers are generally divided into sodium carbonate dry powder extinguishers and ammonium phosphate dry powder extinguishers. The sodium bicarbonate dry powder extinguisher applies to initial fires of flammable, combustible liquids, gas and electrical equipment, and the ammonium phosphate dry powder extinguisher can be used to save initial fires of solid substances, in addition to those described above. But neither of them can save the metal fires. Quite correctly, the tank of the water extinguisher is filled with clean water, which is used mainly to save the first fires of solid substances, such as timber, cotton molluscs, textiles, etc. Item d is correct in that liquid carbon dioxide extinguishers are used to save initial fires of flammable liquids and gases, as well as fires of electrical equipment. It is often used in laboratories, computer rooms, transformer stations and places with high maintenance requirements for sophisticated electronic instruments, precious equipment or articles. The correct answer is a。
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