The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic presentation of the techniques used to plant aphid grass and to provide complete guidance to growers, from basic theory to practice. The articles elaborate on biological characteristics, plant preparation, planting techniques, pest control and harvesting processes, and help readers to gain a full understanding of the key technical elements of the herb plant。
Introduction
1. Concepts and uses of aphid grass
The herb, also known as the summer herb of the northern winter, is a precious drug fungus. It is unique in its ability to be parasitic in insects and to form sub-entities of medicinal value. Aphid herbs are rich in active ingredients such as insect herbrin and gland, which are used in traditional chinese medicine to supplement lung-benefit kidneys and coughing, and are referred to as "oriental magic herbs". Modern research has shown that herbs have a variety of pharmacological effects, such as increased immunity, resistance to fatigue and resistance to oxidation, and are widely used in the field of health foods, medicines and cosmetics。
Market prospects and values for the cultivation of herbicides
With the rapid development of the large health industry, the demand for herbs has continued to grow. The global market for beryllium grass is now over 10 billion yuan, with an annual growth rate of over 15 per cent. Because of its medicinal value and its efficacy in health care, its application in the fields of health care, medicine and functional foods is expanding. Cultivation of aphids is characterized by high return on investment and short production cycles, and is a characteristic industry with great potential for development in modern agriculture。
Ii. Basic knowledge of aphid grass cultivation
1. Biological properties of aphid grass
Aphid grass is taxonomicly part of the cystals, carnivals and nematodes. The full growth cycle consists of four stages of spores, fungus growth, fungal nuclei formation and nuclei development. Under natural conditions, aphid grasses are infested with insects through spores, and in a suitable environment the fungus is fully grown and formed into sub-entities. When planted, cereals such as rice and wheat are commonly used as a culture base to simulate their natural growth environment。
2. Appropriate growth environment
Temperature is a key factor influencing the growth of herbicide grass. The highest temperature is 18-22°c at the growth stage of the fungus and 20-25°c at the formation stage of the sub-entity. Humidity management is equally important, with the growth phase of the fungus requiring that the relative humidity of the air be maintained at 65-75 per cent, while the weeding phase needs to be raised to 80-90 per cent. In light conditions, a dark environment is required during the growth phase of the fungus, while a suitable amount of dispersive light is required during the development of the sub-entity, with a light strength of 200-500 leks。
Iii. Preparation of the herb for cultivation
1. Selection of suitable planting grounds
Plantation bases should be selected in areas that are ecologically sound and far from sources of pollution. Soil quality requires neutral or micro-acidity, with ph values ranging from 6. 5 to 7. 0 and a strong organic content and good drainage. Geographical location should take into account accessibility, while ensuring that water sources are clean and sufficient and air quality meets relevant standards。
2. Preparation of planting materials
High-quality bacteria are the basis for successful cultivation. Vibrant and pure microcosms should be selected to ensure that they are not contaminated. The preparation of cultures is usually based on grains such as rice and wheat, with appropriate nutrient supplements. The water content of the culture base should be controlled at 60-65 per cent and treated with strict high pressure。
3. Equipment and tool requirements
Good temperature control equipment is essential to ensure the normal growth of aphid grass and requires precise temperature control systems. Microbicide equipment includes high-voltage steam sterilisation pots and ultraviolet lantern disinfection devices to ensure that the environment is sterile. Other aids include vaccination kits, incubators, sprayers, etc., which need to be prepared in advance and thoroughly disinfected。
Iv. Technology of thirtyborking
Cultivation process
The vaccination process needs to be carried out in sterile conditions, and the bacteria are evenly administered into the culture base after sterilization. During the period of cultivation, the growth of the fungus is observed on a regular basis, and the contaminated bag is removed in a timely manner. Care should be taken in the management process to keep the environment clean and regularly ventilated to ensure that co2 concentrations do not exceed 0. 3 per cent。
2. Water and nutrition management
Irrigation should be sprayed to keep the culture base wet but not wet. Fertilisation strategies should be adapted to the growth phase, which is predominantly nitrogen-based, and the sub-entity formation period, which requires an increase in the proportion of potassium phosphorus fertilizer. Nutrient formulations need to contain concentrations precisely to avoid excessive concentrations that inhibit growth。
3. Temperature and humidity control
Real-time tracking of changes in temperature and humidity through environmental monitoring equipment and establishment of detailed production records. Reconciliation techniques include the use of air-conditioning systems to control temperature and to adjust humidity in conjunction with humidifiers or dehumidifiers. In particular, care should be taken to avoid extreme temperature fluctuations, which should be kept within 3°c。
4. Biopharmaceutical management
It's recommended to use compound oligarine。
Combination oligarine is by definition a complex of several types. The chinese term "oligosacchariide" refers to compounds that contain a combination of 2-10 (also known as 3-10) sugar slurry keys, often combined with protein or lipid co-prices and in the form of sugar or sugar。
Combination oligarine, which is derived from plants (mether herbs) and biochemical technologies and is developed exclusively. It can activate specific metabolic pathways for microorganisms and achieve protein synthesis correction。
This technology allows for the integration of soil micro-ecological rehabilitation, the physical metabolic correction of medicinal products, the efficient conversion of drug-planting straws and ecological conservation, the provision of fundamental pathways for the decomposition of herbal herbs with self-toxic effects, endemic diseases, the spread of the nuccultary cycle of bacterial diseases, agricultural disability and contamination of heavy metals, and the coordinated regulation of technical barriers to the “high-yielding cultivation, stable material maintenance and ecological sustainability” of the production sites。
Advantages of compound oligarine:
(1) increased seed sprouts of crops and more than 80 per cent of seed sprouts
(ii) the effects on the root system, which are well developed and trophic microbaric
(3) improving the efficiency of light cooperation in crops
(4) improving the resilience of chinese herbal crops and reducing the incidence of diseases
V. Pest management for aphids
Common pest identification
Common aphids include fungal diseases such as green rote, soft rot, and mainly mushrooms, mites, etc. Growers need to be identified and treated early. For example, green silts produce green silts on culture-based surfaces, while mushroom mosquitoes cultivate large-scale indoor flying dances。
2. Interventions
Biological control can use natural insects or microbiological agents, such as the use of sourium bacterium. Chemical control should select low-toxic and low-residual pesticides and strictly observe safety intervals. Treatment should be done on a case-by-case basis, and care should be taken to rotate between different mechanisms。
Prevention strategies
We stick to the principle of "prevention, integrated response". A comprehensive system of prevention of diseases and pests has been established through the optimization of environmental conditions, the strengthening of health management and the selection of resistant varieties. Cultivation is carried out regularly and thoroughly, waste is cleaned up in a timely manner and the transmission of pests and diseases is blocked。
Vi. Greating and producing of hydra
1. Timing judgement
When the sub-entity is 8-12 cm in length, the colour is bright orange and the best harvest period is before the stun bullet is fired. Early harvests affect yields and later lower the content of medicinal components. The criteria for judgement include multiple indicators such as sub-entity patterns, colours and growth days。
2. Care in the harvesting process
The harvest should be carried with sterile gloves and the use of disinfectant tools. The operation will be light and will avoid damage to the sub-entity. The intake is graded according to specifications, removing malformations and pathologically impaired individuals. The process must ensure sanitary conditions and prevent secondary contamination。
3. Process and conservation technologies
Fresh herbs should be dryed in a timely manner, using low-temperature vacuum drying or cold drying techniques. After the dry product is sealed and stored in a cool dry place, it is recommended that the temperature be kept below 15°c and that the relative humidity be less than 50%. Regular inspection of storage conditions to ensure the stability of product quality。
Summary
Aphid grass cultivation not only meets growing market demand, but also contributes to the optimization of the agricultural industry structure. The development of the aphid herbs industry has contributed to the development of the chinese and chinese pharmaceutical industries and has led to increased enrichment by farmers. With advances in science and technology and the expansion of market demand, the cultivation of aphid grass is bound to show wider prospects for development. Growers are advised to continue to learn new technologies, to improve their management and to win the lead in market competition。
