A number of farmers and friends of small gardens who grow a variety of sunflowers have experienced many years of trouble, and the autumn husk is wooded, as hard as a small stone, with a direct dry seed that can't see through the water, which is insulated in the soil, and a few seedlings that have sprung out in a dozen days。
Many know only warm water bubbles, neglecting the most critical step — hard-skin barriers to water partition, too slow the penetration of light bubble water, double the gestation cycle and uneven seedlings. I've been running open vegetable bases and home gardens for years, sharing a quick sprouts: sandpaper before planting, grinding the skin and bathing in water, breaking the hard shell barrier, two days of white sprouts, three times the speed of seed production, a massive rise in seed availability, and now a suitable temperature to grow the acupuncture after the summer and autumn。
Many farmers do not know how to grind their skins, either grind them too deeply to the point that the embryos are dead, or do not work by scratching them. Today, the whole process of grinding, impregnation, seeding, planting is complete. Autumn and red sunflowers are common. They are full-grown, small and large, branched, corrosive and double production throughout the season。
I. Direct sowing without grinding hard seed skins, with five major irreversible losses, slow growth and reduced production
Autumn skin is thick, it's not in the water, it's not in the grinding, it's trouble from gerbil to harvest。
One, water infiltration is blocked, the gestation cycle increases, and most seeds do not suffocate
Dry hard-skind insulation, low-intensity water intake for at least 12 hours of impregnation, dry-dry and wet-sowning soil, decomposition of seeds around a week, loss of saplings, replanting only, waste of seeds and labour。
2. A 10-day interval between seedlings and seedlings, high and low, and one-size-fits-all management difficulties
There is a wide gap between the slow and slow intake of unpaved seeds, the high-lighted seedlings from which the soil is first produced, the small, thin yellowings from which the seedlings are produced at night, the rigidity of the seedlings, the inability to apply fertilizers, weedings and drugs, and the doubling of labour costs。
3. Breaking the harvest cycle and missing the high-priced window in the summer autumn period
Secondary rebroadcasts of small seedlings are lagging behind, flowering times staggered, cannot be collected in bulk, and sporadic harvesting is labour-intensive; later cooling takes place early and the growth of late seedlings ceases before a large amount of thaws, and the total production shrinks by half。
4 - the seedlings are naturally overconsumption of nutrients, small and small branches, and acupunctures are thin
For long periods of time, the tops are out of the ground, the embryos consume a large amount of stored nutrients, the seedlings are fined, the roots are small and the seedlings are slow to grow. A single plant of saplings can divide four to six branches of the result, with a small number of saplings in the weak, and a single plant can be reduced by half。
5. Long-term burial of the soil, susceptible to infection, and spasms of disease
Seeds have been buried for a long time, fungus continue to infest their skins, seedlings have their own seedlings brought with them seedlings, and the seedlings fall and die every week。
Sandpaper grinding skins sprouts, vs. Dry seeds, intuitive differentiation
1. Sandpaper grinding + hot water immersing in autumn: 2 days of white sprouts, 3 to 5 days of seedlings, thick leaves, thick roots, large branches, thick acacias and very few diseases
Autumn is dry without grinding: 10 days apart, a large number of seeds rot in soil, small and small to survive, few branches and silts, frequent outbreaks of disease and a significant reduction in total production。
Autumn seeding is a widespread error
Mistake one: a warm water soaks without grinding the skin, so that the bubble can grow fast. Hard-shells prevent water infiltration, and the rate of further prolonged insulation remains slow and the gestation cycle doubles。
Erection 2: sandpaper grinds hard and grinds the shell out faster. Deep-cut internal embryos have been sharpened, seeds have directly lost their germination capacity and entire batches have been scrapped。
Mistake three: without sandpaper without grinding, the surface membrane can be replaced. The membrane increases only the temperature and does not solve the core problem of water in the hard-shells。
Error area four: open water impregnate soft skin, save time. High-temperature boiling water kills embryos, and seeds are not。
Zone five: we're done grinding down the ground without keeping warm. Skinning alone is not a breeding factor, embryos are insufficiently awakened and gaps in the speed at which the earth is produced remain large。
Wrong zone six: the deeper the earth is warmer, the easier it is to grow. Autumn topsoil capacity is common, with more than 3 cm of seedlings of the ground undrilled and suffocated。
Erect 7: autumn and autumn skin are different in severity and do not have to grind. The two types of aluminum wood hulls are consistent in hardness, and failure to grind seedlings is poor and operational。
Wrong zone eight: extra fertilization in the late stages of seed production will make up for production. The birth loss cannot be compensated for by the birthing of seedlings, the defects of branches and the abundance of fertilizers。
Core planting logic: autumn seed wood-composed hard-shells are not permeable to water, air is not permeable, and cold water impregnates slowly and has many bad seeds; sandpaper is used before seeding to grind the skin slightly, damage the outer shell barrier, warm water is impregnated to sprouts, two days of rapid euphemism, three times the speed of seeding and more than 90% seeding. The programme, which distinguishes between the live broadcasting of the field and the planting of seedlings and the planting of two seedlings, is designed to eliminate the errors of excessive grinding, burning of the water, overture of the soil, as well as the soundling of the seedlings and the harvests in the summer and autumn。
Ii. Sandpaper grinder + leachate sprouts with a standardized set of actual exercise, grinding weight, water temperature, one step in time
The operational standards for yellow and red are identical, the order cannot be reversed, and precision is used to sharpen the strength of the embryo。
Step 1: screening of full seeds and removal of empty seeds
Seeds are screened before planting and dried, moths, hairy and dark-temperated seeds are all picked out, with only full and glacial seeds left to reduce subsequent grinding and human waste。
Second step: skin grinding lightly on sandpaper (the core step of the growth)
1. Tool selection: 80-120 coarse sand paper, which no family can replace with rough cement and brick friction
2. The grinding technique: take a seed and put it in the middle of the sandpaper, with a light hand of 30 seconds to one minute, grinding only the skin of the skin of the surface brown, and see the skin slightly thinner and immediately stop through the light colour of the inside
3. Prohibition of operations: grinding for long periods of time, grinding the skin of the interior in light colour, and the embryos are directly damaged and scrapped; grinding only the side of the seeds and not the position of the seed at both ends。
4. The grinding principle: grinding a thin, hard wooded shell, cutting through water infiltration channels, increasing water intake by three times, significantly reducing impregnation and gestation periods。
Step three: 28-32°c warm water immersed for 6 hours (no need to bubble all night)
1. Temperature of water: hands are warm and not hot and above 40°c hot water is strictly prohibited
2. Length of impregnation: after grinding, the skin is quickly permeable, with only 6 hours of immersion to saturate, without the traditional 12 hours of immersion all night
3 efficiency techniques: a small amount of hot water with a little multibacterium, impregnation of the synchronous destruction of seed surface bacteria, and reduction of precipitous disease。
Step four: porcupines, two days. White
1. Drum operation: recovery of fresh water from good seed, wet gauze wrapping up to no drop, placement of 24-26°c warm environment
2. Day-to-day care: one day and one night, water-washed gauze to prevent the slime of seeds
3 the sprouts determine that the 2 mm white sprouts appear at the top of the seeds for about 48 hours, and that the lumbers are soaked immediately, and that the sprouts are too long to be broken。
Step five: to regulate seeding in shallow soil and to ensure smooth seeding
(a) in the open ground: 2 to 3 white seeds per den, 1. 5 to 2 cm thickness of the ground, difficulties with the tops of the earth, loss of water and drying of the thin buds
2. Planting of seedlings: full of nutrients, seeds lumber down, thin ground covered, water sprayed and wet
3. Watering criteria: seeding can be easily watered, soil moist and water can not accumulate, and sprout causes decay。
Two types of obsolete, directly obsolete seeds
1. Obstructed seeds, with almost zero gestation rates, that grind skins and see internal white embryos and are discarded directly
2. Soft, dark, slimy seeds after impregnation, carrying bacteria and sowing the whole seed。
Accompanying three seedlings, with multiple branches, acreage and continuous harvest in the summer and autumn
It is not enough to finish grinding the seedlings, to put in place post-plant care, and to cultivate high-yielding seedlings。
1 and time seeding to avoid competition for nutrients
For the first time, the two saplings were removed; four saplings were completed, leaving only one strong autumn seed in each den, ventilating the light and leaving room for branches to grow。
2. Control of nitrogen-added potassium phosphorus during the shrimp season, with multiple branches
The stage of urea is less urea-purified, the number of nitrous fertilizers is too high and the number of branches is scarce, the amount of potassium phosphate is sprayed every 10 days on the side of the leaf, the size of the staves is thick, the base is sprouted with multiple side branches, and the number of slings is doubled later。
3. Timely drainage and disease prevention after rain, and prevention of sudden fall-downs and adhesion
Autumn seedlings are afraid of flooding, with each rain-fed ditch draining clean water; protective microbicides are sprayed in the mornings after the rain to kill surface soil bacteria and to avoid the decay of the seedlings。
Iv. Two different options for open field autumn live broadcasting and seedling migration
Option i: live open field (large area cultivation, bulk harvesting)
1. Trawling: unified sandpaper grinding, warm water immersing for six hours, concentration of gauze sprouts, collective subsidence after white
Ii. Ground rise: sown up high and dig deep into the drains and eliminate the sprouts of rain
3. Cultivation density: 60 centimetres from line and 40 centimetres from den, with branch space reserved for no secret shade
4. Ductal membrane mix: sowning of silver-covered ash membranes, cooling of insects and timely release of seedlings from the membrane。
Programme ii: plantation of seedlings (small vegetable gardens, small balcony areas)
1. Sterilized seed: a small number of seeds also grind thin skins and impregnated sprouts for short periods
2 nutritional soil ratio: 2 fattenings for decomposed farmers + 7 for garden soil + 1 for fine sand, with no accommodation
3. Timing of planting: four leaves of seedlings, roots covered in seedlings, replanting with dust, recovery of seedlings for two days
4. Light management: full-day lighting during the nursery period, small and weak young people without light, poorly divided buds and small numbers of sprouts。
V. 8-high-frequency pedals for the seeding of acupunctures, slow seed production and bad seeds
Zone one: only hot water immersed, not hard seed skins
The hard-shell prevents water from being isolated, the gestation cycle increases, and a large number of seeds decomposed the soil。
Zone two: grind all the skin hard and grow faster
Embroidery injuries were damaged and seeds were not lost。
Mistake three: the warmness of the membranes can be a substitute for the sprouts
The temperature is not permeable, the seeds do not fall asleep and the seed production is uneven。
Error area four: open water impregnated soft skin, saves time efficiency
High temperatures kill embryos, and whole seeds lose their activity。
Wrong five: straight down and a little bit of temperature-plumbing
The embryos are insufficiently awakened, there is a wide gap between the rapid and slow growth of seedlings and a high proportion of seedlings。
Zone six: the thicker the ground, the more stable it is
Autumn roofs are weak, thick ground is smothering the seedlings, and the rate of seeding falls。
Zone 7: autumn doesn't have to grind. It's different from autumn
The two autumn shells are of the same hardness and do not grind the difference。
Wrong 8: accelerator after seedlings compensates for production
The seedlings were born small and small, and the extra fertilizer could not be saved。
High frequency questions for vegetable farmers and small gardeners
One, sandpaper grinding the skin and sprouts. What's the rate of seeding of acupuncture
Dry seeds are grown directly for 12 to 15 days; sowing seedlings are shown for 48 hours and seedlings for 3 to 5 days are sowed at a rate of three times faster and yield rates have stabilized at over 90 per cent。
2. There is no sandpaper in the house. What is the alternative to grinding
Crude red bricks, concrete floors, thick sacks and back-to-back seedlings can also grind thin surface hard skins with effects close to sandpaper。
Is it possible to have normal seedlings from the ground directly down when grinding is complete
The seedlings are available, but they last between five and seven days, and the saplings are visible and do not produce rapid seedlings。
How long will it take to plant the autumn
Normal care after grinding sprouts is regulated, the first acupuncture matures in about 50 days and the harvest is sustainable until the fall cools。
Five, the balconies plant the acorns. Is this grinding sprouts common
Full-scale, with a small number of seed grinding and leaching seedlings and seedlings in place, with a clear increase in the number of plant branches and beaks。
Vii. Comprehensive summary + access to agriculture
Autumn seeds are hard as stones, with dense wood casings blocking water, dry seeding, slow seed production and delayed harvest in the summer and autumn. A key step in the sprouts is the mild grinding of skins with sandpaper before seeding, the grinding of hard shells through water-sorting channels, the immersion of 28 to 32°c hot water for six hours, and the emergence of white sprouts at three times the rate of seeding in two days。
With two centimetres of ground seeding, time seedlings, nitrogen-controlled potassium phosphorus during seedage, and four tubes of water drainage and disease protection after rain, the total production has increased significantly, drawing a distinction between the two sets of details of the field live and the planting of seedlings, so as to eliminate the errors of over-hearing, boiling and over-spilling。
It's easy to say:
Autumn seeds are hard like stones, most of the rest of the dry soil
The sandpaper grinds thin skin and warm water does not last long
Two days of lumbing, three times faster
It's so thick, it doesn't hurt。
