Sweet orange is a radiant, aerobic citrus fruit tree located mainly south of qin, south-west of shaan, south-east of gansu and south-east of tibet. The variety of sweet oranges is broadly classified as sweet oranges, blood oranges, umbilical oranges, summer oranges, oranges. In order to obtain better quality and more productive sweet oranges, there is a need to improve the cultivation techniques and management of sweet oranges。
1. Selection of good seeds
It should be a stable and good variety of fruit, no child or child, juicy, slag, precuts or fissures, with a solid content of 11% and above. It's like pear oranges, olympia oranges, euclops oranges, mene summer oranges, red meat umbilical oranges, taroko blood oranges。
2. Cultivation of seedlings using packagings
1) a false garden shall be built near an orchard, with fertile soil, flat terrain, and near water sources, with precautionary measures for the drainage of ditches, preparation for the run-off of the puddles to dry up the fine soil and, in general, false planting of 3000 plants per acre. 2) hypothetical packagings shall choose either a plastic bag or bamboo with holes in it, the calibre and height of which shall not be less than 30 cm, each containing a capacity of approximately 15 to 20 kg, and a formulation made of 4:1 from fertile decorated ground or decomposition sawn wood, grains, wine, pond mud. For every 1500 kg of cortex added to human and animal dung, 2. 5 kg of phosphorous fertilized use is mixed. 3) the compartments are open at a distance of 2 m, each carrying 4 rows, about 40 cm wide, and a plant is set up to dig about 30 cm of a defined ditch, with 10 cm thick of gravel, bamboo, and carbide mats at the bottom. The nurseries need to dig 30 cm deep into a ditch and a ditch, which is linked to the established ditch, while the waterfield's false ditch only reaches 10 cm. 4) completion of false planting by the end of september and within 48h of the nursery where the tree is transported. A tree with a large plant size can be laid out within one year, a plastic bag or a plastic sapling standard, and can be delivered within two years. The requirements for leaving the bed are 80 cm or more of tree seedlings, about 10 cm from the ground and about 1 cm in diameter, and more than eight branches of 20 cm in length. 5) disperse containers 10 cm each and place them in defined ditches, filled with half the nutrients. Before it's faked, it's supposed to trim the tree seedlings, sprouts, membranes, and be graded. On the basis of the specific root depth of the tree seedlings, the nutrient soil is fed into the container, and the root neck of the tree seedlings is planted on the soil surface, and cannot be planted too deep, and then filled with water. Covered with straw around tree seedlings to protect against wet temperatures and weeds。
3. Orchard planting techniques
1) in the areas most adapted to sweet orange growth, the construction of parks with compost and fertile land, and the construction of associated water and road public infrastructure. 2) orchards shall be grown at a distance of 2x5 lines, and shall dig up the saplings of the horde, which shall be set at a scale of 1 m in diameter of 80 cm or more, and shall be filled with 100 kg of farm fat, 0. 5 kg of compound fat, and part of the soil. Set up a 20cm plant and fill up the ground. 3) plantation technology: the number of years after tree seedlings are set. The whole tree seedling chain container was dug out of a fake value ditch with a small heart, without any injury to the branch, and was carefully cultivated by the two persons in collaboration. Planting seedlings into established pits and re-stamping them, shrubs, pouring water and finally covering the topsoil; standard 2 seedlings out of the bed it is usually established in september-october, and it's very shallow, with the same planting techniques as described above。
4 and earth water management in orchards
4. 1 orchard soil management
In the case of mature sweet orange gardens, if the topsoil is condensed or shallow, deep-croping, organic fertilizer increases, and soil and thicker layers should be further improved in the autumn. It promotes the cultivation of grass or vegetables, green fertilizers or grass between orchards, and the elimination of orchards. Sweet orange gardens, which are also of young age, should be reasonably and strictly prohibited from growing crops that affect the growth of sweet orange trees, such as high poles, until they are closed。
4. 2 fertilizer management of orchards
1) fertilisation of young trees shall be based on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, appropriate allocation, and in-service application of thin, decomposition fluids. Fertilizers are usually applied once before the onset and once after cutting, at least seven times per year (of which winter fertilisation is applied in mid-november). 1 ~ 3 years of larvae per plant should be applied about 50% of each concentration, 5 kg, 10 kg, 15 kg of manure, with 20g, 30g, 50g urea, 25g, 35g, 60g per calcium phosphate. In two-thirds of the hour the new leaf is lengthened to normal leaves, the root is sprayed with 0. 3% urea plus 0. 2% potassium phosphate once, 10-15 days apart and again. At the same time, in accordance with the principles of spring irrigation, drought resistance and summer drainage, the water needs of fruit trees should be ensured. 2) fertilization management of adult and primary tree: 5 fertilisations per year are required. In mid-february to early march, the application of spring fertilisation, which encouraged the growth of fruit trees, flowers and spasms, was responsible for 20 per cent of the year's total; in early may, the application of steady fruit fertilisation, which accounted for 5 per cent of the year's total, was due to the use of trees, the multi-flower fertilization of trees, the non-fruitful application of fruit trees, and the pursuit of extra fertilization; in early july, the application of promotion fertilisation fertilisation, which accounted for 35 per cent of the year's total; in early september, the application of strong fertilization, which accounted for 20 per cent of the year's total; and in winter, which required the application of fertilisation before and after 1 week of the year's fruit。
Concluding remarks
In addition to this, attention should be paid to pest-prevention measures at the sweet orange garden and to the timely cutting of sweet orange. In summary, to achieve a high economic value for the production of sweet oranges, emphasis must be placed on the cultivation of counterfeit and custom-made technologies, soil management, and manure management。
