On the morning of 9 march, a representative of the national people's congress and chairman of the kim jong-gung group, in his participation in the deliberations of the shandong group on the report of the people's congress, said that the key to promoting modern agriculture was strengthening agricultural legislation and accelerating the spread of new agricultural technologies, such as the integration of water fertilizers。
He expressed great interest in the work of the standing committee of the national people's congress on “the three farmers”, as a representative of the three agricultural sectors. Over the past year, the standing committee of the national people's congress has continued to focus on the work of the three farmers, making the promotion of new rural construction the subject of monitoring and hearing reports, which have contributed significantly to the development of the three farmers' cause in our country. We are particularly pleased that the report has incorporated changes to the seeds act and the rural land contracting act into the priority legislative areas for this year, as well as the monitoring of the monitoring of the implementation of the water pollution prevention and control act relating to agriculture, which will certainly give further impetus to the development of the three agricultural industries in our country。
It is well known that my country has made a miracle in the world by feeding one fifth of the world's population with 9 per cent of the world's cropland and 6 per cent of its freshwater. But we also consume 35 per cent of the world's fertilizer. Fertilizer utilization is only about 30 per cent of the world average, water use is only about 40 per cent, large quantities of fertilizers and water resources are wasted, and we are still facing the serious test of declining cropland quality. It is therefore necessary for him to further protect the quality of the arable land on which we depend, regulate the fertilizer industry and increase the utilization of irrigation water in agriculture by enacting specific legislation。
First, it is recommended that legislation be enacted as soon as possible on the construction and management of arable land. Our total arable land is 1,826 million acres, with less than 1. 4 acres per capita, or about 40 per cent of the world's per capita level. Of these, 1. 3 billion acres represent more than 70 per cent of the total cultivated land. As the pace of industrialization and urbanization accelerates, it is difficult to reverse the trend towards a rigid reduction of cultivated land. Arable land is under increased pressure and quality issues are becoming more acute, as is the regional degradation of arable land. The legal provisions governing the quality of arable land in our country are scattered among the relevant laws and regulations. They are not specific and operational, ignore the coordination of the overall interest in the quality of arable land, mishandle the relationship between the construction and management of arable land, making it difficult for the legal system to function as a whole, aligning existing laws and regulations with each other, lack of legal oversight and lack of clarity in the enforcement powers, and result in inefficient enforcement to the extent that they do not serve the purpose of fundamentally curbing the decline in the quality of arable land. In view of the current status of the quality of agricultural land in the country and the actual work done, and in order to ensure the safety of the country's food and agricultural products and sustainable agricultural development, to protect and improve the quality of agricultural land and to stabilize the production capacity of arable land, he recommends that a law on the construction and management of agricultural land quality be enacted as soon as possible。
Secondly, it is recommended that fertilizer legislation be initiated as soon as possible. Fertilizers, as food for food, play an important role and position in the national economy and are linked to the country's food security, food security and ecological security. In recent years, our food production has become 60-70 per cent dependent on fertilizer, fertilizer has contributed more than 40 per cent to increased food production, fertilizer inputs have accounted for about 40 per cent of household cash inputs to food production, fertilizer has a much higher market value than seeds and pesticides and has a significant impact on agricultural production and is of vital importance to resources, the environment, food security and the interests of farmers. The construction of the fertilizer legal system, compared to agricultural assets such as seeds and pesticides, which already have legislation in place, is seriously lagging behind, not only because of its status as the world's largest producer and consumer of fertilizers, but also because of the problems posed by the production, sale and use of fertilizers。
In 2013, the general secretary of xi had proposed, at the central rural work session, to strengthen the management of agricultural inputs and improve the quality monitoring system for agricultural inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides, veterinary medicines, feed and feed additives. In order to promote the healthy development of the fertilizer industry, he therefore recommended that legislation on fertilizer management be initiated as soon as possible。
Thirdly, it is proposed to strengthen the monitoring of enforcement of the agricultural technology promotion act and promote the diffusion of new agricultural technologies and products. Improving the transformation of agricultural science and technology is critical for replication. Our agricultural technology promotion act, which was amended in 2012, has played a vital role in building agricultural technology extension systems adapted to the requirements of high-yield, high-quality, efficient, ecologically safe and modern agricultural development, improving agricultural technology extension systems and input security mechanisms, and promoting agricultural efficiency, farmer growth and sustainable agricultural development. However, some of the outstanding problems that remain in the process of implementation are, inter alia, the disconnection between scientific research, education, extension and production, the inadequacy of mechanisms for investment in agricultural science and technology promotion, the serious shortage of supplies, the inadequate distribution of agricultural technology extension personnel, the overall amount of funding allocated for extension, the structural inadequacy of new technologies and the unsatisfactory dissemination of new products。
Fourth, it is recommended that the government vigorously promote integrated water fertilizer technologies and accelerate the development of water-saving agriculture. Integrated water fertilizer technology is the best way to achieve integrated coordination and integrated management of moisture and nutrients, increase efficiency in their use, reduce resource waste, reduce environmental pollution and achieve efficiency gains in food production. Water fertilizer integration technologies have been given high priority in developed countries such as the united states and israel, especially in israel, where the use of such technologies as drip fertilization has been extremely high, with more than 90 per cent of integrated water fertilizer applications. Israel has achieved a 90-95 per cent fertilizer utilization rate and a 95 per cent water utilization rate by promoting water fertilizer integration。
In recent years, a number of policies have been introduced in the relevant sectors to support the development of integrated water fertilizer technologies. This year's central document reiterates the call for “a major expansion of water-saving technologies and the full implementation of regionally scale and efficient water-saving irrigation”; prime minister li keqiang also highlighted in this year's report on the work of the government the need to “strengthen the development of water-efficient agriculture by strengthening the water infrastructure of agricultural lands”. However, due to our relatively weak agricultural infrastructure and the presence of heavy equipment and light technology in water-saving irrigation operations, there is no real integration of water fertilizers. At the same time, problems of multiple management and cross-cutting aspects of the extension of integrated technologies for the construction of agricultural land and the promotion of integrated technologies for water and manure in our country have led to a lack of synchronization and compatibility in the promotion of integrated technologies for the construction of agricultural land and for the promotion of integrated technologies for water and manure, which have greatly affected the diffusion of integrated technologies for water and manure and are a major waste of government resources. He therefore recommends that further effective measures be taken to enhance the development and application of integrated hydro-fertilizer technologies and to promote better and faster development of our three agricultural industries。
Responsible editor: zhang dei
