IiRiverpoolNon-ferrous metalsDevelopment status
River ponds used to rely on mining for a single development model of mining, large and small non-ferrous metals industries, low concentration of products, uncertain quality, lack of overall innovation, low technological content and short industrial chains. In recent years, the city of the river pool has invested more than 2. 1 billion dollars in non-ferrous metal smelting technology, which has led to the emergence of a world leader in the smelting technology of the river basin, with internationally advanced selection processes and technical equipment, such as the “sino-metallic sulphide unrepressed selection process” and the “isa” oster smelting process. At present, there are 40 above-sized companies with an annual capacity of 5. 3 million tons, 30 above-sized smelters and processing enterprises with an annual capacity of more than 700,000 tons of metals. The 10 non-ferrous metal smelting product varieties produced 2,747 million tons in 2007 and 486,000 tons of tailings acid. The “cy”-column produced by the smelter was successfully placed on the london metal exchange and became one of china's top 10 brands on the london metal exchange. The city's deepwater bay 1 is registered with the lmf in london as a branded product produced in a river pool and sold globally. The metallic non-ferrous industry in the river basin has shifted towards diversification, clustering, clustering and opening up, and the non-ferrous metal industry has grown rapidly. In 2008, the total industrial output of the non-ferrous metals industry in the river basin city amounted to 9,793 million yuan, or 39. 51 per cent of the industry。
The combined strength of the non-ferrous metals industry is increasing, and strong and better enterprises are growing rapidly. Currently, there are 40 city-wide and above-sized enterprises, with an annual capacity of 5. 3 million tons (original ore), and 30 more smelting and processing enterprises, with an annual capacity of over 700,000 tons (metals). In 2008, 38 enterprises with a gross industrial value of more than rmb billion were in the city of riverpool, with 19 non-ferrous metal enterprises; 33 enterprises with a city-wide tax of more than rmb 10 million and 20 non-ferrous metal enterprises. At present, the production of the river ponds is well known as the international trading market, with four enterprises, namely, jin river, yoshiro, zintai and sengheng, accounting for half of the country's production capacity。
There have been major breakthroughs in autonomous innovation and successful brand-making. Building on advances in science and technology, technological transformation has been vigorously pursued, and some of the city's mining, selection and metallurgical technology levels are currently leading at the international and national levels, increasing the competitiveness of the market for non-ferrous metals. In the case of senggen, which is rated as a national exempt product, the south company, the south company, the south company, the sozhi company, the five gee company, and the golden river company, the golden river zinc company, among other 10 products, have been awarded the title of "gangxi's branded product". The southern company's “nf” lead ingots was registered as an internationally recognized brand by the london metals exchange lme; the generating company's “cy” lead ingots was successfully registered at the british london metals exchange, becoming one of the top 10 brands where china is currently successfully listed on the london metals exchange; and the south danlong springs smelter master planner, deepwater bay, inc., is a registered listed lme in london. Zintai and hiroda have been identified by the state as high-technology products。
3. The conditions for in-depth processing are in place, leading to the initial emergence of a strategy. In recent years, non-ferrous metal enterprises in river basin cities have been increasing the recycling of non-ferrous rare metals, developing and producing new high-technology products such as high-purity lead, high-purification pelvis, high-purification silver, thallium, thallium and cadmium. The production capacity of high-technology non-ferrous metals products is already on a scale throughout the city. As city councils, municipalities and research institutes expand and non-ferrous metal technology is introduced, deep-scale processing of non-ferrous metals in river basin cities will accelerate the development of “good times”. While there are plans to exploit and exploit local mineral sources, the city of the river pool has been a major leader in the implementation of the “two resources, two markets” open-source strategy, encouraging and supporting enterprises to target foreign resources and markets for large non-ferrous metals. At present, river basin non-ferrous metals enterprises have close links with more than 10 countries and regions, including canada, australia, peru, belgium, mexico, japan and asean, and have developed an open pattern of world-oriented industrial expansion. Through the successful operation of a canadian company, the river copper plant became the only enterprise listed on the toronto stock exchange in guangxi。
Iii. Major issues in the current development of the non-ferrous metals industry in river basin cities
(i) the non-ferrous metals industry itself is inadequate. As a result of the international financial crisis, all business operators felt an unprecedented sense of urgency and pressure: the first was the lack of core technology, the city-wide non-ferrous metal industry was characterized by a large number of enterprises at the lower end of the industrial chain, lack of competitive power and weak risk resistance. Second is the low concentration of industry, the lack of large leading and backbone firms in the industry and weak market controls. Thirdly, the problem of overcapacity is evident, with large numbers of behind-up production capacities to be phased out and the market competition order to be regulated. Fourth is the low rate of resource self-sufficiency, the fact that most enterprises do not have their own mines, are totally dependent on market supply and are heavily dependent on imports, and resource bottlenecks will constrain firms from doing so as the capacity for smelting expands. Fifth is the lack of scientific and technological skills, the absence of substantial breakthroughs in coloured deep processing, the relatively monolithic product structure, the low value added of products and the short industrial chain. Sixth is the lack of environmental capacity and the critical situation of energy-saving emission reductions. Non-ferrous metalworking enterprises are highly concentrated and, although they meet the standards, the environmental pressure remains high。
(ii) excessive consumption of mineral resources. Some of the mines belonging to the river basin city, most of which have been mined for 20-30 years, have been gradually shrinking their production capacity. For example, mines such as tin and antimony, which are included in national protective mining, have been subject to indiscriminate mining, severe resource fragmentation and high environmental pollution。
(iii) insufficient extension of industrial chains and low value added of products. River ponds are currently dominated by primary smelting products, with batch dispersion, small size and monolithic and low value added. Research and development and production in high-tech areas such as information technology materials, sensitive materials and nanomaterials, as identified in the municipal “11 v” industrial plan, remain blank。
(iv) inadequate utilization of resources. The small variety of valuable metal elements recovered by enterprises in combination and the low rate of aggregate recovery result in the waste of a large amount of mineral resources. Currently, non-ferrous metal enterprises in river basins have only the capacity to recover some of the valuable metal elements, such as tin, americium, lead, zinc, copper, gold, silver, thallium, thallium and cadmium, while most of the remaining elements are not capable of recovery and are discarded as tailings. Even for these metal elements, the combined recovery rate is low at around 30 per cent。
(v) insufficient technological innovation in enterprises and weak risk resistance. In recent years, the city of the river pool has invested more than 2. 1 billion dollars in non-ferrous metal smelting technologies and has acquired such selection processes and technical equipment as the “sino-metallic sulphide unrepressed mining process” and the “austa-austa” copper smelting process. However, there are still outstanding problems such as the lack of specialized technical personnel in enterprises and poor production processes. For a variety of reasons, small non-ferrous highlands do not play their full role and new product research and development capacity is severely inadequate
(vi) environmental problems are serious. Enterprise emissions from waste are not fully met and ecological pollution remains prominent. The atmospheric pollution of the river ponds is mainly from sulphur dioxide emissions from smelters, which in 2006 amounted to 75,000 tons of sulphur dioxide in the city as a whole, while emissions from non-ferrous metal enterprises alone amounted to 667 million tons, representing 88. 7 per cent of total emissions; the water quality of the three river vents of the yongjiang river averaged iv in 2006 and even below the national level ii。
(vii) high electricity prices are severely constrained. The city of riverpool is well known as “china's land of non-ferrous metals” and “china's land of hydropower”. But the pool itself is more expensive. In 2008, the average price of electricity for the population was 0. 5283 kwh, while the average price for electricity for the major industry was 0. 4819 kwh, with a maximum price of 0. 7 kwh. Excessive electricity prices make the operating costs of a river basin non-ferrous metal company too high forIndustrial upgradingReduced inputs rely only on the export of processed semi-finished products. There are serious difficulties in extending industrial chains, adding value and developing high-technology industries。
Iv. Response of river ponds to the construction of new non-ferrous metal industry bases
In may this year, the state council's plan for restructuring and revitalizing the non-ferrous metals industry made it clear that: “standing forward with the direct purchase of electricity pilot, the emphasis will be on supporting the establishment of dry pyrolytic aluminium, which is conducive to industrial restructuring, with a view to reducing production costs and enhancing the viability of the enterprise. As appropriate, the scope of direct purchase pilot enterprises is gradually expanded.” this policy measure will effectively guarantee the sustainable development of the non-ferrous metals industry in the river basin city and will significantly accelerate the pace of building a new non-ferrous metal industry base in the city。
(i) efforts to secure preferential policies for the development of the non-ferrous metals industry. The river basin is home to non-ferrous metals and hydropower, which is very resourceful. At present, four power stations in the red water basin in the river basin are generating electricity, especially for the dragon beach power station, which has a fleet of 4. 9 million kilowatts and a wealth of electrical resources. The two resources should be organically combined, combining ore power, and transforming the resource advantage into a commodity advantage. At present, the combined electricity cost for the non-ferrous industry in the river basin is 0. 7 yuan/degree, which is 0. 25 yuan/degree higher than in yunnan and guizhou provinces. In the zinc industry, for example, the production of one ton of zinc in the river basin city requires 385 degrees of electricity consumption, at a discount of $ 0. 1 per ton of electricity, and a reduction of $400 per ton of zinc production costs. In 2008, each reduction in the price of electricity was $0. 01, with a saving of $80 million for southern dan and $ 28 million for golden river. At present, the people's government of the city of riverpool has embarked on a special study and coordination on this issue, with a view to improving the direct supply of electricity to the colored industry of the river basin, easing the pressure on the cost of electricity use, reducing the burden on businesses and accelerating the recovery of non-ferrous metal enterprises in the river basins under the financial crisis。
(ii) strongly advance the non-ferrous metals industry towards deep processing. The expansion of primary non-ferrous metal products to “high, sophisticated, deep” high-end products is promoted through the introduction of intellectual, financial and strategic investors, the strengthening of cooperation with large groups, large enterprises and professional and scientific institutions, and the full utilization of the role of the “think tank” in small highlands of non-ferrous metal talent throughout the city. Priority is given to the development of high-technology non-ferrous metal materials such as information record-keeping materials, sensitive materials, fibre-optic materials, nanomaterials, non-crystalized metal materials, new alloy materials, compound materials and the manufacturing of non-ferrous metals, adapted to the needs of aerospace, defence force workers, high-tech materials, and the development of new products and materials, the development of new consumption growth points and the stabilization and expansion of the domestic market。
(iii) accelerate the development of the non-ferrous cycling economy to achieve recycling. The mineral resources of non-ferrous metals in river basins are most marked by the presence of large quantities of rare precious metals, such as tin, americium, lead and zinc, in the main non-ferrous metals mines, which have good conditions and great potential for developing a circular economy. We need to accelerate the development of the recycling economy for the non-ferrous industry of the river basin, as required by the national plan for the revitalization of the non-ferrous metals industry, improve the recycling system of renewable resources, improve the research and integrated development capacity of the co-existence of non-ferrous metals, such as thallium, cadmium and silver, and the associated mineral resources; continue the implementation of integrated recovery projects such as slag recovery, thallium, cadmium and fine particulate low-grade metal mines; strengthen the integrated recycling of key mineral products such as thallium, cadmium, thallium, titanium and thallium; and promote the recycle economic development of sulfuriate and smelting sludge production cement in the smelting gas recovery industry and increase the capacity for the integrated use of resources. Full implementation of cleaner production, scaling up of waste management in non-ferrous metal enterprises, and establishment of a mandatory mechanism for high-priority pollution enterprises to meet standards of discharge, with major pollutant release controls within the guangxi total control target。
(iv) encourage business restructuring, optimize industry layout and work towards the construction of billions of industrial works. The three-year plan for the development of science in the city of riverpool proposes the implementation of the industrial renewal programme, which focuses on “billion-dollar industrial works, multi-million-dollar enterprise projects, brand-name engineering, industrial environmental projects” and aims to achieve the goal of adding more than 10 billion to the value of non-ferrous metals over a period of three to five years. To achieve this ambitious goal, it is necessary to encourage strong copper, aluminium, and lead and zinc enterprises to restructure in a variety of ways to achieve size, grouping and industrial competitiveness. Support for large backbone enterprises to implement cross-regional merger reorganization, intraregional reorganization and enterprise group restructuring; support for aluminium and coal and power enterprises to undertake cross-industry restructuring; and encourage inter-company restructuring of recycled metals。
(v) strengthening the development of new industrialization skills and modern enterprise management teams. As enterprises grow and grow, the role of non-ferrous metal talent in small heights should be fully exploited, the role of the “background” in cooperation with scientific institutions should be fully utilized, and the construction of a modern workforce of business managers, skilled personnel and skilled industrial workers should be accelerated. Focused development and support of the world's cutting-edge knowledge and leading national scholars, as well as technological and innovative talent with strong innovation capabilities and autonomous intellectual property rights; accelerated training programmes for highly skilled and highly skilled specialists in priority and critical industries to develop a cadre of high-quality and highly skilled professionals who are at the cutting edge of production. Implementation of skills upgrading projects for migrant workers to improve the quality of industrial workers. Strengthening the business culture and the development of the workforce, with emphasis on the development of high-quality managerial and technical skills and the promotion of sustainable and healthy enterprise development。
(vi) building on industrial advantages, interlocking the mineral wealth of asean and australian countries to facilitate the development of the non-ferrous metals industry in river basin cities. The “two markets, two resources, two sides out” initiative will continue to be implemented to promote the development of the river basin non-ferrous metals industry. Full exploitation of the vast technological power and talent of the non-ferrous industry, mature technology and extensive distribution networks provide a long-term, stable and diversified source of raw materials for the development of the non-ferrous industry in south-east asian and australian countries。
(vii) broadening access to enterprise finance. Support for strong and good enterprises to do big. It is necessary to make full use of the long-term mechanisms of cooperation between the government and the financial institutions, to broaden access to corporate finance, to actively build up the corporate marketing platform, to promote the marketing of powerful enterprises such as the golden river group, the southern corporation, the senggen corporation, the copper industry company, the zintai corporation, the kingshan company and the 5g company, to do so as soon as possible, to strengthen existing non-ferrous metal enterprises, and to encourage support for enterprises to increase their capacity for self-innovation, increase their capacity to introduce technology, create brand names, develop niche products, develop downstream products and promote the formation of industrial chains。
(viii) actively pursue the year of service enterprises. Improving working mechanisms for the development of public sector service enterprises. It is necessary to firmly establish a business-based approach, with the business of service development as its natural function, with the aim of creating strong firms, with service-oriented institutions as its vehicle for self-conscious action to help enterprises cope with the difficulties of creating a favourable environment for their development; and to implement carefully the “growing-in project” to enable foreign firms to attract, stay and develop. Entrepreneurs with the best projects, the most favourable policies and the best environmental practices have made every effort to make all eight investors pay well, so that the best entrepreneurs can start their own businesses in the river pool with confidence and care, and can make a new contribution to the economic and social development of the city as a whole。
