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Demand
Demand is the quantity of goods that consumers are willing and able to buy at a given price level for a given period。
Demand shows the amount of goods that a certain body is willing to buy for a period of time when other factors (ceteris paribus) remain constant as prices rise or fall. Under a given price, the total quantity of a particular goods that consumers are willing to purchase is referred to as demand. Demand will vary under different prices. Demand means price versus demand. If expressed as an image, it is called the demand curve。
Expression of demand
Qd=d (p,m,p1)
In the formula, p represents the price of the commodity, m represents the income of the consumer and p1 represents the price of other commodities
Meaning of demand patterns: when other factors affecting commodity demand remain constant, demand for commodities decreases as commodity prices rise, and increases as commodity prices decline. That's what we used to say about demand patterns. Only a right-down demand curve is compatible with the demand theorem. Giffen’s commodities cannot logically coexist with demand。
Special cases in the demand curve
Factors affecting demand
1. Commodity prices per se. In general, the price and demand of commodities are reversed, i. E. The higher the price, the smaller the demand, and vice versa。
2. The prices of related commodities change when the price of a commodity itself is constant and other related commodity prices change。
3. Consumer income levels increase the demand for commodities when consumer incomes rise, and vice versa, except for inferior goods。
Consumer preferences, when consumer preferences for a commodity increase, demand for the commodity increases, while preference decreases and demand decreases。
Consumers expect future commodity prices to increase current demand for a commodity as consumers expect it to rise, as rational people buy the product before prices rise. Conversely, the expected demand for the commodity would be reduced。
6. Population size
Demand sensitivity refers to the authenticity, urgency and substitution of the demand of the target consumer for that interest point。
Only a single point of interest that is real, urgent and irreplaceable can reduce the cost of choice for the target customer. This requires that when branding is built, the trueness, urgency and substitution of consumer demand must be effectively captured. According to the economics of branding, the important reason for the loss of markets for goods represented by many trademarks is that the demand for benefits is not sensitive to consumers, in particular through the transmission of abstract professional terms。
Distinction between normal and inferior commodities
When consumer income increases, it is normal if it increases the demand for commodities。
When the incomes of consumers are raised, the demand for goods is reduced and the quality of goods is poor。
Alternatives and complementarity
First, alternatives, which refer to two alternative commodities, such as increased demand for buns when prices remain constant and the prices of rolls rise。
Second, complementary products, which refer to two complementary uses, such as cameras and film, the demand for film is closely related to the price of the camera, and generally the price of the camera is rising and the demand for film is declining, with the opposite change。
Meanings of changing demand and changing demand: demand is the amount of goods purchased by households (consumers) at a certain price level over a period of time, and changes in commodity prices cause changes in purchases, which we call changes in demand. It shows a change in the point on the curve. Demand is a group of purchases at a range of price levels, and changes in non-price factors give rise to changes in the volume of purchases (e. G., income movements) that are described as changes in demand under conditions of constant commodity prices. It manifests itself in the movement of the demand curve。
From individual household to market demand
Market demand for a commodity is the sum of all household demand for a given period
The process of accessing the market demand curve according to the needs curve of individual households is shown in the following figure:
Sun, tsao, liu wah army. Bcsok: a branding system. Economic science publication. Social
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