On the evening of 31 july, at 11 p. M., the all genome design innovation team of the agricultural genome research institute of the chinese academy of agricultural sciences, a cash crop, first revealed the hybrid origin of tomato as a potato group, the formation of chips and radiation separation. The study was another major breakthrough in the “oxy potato project”, providing a new theoretical perspective for the improvement of potato breeding. The results were published in cell。
Potato cultivation is the most important tuber crop, providing staple food to 1. 3 billion people worldwide. Compared to the other species where the eggplants are near-margined, the cultivation of potatoes in the potato group and its 107 wild species have a specialized new organ, the chips, for the storage of nutrients and non-sexual reproduction. However, there is a lack of in-depth research into the origin of the potato species, the diversity of species formation and the genetic mechanisms behind the size of the potato。
In taxonomy, potato and tomato groups and potato-type groups belong to sister groups. In morphology, potatoes are more similar to potatoes, which were once considered to be the direct ancestors of potatoes and are not potatoes. However, molecularally imported chemical analysis proves that tomatoes and potatoes are more similar, and their evolutionary relationship is a mystery。
Through a combination of evolutionary genomics and molecular biology, the research team revealed the origin of the potato group in an ancient hybrid event involving tomatoes and potato-like groups 9 million years ago. The formation of new organ chips is the result of the recombining and interactive regulation of the same genes from the parent source, such as the potato-identity gene it1 from the potato-type group, while the potato mobile signal gene sp6a from the tomato group and the newly discovered functional genes drn and clf associated with the function of the chips。
The study also found that approximately 24 per cent of the genetic composition of the species within the potato group still randomly fixes the same genes in different parent books, presenting a home-grown pattern. This “marsake” genetic combination further accelerates the explosive radiation separation of potato species and creates reproductive isolation from the parent, demonstrating the superiority and adaptability of super-breeding bastards。
The study revealed, for the first time, that hybrid species can produce new organs (chip chips), enriching the theory of imported chemistry and providing fresh ideas for improved breeding of potatoes。
