Earthquakes are one of the most serious threats to the safety of human life and property. On 12 december, the ministry of emergency management and the china earthquake authority held a press conference on earthquake safety knowledge and earthquake-proof mitigation。
What's an earthquake
Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon, with millions of earthquakes occurring globally every year. At present, human beings do not have a full grasp of the mechanisms for seismic formation, and seismic predictions are only at the exploratory stage. My country is one of the world's most highly seismic and disaster-prone countries, with 33 per cent of global continental earthquakes occurring on 7 per cent of the world's territory, with approximately 57 per cent of the population, 51 per cent of cities and 58 per cent of the country at high risk of earthquakes。
The director of the china disaster defense association, zou wenwayi, described the magnitude of the energy released by an earthquake and the intensity of the impact and destruction of an earthquake on the surface. Following a major earthquake, staff were organized to map the intensity of the earthquake through instrumentation, on-site surveys and the formation of seismic maps to inform society and guide local response and recovery efforts。
After an earthquake, the depth of the source is often communicated. At the same level, the more shallow the source, the greater the destructive power; the deeper the source, the smaller the destructive power. In general, what is called a “light-source earthquake” with a depth of less than 60 kilometres, most of which is a shallow-source earthquake in the country; 60 to 300 kilometres, known as a “medium-source earthquake”, which is mainly located in the tibetan plateau; and over 300 kilometres, known as a “deep-source earthquake”, which is mainly located in the north-east。
In addition, zou weinwei explained that animal abnormalities do not represent a pattern of pre-earthquake symptoms, and that so-called “earthquake clouds” such as the “radio cloud” and “generic cloud” are virtually impossible to predict。
What if i do
“when the pre-assessed seismic level is greater than level 4 or the epicentre is greater than 5 degrees, we will issue alerts in a variety of ways, including mobile phones, television, radio, earthquake warning terminals and community loudspeakers, to alert the public to avoid them as soon as possible.” wang quan, director of the monitoring and forecasting department of the china earthquake bureau and director of the china earthquake network centre, said that。
The king's canoe introduced that if you are in the room to hide in close proximity in accordance with the principles of “sliding, blocking, holding hands”, to take a position of crouching or kneeling, to seek solid objects to cover or protect your head, such as hiding under a table or next to a couch, while holding on to the fixed things around you in order to prevent the body from sliding or being thrown out, and to avoid hangings such as glass and channers. Outside, there is a need to search for open ground and ground, far from buildings, utility poles, billboards, etc。
The chief of the gamy station of the beijing city fire and rescue brigade, which has been involved in the rescue of the earthquake on several occasions, pan yong-ho reminds that if the ruins were to be destroyed, he would first seek to build a safe space using abandoned building components, solid furniture, etc., to deal urgently with his injuries, and to collect food and water, including high humidity air and cold condensed water from metal pipes, to prolong his life. The second is to maintain a positive survival mentality, which, despite great fear and psychological pressure, must remain calm and give positive psychological hints. The most important is to effectively send a distress signal, wait for rescue without calling out out loud blindly, distribute physical strength rationally, and use objects such as bricks, steel bars, etc. Around them to strike the walls, metal pipes, etc. In a rhythm, so that rescue personnel can identify and detect。
How do you normally prevent it
“to develop good preparedness habits and to prepare families for emergencies is the first line of defence for the safety of life.” the public information spokesperson of the department of emergency management and director of the division of public information and communication, shin liao, stated that she was interested。
First, there are security hazards, such as the ageing of household electrical circuits, gas pipelines, the soundness of furniture and household electricity, such as cabinets and air conditioners, which must be addressed in a timely manner; second, household emergency kits must be prepared and necessary food, potable water, first aid drugs, life-saving shelters, blankets, etc. Must be stored; third, there is a need to learn first aid and to acquire emergency skills such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, haemorrhaging, fire extinguishers, etc.; fourth, there is a need to become familiar with escape routes and to inform families about the location of surrounding seismic shelters and evacuation routes。
“accordingly, all parts of the country are gradually being upgraded and rationalized to build shelters, which can be observed on a day-to-day basis in emergency shelters in areas of work and life, with a sense of location and evacuation routes, and are actively involved in emergency shelter exercises and skills organized by communities and institutions.” according to the seismic geology division of the department of emergency management, the second-level inspector, takayu feng。
Shin yuli indicated that the ministry of emergency management would then work with the departments concerned to carry out screening and rehabilitation of the hazards of earthquake disaster risk, promote the upgrading of housing, infrastructure and earthquake resilience in priority areas, boost the resilience of public spaces, such as old houses, schools and hospitals, and critical engineering facilities, and sustain the risk of secondary hazards such as dangerous chemical plant depots, oil and gas pipelines, reservoirs, etc.; and further prepare for earthquake disaster preparedness and response to extreme conditions such as high-altitude colds and high-temperature rainy seasons, as well as for grid break-off, road break-outs, electricity out and rescue forces, relief supplies and mass resettlement. Zhang ling was involved in writing
