How is the provision on violations of the principle of democratic concentration and the types and ranges of sanctions to which it applies understood
Article 70 violates the principle of democratic concentration by giving a warning or a serious warning of punishment for one of the following:
(ii) if an individual or a minority decides on a major issue in violation of the rules of procedure
(iii) deliberately circumventing collective decision-making on matters of importance, appointments and dismissals of key cadres, important project arrangements and the use of substantial funds
(iv) collective violations in the name of collective decision-making。
This article sets out the types and ranges of sanctions to be applied to violations of the principle of democratic concentration. How exactly should we understand that
Democratic concentration is the fundamental organizing principle of the party and an important institutional guarantee for the normal functioning of political life within the party. The charter states that “the party shall be a united whole organized in accordance with its own programme and by-laws and in accordance with the democratic centralized system” and sets out six basic principles of the democratic centralized system. The party's 19th report emphasizes that “the system of democratic concentration is perfected and implemented, with a combination of centralized and centralized democracy based on democracy, and that democracy is fully developed and centralized”. The maintenance of a system of collective leadership, combined with collective leadership and individual responsibility, is an essential component of democratic centralization and must be maintained consistently. In practice, some party organizations speak of democracy at first hand, are used to pre-empting, and major issues are put on the table without adequate preparation and discussion by the members of the team, even ignoring the views of the majority. There are those who refuse to implement or change the decisions of the higher party organizations, and those who adapt the decisions of the higher party organizations, and who call themselves collective leaders in decision-making on matters of importance to the unit, in fact individuals or minorities, collective responsibility, virtually no one, or collective violations in the name of collective decision-making. Thus, the guidelines on political life within the party in the new world state clearly state, inter alia, that “it is firmly opposed to and prevents arbitrariness or fragmentation, and it is firmly opposed to and prevented from taking decisions, from refusing to do so, and from acting in a collective manner in the name of collective decision-making by the party committee”. The establishment of clear disciplinary accountability for these issues has contributed to the realization of the principle that leaders at all levels, especially the leading leaders, are leading the implementation of democratic concentration, that individuals are subordinate to organizations, that minorities are subordinate to the majority, and that lower-level organizations are subordinate to higher-level organizations, that organizations of the whole party and all party members are subordinate to the party's national congress and central committee。
How can this article be understood, in four parts
Subparagraph (i) provides for the refusal to implement or alter without permission the material decision taken by the party organization. The so-called “significant decisions” refer primarily to the deployment of the relevant tasks of the party organizations in accordance with the rules of procedure and decision-making procedures, the appointment, removal, adjustment and disposition of cadres, and the binding and compliance of the members of the party organizations. Any major decision taken by a party organization, whether by refusing to implement it or by changing it on its own motion, in any case constitutes a disciplinary offence。
Subparagraph (ii) provides for violations of the rules of procedure whereby individuals or minorities decide on matters of importance. With regard to “violation of the rules of procedure”, the main reference is to article 10 of the party statute, which states that “every matter of major importance must be discussed and decided by the party's committee, in accordance with the principles of collective leadership, democratic concentration, individual gestation and conference decisions”, as well as specific rules of procedure and decision-making procedures established by party organizations at all levels。
Subparagraph (iii) provides for the deliberate circumvention of collective decision-making on matters of importance, the appointment and dismissal of key cadres, the organization of important projects and the use of substantial funds. “intentionally circumventing collective decision-making” means, inter alia, that individuals or minorities deliberately violate the relevant rules of procedure and decision-making procedures, do not make decisions in the form of collective discussions, conference decisions on “triple priority” matters within their competence, or, in urgent cases, are temporarily decided upon by individuals or minorities, and subsequently fail to report to the team in a timely manner. The “triple priority” concerns, inter alia, major matters, the appointment and removal of key cadres, important project arrangements and the use of substantial funds。
Subparagraph (iv) provides for collective infractions in the name of collective decision-making. While in conformity with collective rules of procedure and decision-making procedures, there are instances of collective irregularity in decision-making, which serves as a way and means of disguising the purpose of collective violations。
What specific changes have been made to the content of this article in comparison with the previous regulations
The 2003 regulations provide for this article; the 2015 amendments were amended by word; the amendments were made in the form of a list and added two cases: “intentional circumvention of collective decision-making, determination of major matters, appointment and removal of key cadres, organization of important projects and use of substantial funds” and “collective violation in the name of collective decision-making”。
How is the provision on the conduct of non-organizational activities, such as the solicitation of tickets, understood, and the types and ranges of sanctions to which it applies
Article 75 provides for a warning or a serious warning against any of the following acts: in the case of aggravating circumstances, for dismissal from the party or for probation; and in the case of aggravating circumstances, for dismissal from the party:
(i) unorganized activities such as campaigning for democratic recommendations, democratic evaluations, study tours and intra-party elections
(ii) the organization, encouragement, inducement to vote or voting in a manner contrary to the principle of organization in the event of a vote or election as provided by law
(iii) other activities in the elections that are contrary to the statutes of the party, other party statutes and relevant statutes。
In cases of organized solicitation of bribes or public solicitation of bribes, the penalty is heavier or heavier。
This article regulates the conduct of non-organization activities, such as the solicitation of votes, and the types and ranges of sanctions to which they apply. How exactly should we understand
Polling and bribing directly affects the socialist political system of china, shakes the roots of party cadres, jeopardizes the political ecology of the party and undermines its image and that of the government. The guidelines on political life within the party in the new world state clearly that “no organization or individual of the party shall in any way impede the free exercise of the right to vote by the electors, in accordance with its provisions, firmly oppose and prevent violations of the right to vote and to stand for election of the members of the party, resolutely prevent and punish, among other things, the solicitation and bribery of candidates”, and that “the conduct of high-ranking running officials, the purchase of officials, the solicitation of bribes and so forth is firmly prohibited”. Since the 18th anniversary of the party, our party has seriously investigated major cases of sabotage of the party's electoral system and the popular electoral system, such as that of hunan zhongyang, sichuan zhongyang, liaoning, etc., which reflect a clear attitude of full compliance with the rule of the party and firmness in the fight against corruption, and has strongly upheld the authority and dignity of the party's disciplinary law, with the sincere support and support of a wide range of party cadres and the people。
What is the meaning of this article, which is divided into two paragraphs, to qualify specific acts
The first is divided into three, and subparagraph (a) provides for non-organized activities such as democratic recommendation, democratic evaluation, organization of study tours and intra-party elections。
Paragraph 1 (b) provides for the organization of non-organizational activities, organized, instigated or induced to vote or vote, in accordance with the principle of organization, in the event of voting, as provided for by law, in the event of non-compliance with the intention of the organization and contrary to the principle of organization. This behaviour seriously hampers the implementation of the intention of the party organization and is extremely damaging to making the party's claims the will of the state through the legal process and to making the persons recommended by the party organization the leaders of the state organs through the legal process。
Paragraph 1 (c) provides for the conduct of other activities in elections that violate party charters, other party statutes and related bylaws, primarily the falsification of electoral documents, the alteration of election results or the misrepresentation of voting votes. As long as there is one of the first three acts, the party members should be disciplined, reflecting a zero-tolerance attitude on the part of the party organizations towards such activities。
Paragraph 2 provides for organized solicitation of bribes, or the use of public solicitations. Such acts are more serious than general campaigning, electoral campaigning, interference, etc., in undermining party discipline and party members ' rights, and have a more negative impact on political ecology. Thus, the regulations provide for a heavier or heavier penalty under paragraph 1 for both types of solicitation and bribery。
What specific adjustments have been made to this amendment compared to the previous regulations
This article was added to the regulations in 2015 when they were amended by adding a second paragraph, which would read: “strengthen or increase the penalty if an organized solicitation is made or a public solicitation is made”。
