25 april-1 may 2021
It's the 19th occupational disease prevention act throughout the country. Week
The theme was "shared health in healthy china."。
Occupational health check-ups
What do you know
Together
Eight questions for occupational diseases
Q1:
What is the theme of the campaign week of the occupational diseases act of 2021
We create healthy china and share occupational health
Q2:
What is an occupational hazard
Occupational hazards are those that may lead to occupational diseases for workers engaged in occupational activities, including chemical, physical, biological and other occupational hazards arising from occupational activities。
Q3:
What are the types of risk factors for occupational diseases
On 17 november 2015, the former national commission for the defence of human rights published the catalogue of occupational hazards, published jointly with the ministry of human welfare, the former general directorate of national security and the national general trade union, which provides for six major categories of occupational hazards, namely:
1. Dust, such as halo dust, coal dust, graphite dust, carbon black dust, asbestos dust, smoother dust, cement dust, etc。
2. Chemical factors such as lead and its compounds (excluding tetraethyl lead), mercury and its compounds, manganese and its compounds, hydrogen arsenic, chlorine gas, sulphur dioxide, ammonia, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, etc。
Physical factors such as noise, high temperature, vibration, lasers, cryogenic, microwave, industrial frequency electromagnetic fields, etc。
Radiological factors such as ionizing radiation from sealed radioactive sources, ionizing radiation from x-ray devices (including ct machines), uranium and its compounds。
5. Biological factors such as hiv (limited to health personnel and people's police), brucellosis, forest encephalitis virus, anthracis, etc。
6. Other factors such as metal smoke, poor working conditions under wells, etc。
Q4:
What are the main responsibilities for occupational disease prevention and treatment in employers
1. Financial resources for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases shall be guaranteed, and the intensity or concentration of occupational disease hazards in the workplace shall be ensured in accordance with national occupational health standards。
2. In the case of new, modified and expanded construction projects and technical improvements, and the introduction of technology projects that may cause occupational hazards, the construction unit shall conduct a pre-evaluation of occupational hazards during the feasibility phase。
3. If the employer's workplace has a risk factor for occupational diseases listed in the occupational disease catalogue, the occupational disease hazard project shall be declared promptly and in good faith to the health administration of the place where it is located。
The following occupational health management measures shall be taken in the workplace: 1) public notice boards shall be set up in visible locations, the regulations, operating procedures, emergency measures for occupational disease accident response and the results of the detection of occupational disease risk factors at the workplace, and in the case of jobs causing serious occupational disease hazards, the warning signs and the chinese alert notes shall be placed in visible locations; 2) occupational disease protection supplies which conform to the national occupational health standards shall be provided to workers, and workers shall be advised and instructed to wear and use them properly in accordance with the rules of use; 3) day-to-day monitoring shall be carried out under the exclusive responsibility of ensuring that the monitoring system is in a normal state of work and that occupational disease risk factors are regularly tested and evaluated at the workplace. The results of tests and evaluations are archived and reported to the local health administration and made available to workers。
5. For workers who are exposed to occupational hazards, occupational health checks must be organized before, during and after their departure, in accordance with the regulations, and the workers must be informed in writing of the results. The costs of occupational health checks are borne by the employer. The employer shall establish occupational health care records for the worker and keep them properly for the period specified. When a worker leaves his employer, he or she has the right to obtain a copy of his or her occupational health file, which the employer must provide in good faith and free of charge, and to sign。
6. Requirements for occupational health training: primary managers and occupational health managers should receive occupational health training; workers should be provided with regular occupational health training prior to and during their induction。
Q5:
What are the rights of workers to occupational health protection
1. Access to occupational health education and training
Access to occupational health check-ups, occupational disease treatment and rehabilitation services
3. Understanding the risk factors, consequences and measures to be taken to protect against occupational diseases that occur or may arise in the workplace
4. Require employers to provide occupational disease protection facilities that meet the requirements for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases, as well as occupational disease protection supplies used by individuals, and to improve working conditions
5. Criticism, prosecution and prosecution of violations of occupational disease laws and regulations, as well as of acts endangering life and health
6. Refusal to direct and order operations without occupational disease protection
7. Democratic management of occupational health work in employers, providing advice and recommendations on the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. The employer shall guarantee to the worker the exercise of the right to occupational health protection and the nullity of any action taken by him or her to reduce his or her wages, benefits, etc., or to terminate or terminate his or her employment contract with him or her, in accordance with the law。
Q6:
Occupational health protection. How should workers act?
Workers who are the first duty bearers of their own health shall promote occupational health practices, promote occupational health awareness and compete for occupational health, and actively prevent occupational diseases by:。
1. Pre-employment workers are required to conclude employment contracts with employers
2. Compliance with occupational health workplace or other safety protocols in employers
3. Maintain the correct use of occupational disease protection devices, such as dust masks, noiseproof ear plugs, etc., during operations
4. Timely participation in occupational health examinations organized by employers and timely review of occupational anomalies at the request of the medical examination body
5. If you detect an occupational-related disease or anomaly in your body, visit a professional body for timely examination or consultation
Actively participate in occupational disease prevention and treatment training conducted by employers, and raise awareness of self-protection through the media and online search for occupational disease knowledge。
Q7:
What are the types of occupational diseases
Classification and catalogue of occupational diseases (ndcd) [2013] (no. 48) a total of 132 occupational diseases of the 10 categories are listed as follows:
1. Occupational dust pulmonary diseases and other respiratory diseases, 13 dust pulmonary diseases and 6 other respiratory diseases
2. Occupational skin diseases, 9
3. Occupational eye diseases, 3
4. Occupational osteoporosis, 4
5. Occupational chemical poisoning, 60 types
6. Occupational diseases due to physical factors, 7 cases
7. Occupational radioactivity, 11 types
8. Occupational sexually transmitted diseases, five
9. Occupational neoplasms, 11 types
10, other occupational diseases, 3。
Q8:
What are the rights of persons with occupational or suspected occupational diseases
1. In the course of the diagnosis and identification of occupational diseases, the employer shall provide information on occupational health and health care. The costs of diagnosis and identification of occupational diseases are borne by the employer。
The employer shall arrange for the diagnosis of a suspected occupational patient in a timely manner and shall not terminate or terminate the employment contract with a suspected occupational patient during the period of diagnosis or medical observation. The costs incurred by patients suspected of occupational diseases during diagnosis and medical observation are borne by the employer。
3. Employers shall arrange for the treatment, rehabilitation and periodic examination of occupational patients in accordance with the relevant national regulations. Occupationalally ill patients who are not fit to continue their previous work should be removed from their former positions and placed appropriately。
4. The costs of treatment, rehabilitation, disability and social security for occupational patients with occupational diseases are implemented in accordance with the provisions of the state concerning occupational injury insurance. If the employer is not covered by employment injury insurance in accordance with the law, his or her medical care and livelihood are provided by the employer. In accordance with the relevant civil law, persons with occupational diseases who still have the right to compensation have the right to claim compensation from employers。
5. Changes in the workplace for occupationally ill persons shall not affect the treatment accorded to them under the law. In case of separation, merger, dissolution or bankruptcy, the employer shall carry out a health check for workers who have been exposed to occupational diseases and, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, provide for the proper placement of occupational patients。
6. Persons with occupational diseases whose employer is no longer in existence or who are unable to confirm their employment relationship may apply to the civil administration of the local people's governments for medical and social assistance。
