The yunnan department of meteorology, guided by the secretary-general xi's important statement on improving the capacity to deal with natural disasters, upholds the concept of people's supremacy and the primacy of life, implements the deployment of census offices of the state council and provincial census offices, adheres to the principle of “side-by-side census, its application and its effectiveness”, and actively promotes the application of the results of meteorological disaster risk surveys throughout the province, which strongly underpins the development of meteorological operations and achieves good results. The results of the integrated meteorological disaster risk survey are presented in yunnan province as examples of the application of census results in rural mine-awareness demonstration projects。
I. Basics for a model mine-proofing project in yunnan rural areas
Since 2011, the yunnan department of meteorological has been implementing a pilot project for rural mine risk reduction in yunnan province. Over the past 10 years, 117 demonstration sites for rural mine risk reduction have been completed, 340 mine-protected towers, 96 mine-protected emergency shelters, 753 sets of mine-protected shelters have been installed, 94 mine-awareness training programmes have been conducted in the villages where the demonstration works, and more than 31,600 copies of the mine-protected materials have been distributed. The construction of the project has gradually improved the mine-protective devices in rural areas and the areas of open space and agricultural labour, expanded the general coverage of the thunder and disaster defense section, effectively improved the self-protection and rescue capacity of the population in the event of thunder and lightning disasters, effectively protected and reduced the number of casualties in rural areas, and ensured the safety of the lives and property of the population. The project, which benefited 100 districts in 16 states (municipalities) in yunnan province, directly benefited 23,3285 people in the rural areas of the demonstration project, and about 3,6169 million people in the county radiology programme, which was endorsed and positively received by the local party committee, the government and the population at large。
The scientific application of the results of the risk survey resulted in a more scientifically sound and efficient site for the planning of model mine-proofing projects in rural areas, a marked reduction in the incidence of thunder and lightning disasters and in the damage caused by lightning strikes in the regions where the work was completed, a physical test of the effectiveness of mine-protective measures, and a clear safety and social benefit that served as a good example。
Ii. Planning sites for the application of the results of the thunder disaster risk survey
The planning of sites is an important component of the pilot project on mine risk reduction in rural areas, where alternative sites are proposed to be reported as required prior to the implementation of the project. Since the conduct of the landmine disaster risk survey, we have applied the province-wide risk analysis and assessment results to the planning sites for model projects for rural mine risk reduction, making full use of the results of the thunder disaster risk survey in the selection of sites for 24 demonstration sites in 2020, 19 demonstration sites in 2021 and 10 demonstration sites in 2022, and rational planning of site-building and prioritizing the construction of model projects for rural mine risk reduction in areas where the risk of lightning-induced disasters is high。
The proposed site demonstration site and the mine hazard area were then mapped together (figure 1), analysed the probability of lightning occurrence and thunder disaster risk in the proposed site area, combined with survey data on the cause of the lightning disaster, as well as the local pregnancy environment and disaster response, and assessed the safety and reasonableness of the planned site and made scientific engineering planning. The results of the meteorological disaster risk survey were validated in the reverse direction of the demonstration site, as a complement to and refinement of the meteorological disaster risk survey results, and the actual location of the demonstration site was mostly in areas with a higher level of thunder hazard hazard。
Iii. Explicit mine impact risk assessment using the results of the thunder disaster risk survey
The results of the thunder disaster risk survey were used to carry out a refined lightning-shock risk assessment, analyse the spatial and temporal distribution and hazard characteristics of the mine-related activities in the area of engineering construction, take into account the actual circumstances on the ground, conduct a comprehensive risk calculation of the potential casualties, the extent of loss of property and the range of hazards caused by lightning, capture key and weak links, determine the level of protection for lightning at demonstration points, and provide a scientific basis for the design and construction of protective engineering lightning。
Iv. Optimizing the construction programme based on the results of the lightning disaster risk survey
Based on the risk of lightning-induced disasters, construction is carried out to a certain degree, taking into account the actual situation. One is the optimization of flash density, soil resistance rates and ground resistance. Subterranean resistance is properly eased in areas with high and low flash density of soil, and is minimized in areas with high but high flash density of soil. The second is the optimization of flash strength and mine avoidance configuration. (c) areas with clearly higher flash intensity select a mine avoidance device based on national normative standards with a fluid capacity capable of absorbing the extreme ground flash strength. Third, the construction process circumvents the thunderstorm season and period, and the scientific schedule is designed to provide temporary protection measures, as needed, to effectively reduce the risk of lightning strikes during the construction process。
V. Transport repairs and contingency planning based on the results of the lightning disaster risk survey
The results of the census are also fully applied when construction is completed, in daily inspections and maintenance repairs, based on the frequency and intensity of lightning activity, assessment of the probability of flashing and damage risk, rational integration of security detection of mine-protected devices, time for inspection and repair, and scientific risk avoidance. Based on the frequency of lightning flashes, the spatial and temporal distribution of lightning activity, and the combined risk of lightning, targeted mine-awareness contingency plans are developed。
Yunnan department of meteorology
29 november 2022
