Type 95 5. 8 mm automatic rifle was developed by china armaments and equipment group inc. Under the industrial name qbz-95 (“95 moves”), a second 5. 8 mm rifle developed by china on its own initiative after the qbz-87 automatic rifle. Together with qbb-95 machine guns, the first to be equipped with troops stationed at the port in 1997 and the subsequent re-loading of the marine, maritime and air force combat units and the armed police force are now the largest and most common single-armament weapon in the entire army。
As soon as the "95 paces" were visible, it was so cool that it was rated. Owing to the introduction of calf structures, no rifle butts, conductive auto-gas, revolving locks, and extensive use of engineering plastics for external materials, the heavy, flat, and small-sized type of gun has been altered to highlight the characteristics of a short, light and portable weapon. The multifunctionalization of external installations, the compact layout and the optimization of the structure have resulted in a “95-step” look of beauty, a handsome visual impact comparable to that of the french famas and the united states m4a1 rifles。
Type 95 5. 8 mm automatic rifles were developed in 1989 and were designed in 1995. Its design, which captures the advantages of 63, 81, 82, 86 and 87, and circumvents the long-suffering designers ' imitation and development, large and small calibres, monographics and clans, as well as long and short, light and heavy, simple and complex disputes, has successfully emerged from a path of self-development of small calibres, lightweights and serialized gun races and has led to major innovations in design concepts。
During the “95-step” indicator validation, model development and trial testing stages, the overall tactical capability and level of the gun race was ensured by maintaining the tactical requirements of the class at the centre of the class and by working together around class tactics. On the basis of this idea, the designer implemented an integrated design based on a gun-clan-based system, a nucleus-centred approach and a focus on fittings and specialized parts. It is this series of innovations that have made china truly out of the path of autonomous development of chinese firearms。
The “95-step” is widely used in new technologies, materials and processes, and the overall technology is among the world's leading. All steel components of firearms are treated with chemical composite membrane phosphorus, aluminium alloy parts are treated with rigid anodeoxidation, barrel exercise, plastic retrofitting, numerically controlled processing of critical parts, which better addresses the environmental adaptability of the guns, operational reliability, maintenanceability on the battlefield and accuracy of multiple attitude shooting。
Comprehensive tests show that the “95-step” composite index is among the top ten in the world. If the single-shot accuracy index reaches 9. 5, it is similar to the french famas, but is better than the united states m-16 and the soviet ak-74. Prior to the stereotyping, “95 steps” were subjected to the most stringent environmental tests, the test parameters were set to be harsher than the israeli gun art-21, and their adaptability to the harsh environment was fully tested and validated in the army's combat training. At the same time, 78. 7 per cent of the spare parts of the 95-type all-gun clan are interchangeable, and the inter-ethnic self-mobilization is fully universal, which is extremely beneficial for replacements on the battlefield。
Type 95 5. 8 mm automatic rifle fire is strong. The use of 5. 8 mm, which is closer to the optimal calibre, combined with the weight of the bullet, the high performance of the ammunition, the speed of the launch, the high accuracy of the firing, and the ability to mount a 35 mm grenade launcher, ensured a “95-step” level of ignition and penetration. The “95-step” shell at an initial speed of 930 m/s, with a single blast of 40 rounds/minutes and a series of 100 rounds/minutes at a direct range of 375 m and a effective range of 400 m. It is equipped with five magazines, each with 30 rounds. Boxes are generally used for the delivery of ammunition and, if necessary, drums。
The test showed that the 5. 8 mm ammunition used at “95-step” had a clear advantage over the nato generic 5. 56-mm gun and the russian 5. 45-mm gun, in terms of the weight of the warhead, the kinetic energy of the rifle, the kinetic energy of 400 metres, the kinetic energy of 600 metres, and the intrusive and lethal power of the range. At a distance of 600 metres through a 2 mm thick cold-rolled steel plate, 14 centimetre-heavy pine sheet can continue, with 100 per cent penetration at a 300-metre distance through a 10 mm cold-rolled steel plate, while similar firearms abroad, such as m4a1 in the united states, famas in france and aug in austria, are relatively low. High-speed and high-power fire are very beneficial for the purpose of tactical coordination in conducting class raids, which also fully reflects the advanced philosophy of the 95-type gun race in pursuit of overall performance。
As one of the most basic individual weapons, the “95-step” configuration has since been tested, in addition to day-to-day tasks such as training, duty and so forth, by a number of operational missions, which have been well received by the troops. In particular, their short-shots are both portable and operational. The high generality of its equipment, which is easy for both production and maintenance. High reliability ensures that it is used 24 hours a day, especially by officers and officers. During multiple outreach shows, joint training and joint tests, external testers also generally reflect a more stable dynamic character of the “95-step” than that of a foreign weapon, with a gun, a comfortable aim, a lower recoil and vibration at the time of the shooting, and a high firepower and precision of the ignition and bursts。
Of course, because of the conditions and level of awareness and technological strength at the time, there is some room for improvement in the design and manufacture of the 95mm automatic rifle. For example, internal equipment design is too complex, to some extent affecting battle-ground recovery. The inconsistent quality control standards for aircraft in different batches and locations create difficulties for quality control after firearms maintenance. The functional expansion is too simple to simplify the structure, but it also limits subsequent adaptation to multifunctional and modularization. The earlier batch lacked air-storage lock-up to allow for quick loading after a warning to the user。
To that end, china armaments and equipment group inc. Made several batch improvements to the 95-type gun group, including the qbz-95b assault rifle, around 2003. The improved 95-type human body has been made more effective, with new improvements in technical and tactical performance and increased practicality, through improvements such as simplified design, additional airlock hang-up, increased barrel weight and lower targeting baselines。
(by the military academy of sciences)
Wang changqin
