The term “measurement” was termed “measurement” before the establishment of the new china, meaning length, capacity and weight. After the establishment of new china, the term “measurement” was confirmed in 1953, replacing the thousands of years of measures and giving them a broader content. According to the technical instruction on measurement jjf 1001-2011, common metric terminology and definitions, “measurement” refers to activities that achieve unit uniformity and accuracy of quantity. Measurement is measurement, derived from measurement, but stricter than general measurement, which covers the whole area of measurement and serves as guidance, supervision and assurance to measurement as prescribed by law。
The concept of measurement evolved as social production developed. When the development of production and the exchange of goods becomes a social activity, there is an objective need for uniformity of units of measurement and for the same object to be measured in different locations and by different means within certain accuracy. To this end, the establishment of uniform unit systems in statutory form, the establishment of measurement benchmarks, standards and the use of such measurement benchmarks and standards for the validation of other measuring devices, as well as the assurance of accuracy and reliability of volume values, have created a new concept different from measurement — measurement — or, conversely, measurement。
Measurement, which covers industrial and agricultural production, defence construction, scientific experiments, domestic and foreign trade and people's lives, health and safety, is an important technological basis for the national economy. With rapid socio-economic development, measurement has evolved to 10 majors, such as length, temperature, mechanics, electromagnetics, opticals, acoustics, chemistry, radio, time frequency, ionizing radiation, based on historical measures, and has resulted in an independent discipline in the field of measurement of knowledge. It can be said that all activities that achieve unit harmonization and guarantee the accuracy and reliability of volume are within the scope of measurement。
Measurement takes many forms of classification。
1. Three categories can be classified according to the nature of the work:
Scientific measurement: exploratory, pioneering research
Engineering measurement: applications in engineering, industrial enterprises
Rule of law measurement: compulsory government administration。
2. Classification by professional and subject matter: can be divided into ten categories: length, temperature, mechanics, electromagnetic, optical, acoustic, chemical, radio, time frequency, ionizing radiation。
3. Classification by mandate: can be classified into seven categories: general, practical, theoretical, technical, legal, economic, quality, etc。
