Coal is an important mineral resource in the world, with international energy experts estimating that the world's coal reserves amount to approximately 687. 5 billion metric tons of standard coal. Coal is the country's main energy source, and its production and consumption amount to approximately 1. 2 billion metric tons per year. The development and use of coal resources is an important material basis for the development of the national economy and the livelihood of the people. From the variety of coal produced in our country, smoke-free coal accounts for about 20 per cent of total production, about 75 per cent and only 5 per cent of lignite. Coal is used extensively, both as a fuel and as an important industrial feedstock. Coal is chemically decomposed and used in an integrated manner to produce hundreds of chemical materials; it is an important means of life for people in both urban and rural areas. As can be seen, coal is closely related to modern industries and agriculture, as well as to people's lives. Therefore, the first thing to do is to know the basics of coal. I. Coal generation coal is the remains of ancient organisms (mainly plants) formed by biological and chemical changes. There are basically two phases, the first of which is the coalization phase, from plants to peat. When plants die, piled up in water-filled swamps, they begin to have oxygen deficiency in water, and are then isolated from the air under water and, with bacteria, know that parts of plants continue to break down and interact and that the bodies of the plants after zui become brown or brown sludge, which is peat. This process, it's called the peatification process. It will take a long period of geological history and millions of years. The second phase, from peat to lignite, from lignite to smoke coal, and from coal to smokeless coal. When peat layers form. Water often washes low-lying areas of the continent, bringing with it large amounts of up sand, rocks and the formation of rock formations (known as the top plates) in the mud. The peat layer buried under the roof, under pressure from the top plate, has undergone a series of changes, such as pressure, water loss, adhesive aging, rigidity, and, at the same time, its chemical composition has slowly changed to a larger, denser brown coal. When the top plate is thickened, the silent pressure of the top plate increases, and the temperature in the coal layer increases, the coal content changes, moving from the act of forming rock to the act of deformation based on the temperature effect. This has gradually turned brown coal into smoke-free coal. With higher temperatures, zui could eventually become graphite. Coal production must have four preconditions: (1) plant conditions. (2) climate conditions. (3) geographical conditions. (4) crust conditions. Distribution of coal resources (1) north china (mainly the west of the mountain) 1. Large-scale ore: more than millions of tons of annual production, which is weakly adhesive coal, and its main varieties are block, coal and coal, which are good for kilns and boilers. 2. Fountain mines, which are smoke-free and consist mainly of lumps and tailings suitable for industrial ash, roasted food, gas, etc., and can be used as raw materials for civilian coal. 3. Oscillation, which belongs to the main coal-charting industry, with the main varieties being coal-cleaning, steel-making, gas, etc. 4. Land mines in the west of the country: coal, which is weakly adhesive, is the main type of coal and applies to boilers in various industries. The original coal is of better quality and contains 30 to 40 per cent of the block, especially since companies have filtering equipment that can be processed and processed for the sale of the piece of coal, which can be used for the distribution of grains and tails. 2. Northwest territory: a) uda mine: fat-coated coal, with its main varieties being original coal, mixed coal, suitable for boiler coal. (b) sea bay mine: coal-charded, mainly purified and used in the steel industry. (c) headings: coal, the main type of which is lumpy and mixed, applies to boilers in all sectors. 3. North-east: of these, liaoning province's general mining unit: (1) the department of mines and mines, which belongs to the gas coal and fire coal, has a variety of varieties such as rinse coal, washing large, medium coal, washing small pieces of coal, washing dust, washing powder, platinum, etc. For various kilns and boilers. (ii) new minerals bureau: pyrotechnic coal, with varieties such as rinse, pellets, dust, powder, original coal, etc. For kilns, boilers, coal. (3) the northern minerals department: is fatty coal, which is purified. For steel and gas-specific coal. (4) shenyang minerals bureau: fat, smoke-free, lignite. Shenyang is surrounded by mines of the shenyang minerals bureau, whose varieties rarely apply to our city's industrial and agricultural production and people's use of coal, such as shenbei's four mines for water clearing, the bridge mine, the puddle mine and the former dump, all of which are brown. It is difficult to sell because of the situation in the market economy, which is priced in qualitative terms. Poor quality such as bridges and water mines have been closed since 1994. Shennan, which is rich in luminous and red diamond mines, is in principle purified into purified coal, which is used exclusively for steel and gas production: raw coal, by-products, can be burned or made coal alone. In liaoyang, there are also sima mines, which are smoke-free: coal, which applies to coal for cement, ash, civilian coal, etc. Mines such as mining in this creek, cattle heart mines, etc. Are smoke-free and lean coal. During the planned period of the economy, the target was to allocate more than 1 million tons of coal to our city, which, as a result of the plan's distribution, is cheaper on the market and has a “triang”, of which two are the varieties produced by shenyang minerals. (5) the southern minerals bureau (som): it belongs to the coal pyrotechnic coal, which consists of a single coal, mixed coal and original coal. (6) bureau of iron minerals: it belongs to the coal pyrotechnic coal, which is of a variety such as rinse, mass, pellets, fumes, original coal, etc. There are mines such as the great lung mine, the grand ming mine, the little ming mine, the big hing mine, the xiaonan mine, the small green mine, the small coal mine, etc. The iron minerals bureau, each of which is a new type of mine, produces an annual increase of millions of tons. Its coal and heat values are around 4,000 calories, and thermal values vary significantly from pyrotechnic coal produced by the new minerals bureau. Iron coal is suitable for coal use in power plants and boilers. Iron is more than 100 km from shenyang and is relatively close, with rail and automobile transport. In the case of coal varieties, quality, prices, etc., and in the case of our industrial and agricultural production and the use of coal for people's living, the company's efficiency and social benefits are greatly enhanced by the increased use of iron. (a) in the jilin region: (1) the office of interrupted minerals (acm): which belongs to coal coke, its varieties are mainly rinsed and adapted to special uses such as steel and gas. (2) liao source minerals bureau: gas, coal coal coal, with varieties of grain, tails and original coal. (a) heilongjiang region: (1) office of crane minerals, which belongs to the gas coal, whose varieties include, inter alia, coal washing, washing, mixing, and so forth. The main mines are the completion of the german mine, the northern open-air mine, the southern mine, the boom mine, the rich mine, the mainland mine and the boom mine. Suitable for steel, gas and boilers. (2) double duck mountain minerals bureau: belongs to gas, lean coal, weak bond coal. The main types of mines are purified coal, coal, coal mixed, coal original, etc. The main ones are qingdong mine, qingxi mine, quantai mine, qingshan mine, seven star mine, zhong mine, new zing mine and east guard mine. For steel refining, gas, and various boilers. (3) bureau of seven river minerals: gas, coal coal. The main varieties are rinse coal, piece coal, mixed coal, original coal, etc. The main mines are new mines, emerging mines, new mines, peach mines, wind mines, rich well mines, suitable for power plants, steel refining, gas and coal for boilers. The mine is mainly coal-charted and difficult to burn alone. (4) chicken west minerals bureau: gas, coal-coated. The main varieties are coal washing, coal swirling, coal mixing, raw coal etc. The main mines are the shangshan mine, the small sing mountain mine, the drilong mine, the ming mine, the mau mine, the second river mine, the maungyang mine, the avenue trench mine, the chang xing mine, the east sea mine, the flat mine, the almond mine, etc. It is suitable for power generation, steel refining, gas and various boilers。
