Landscape design is increasingly welcomed and valued as a corollary of socio-economic development and as a direct manifestation of the growing emphasis on environmental quality. Today, in the context of residential commodification, real estate developers are paying increasing attention to the environment in small areas. The environment has become the primary consideration for home purchase as important as the type and location of household. Environmental landscape design is no longer a simple centre green field plus greening in front of the house, and simply meets the greenland rate. Landscape design is carried out in conjunction with district planning, architectural style and property business culture。
Facility environment optimization
The landscape of urban settlements is different from the greening of urban roads, and attention is paid not only to green land rates but also to the construction of venues for different groups of people, such as areas for the elderly, youth sports, children's playgrounds and basic services, in order to meet the basic needs of people of different ages。
The landscape design of the area of activities for the elderly consists mainly of two components: the construction of a comfortable plant environment and the construction of a reasonable space for activities. Since the service population of such spaces is older, plant selection should be based on the selection of colourful, seasonally distinct, non-toxic and non-defunct plant species, the characteristics of the general view of older persons should be taken into account in plant configurations, and the condensation of plants should be seen in landscapes; space should be sensitive to spatial partitions and condensation, safety guarantees, and dynamic separation should be considered in different regions, creating privacy and open recreational spaces。
The development of sports and physical education among young people is of great concern, and the provision of suitable, safe and comfortable sports spaces for young people must be addressed in the design of modern settlements. It is designed to provide young people with sports fields such as basketball, football, badminton, ping-pong, etc., in a manner appropriate to the circumstances. In addition, sports sites for young people should be kept away from children's playgrounds in order to prevent unintended harm to young children by sports equipment such as basketball and football, and the planting of toxic, stabbing and drifting plants that are harmful to young people's sports should be avoided。
Children are a special group in all areas and, because of their young age, live in more harmonious, pleasant and comfortable environments. As a result, children's play areas should be designed in accordance with the principles of safety, taste and systematicness, creating an open, bright and fully luminous outdoor environment, and, in order to facilitate parents ' better care of their children, should be provided with rest seats in suitable premises. In addition, children's play facilities are designed to provide children of all ages with basic needs for growth and recreation, based on ensuring their play experience and the safety of their play. At the same time, residential children's playgrounds should be accessible to children of all ages, open to exploration and self-perception, and compatible with community culture. Therefore, the children's theme park in the settlements should focus on age-mixing activities, stereospaces and subject matter。
In order to create a safe, comfortable and healthy habitat, settlements need to be equipped with a well-equipped and accessible infrastructure, including roads, utilities, waste collection points, street lights, car and bicycle parking. Basic services are designed with due regard to the scope of their services and the population, in order to meet the basic needs of the local population, to create a comfortable and orderly living environment, with the aim of improving the population's living well-being index。
Greenland plant configuration
A good plant configuration improves the ecological environment of the settlements, improves air quality in the settlements and creates a comfortable, fragrance, small climate. Plant configurations should be based on the theoretical requirements of settlements and the principles of plant distribution, creating a natural ecological habitat。
There are more than 300 species of plants commonly used in landscape design, which are popular because of their natural appearances, the appearance of flowers and the beauty of their colours. China's thousands of-year-old cultural traditions have also spawned a variety of plant cultures, and different plants can express different feelings and cultural connotations, and play a role in the baking atmosphere, such as plumes, lanterns, bamboos, chrysanthemums, silt and unscathed lotus, as well as strong cedars。
On the basis of predominantly native plants, as far as possible, tree species of high value, adaptability and conservation are selected, with attention paid to the number of plants up, down and in a condensed mix of plants. Through a rational mix of plant materials, the distinctive aesthetic characteristics of each plant, such as its shape, colour, scent and rhyme, are highlighted so that the plant space has a considerable view of the four seasons, maximizing the landscape of the plant and creating ecological natural habitat。
With rapid socio-economic development, china's urban growth has accelerated and the urban population is growing. Rapid industrial development, population pressure and environmental pollution have caused some ecological damage. Greening has become an important task in the construction of modern cities. The settlements, which are the main places of life for the people, are grown in a variety of greens, leaves, flowers, etc., which not only satisfy the population's aspirations to the natural environment, but also raise the level of their greening and effectively protect the ecological balance of the urban environment。
The choice of plant characteristics should be taken fully into account in the construction of green areas, in addition to changes in plant form and season. The main approaches are as follows:
Choose plants that are not harmful to human safety. In the selection process, the use of plants that are susceptible to dangerous reactions, such as toxic, thorny and allergic plants, is avoided to the extent possible. The selection of multi-level plants to form natural plant groups, using a combination of permafrost and fallow, flowers and leaves, and troughs and fruits to enhance the overall environmental beauty of the settlements and meet the needs of the four-season plant landscape. Based on the colours of the different plants, the green landscape of the settlements is vividly shaped by the use of larger-coloured trees in the leaves colours。
Principles for the landscape design of secure housing
As the housing security policy continues to improve, the size, quantity and quality of the guarantee housing complex has improved considerably. The guarantee housing district landscape design refers mainly to the public green space available to households in the neighbourhood, providing them with space for their activities, contacts, leisure, etc。
Landscape design should be tailored to local climates, topography and soil conditions in order to maximize ecological and economic benefits. Different climatic conditions may have different impacts on plant growth, such as a temperate continental monsoon climate in most parts of the country, which is dry, wind and sandy and long periods of light. Different soil conditions can affect plants to varying degrees, soil infertiles and malnutrition can lead to poor plant growth or even death. Therefore, plant varieties suitable for local growth should be selected in the design, and different topographic conditions can affect plant growth, such as backwinds and higher terrains that lead to plant growth and colour。
Landscape design needs to be sensitive to the mental needs and behavioural characteristics of the inhabitants and to reflect human concerns. People are the most active agents in landscape design and the demands of landscape environments are diverse. In the design of the small area of guaranteed housing, the characteristics and psychological needs of the occupants must be fully taken into account, people must be placed at the centre of the population and a better living environment must be provided. In the design of the landscape, it is necessary to have the necessary facilities, such as gymnasium equipment, children's play facilities, and so on, with a view to providing for the needs of the population, so that residents can feel humanized during rest, recreation, fitness, etc。
The principle of ecological priority is of particular importance in the landscape design of guarantee housing units, which, since they are constructed mostly by local residents and require a high standard of living, must be designed with due regard to ecological factors, such as the use of plant landscapes, the creation of suitable plant communities and the improvement of soil fertility. In addition, a number of energy-efficient and environmentally friendly facilities, such as solar street lights, automatic spraying systems, could be used, and natural and artificial landscapes could be combined to improve ecological quality in small areas。
In the design of the landscape of the secure housing complex, in addition to the effects of the landscape, the safety and applicability of the site need to be taken into account, and the safety of the occupants must be ensured, while its impact is also avoided by severe weather conditions such as wind and snow. In terms of suitability, full consideration needs to be given to users of the guaranteed housing sector to meet their functional needs, such as the design of residential facilities for the elderly and children's areas in the guaranteed housing sector, e. G. The use of epdm plastics on the floor of outdoor exercise and soft pvc floors for indoor exercise, which can be sliding, grinding and flexible to meet the needs of persons of different ages。
A common tree species for small area landscape greening
Depending on the circumstances of the settlement, such as the shade, the sun, the wall, the roof, the balcony, etc., tree species shall be selected:
As a place where people live, the selected plants cannot by themselves produce pollution, irritation and allergies. It is not appropriate to plant a large number of flying hairs, falling trees, such as willows, silver almonds, beaks, bells, trees, etc., with toxic, thorny, exotic and allergy plants, such as paint trees, peaches, pinetails, bones, etc. Flying-free, pollen-less and leaf-crushed plants should be chosen。
Pollution of living areas comes mainly from boiler smoke, household sewage, sewage, air pollution and dust up in the surrounding streets. The selected tree species (plants) should have a strong absorptive and purification capacity, such as chastity, guangyuland, zhuang tree, sodium, yongpa, yang, faqing, and guava。
Lighting in settlements has always been a priority for all the sub-regions because of the isolation of buildings, and it is not worth it if it is caused by problems with tree species. It is therefore necessary to select more leaves and less regular green trees, and the recommended species are mainly fascist and mussels。
Settlements are places where people live, rest and roam, and should give them a comfortable and pleasant feeling. But in the traditional aesthetics of china, the pine of the needle tree gives people a sense of solemnity and moderation. The area should therefore be dominated by the planting of broad-leaved trees, which is even more important by the roads and houses。
The four-season landscape and its greening effects are to be considered, using long green and leafy trees, wood and shrubs, fast-growing trees and slow-growing trees, together with a focus on generality, and the configuration of different tree shapes and colours. Growing green fences, flowers, grasses, making joe, irrigation, flowers, fences, grasses, and enriching the residential environment. Spring blossoms (white jadeland, jell-o, cloves, cloves etc.), summer shades (face maple, guang yuland, etc.), autumn or coloured leaves (gold li, ugly, zhuang trees, etc.) and holly (fa chong, yan, hairyong, yang, etc.)。
The greening of walls, various fences, low walls enhances the vertebrate effect of residential areas and shields ugly things with the use of reptiles. The likeness of the earth, the fruit of the leaves, the lush, the ivy, and the corn。
A selection of healthy, well-managed, disease-free, endemic and good tree species. It is possible to plant the roots of the ground and the flowers that are so productive that they can both reduce costs and achieve good value outcomes, such as beauties, sunflowers, jadeshells, drugs, onions, persian daisies, bossies, and so on。
Plants that plant a certain amount of results and seeds can simulate natural landscapes, attract birds, and form "bird fragrances" environments, such as plums, gold and silver, apples, pry, sunflowers, willows, reds。
