The quigining i, maslow ii, discovery ii, discovery ii, iii, iii, iii, iii, iii, iii, iii, iii, iii, iii, iii, iii, iii, iii: security needs, iv, iv, iv, iv, iv, iv, iv, iii, v, iv, v, iv, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, x, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v, v the book divides human needs into five levels, from low to high: biological needs, safety needs, social needs, respect for needs, and self-realization needs. Chinese name: maslows hierarchy of needs abraham maslow time: 1943: the theory direction of human incentives: incentives, pay game, management application area: human resources, psychology, education ii. The discovery introduction to abraham maslow was born in brooklyn, new york city. He was admitted to cornell university in 1926, transferred to university of wisconsin three years later to study psychology, and received a doctorate in 1934 under the guidance of a well-known psychologist, harold, after which he remained in school. Assistant at the university of columbia in the field of psychological studies. Associate professor, brooklyn college, new york, 1937. After the second world war, he was transferred to the university of blandes as professor of psychology and head of department, where he began researching the psychological characteristics of a healthy personality or self-improvement. Appointed professor and head of department of psychology at the university of blandes in 1951. Departed in 1969 and became the first permanent member of parliament of the galli foanyalyn charity foundation. Maslow continues to write " motivation and personality " , " psychological exploration of existence " , " religion, values and high experience of existence " , " scientific psychology " , " the realm of human ability " , " the theory of human motivation " , and " the theory of human motivation " , which has had far-reaching effects since its inception. To date, it has been used in the human resources sector, the education sector, the management of mobile populations, the management of young teachers, the exploitation of water resources, management psychology, and enterprise remuneration. Iii. The theoretical content of the maslow theory divides demand into five categories: biological needs (physiology needs), safety needs, love and belonging, respect (esteem) and self-realization (self-realization), in descending order. After self-fulfilling demand, there is self-exceeding (self-transcendence needs), but usually not as a necessary level of the maslow demand hierarchy, most of them moving themselves beyond integration into self-realization needs. It is common understanding that if a person lacks food, safety, love and respect at the same time, the demand for food is usually the strongest, and other needs are less important. And at this point, people's consciousness is almost entirely dominated by hunger, and all energy is used to get food. In this extreme case, the whole meaning of life is eating, and nothing else matters. Only when people are liberated from biological needs can higher and more socialized needs arise, such as safety. 1. First level: physical needs for breathing, water, food, sleep, physical balance, and genocinity, which if not satisfied (other than sex) cannot function normally. In other words, human life is threatened. In this sense, biological needs are the primary driving force for action. Maslow believes that only when these basic needs are met to the extent necessary for survival, other needs will become a new incentive, and by this point, these relatively met needs will no longer be an incentive. 2. Second level: security requires physical security, health security, resource ownership, property ownership, moral security, job security, family safety. Maslow considers the whole organism as a mechanism for safety, and human perception of organs, 3-effect organs, intelligence and other energy is primarily a tool for safety, and even science and life stances can be seen as part of meeting security needs. And of course, once that need is met, it's no longer an incentive. 3. Third level: emotional and belonging needs friendship, love, sexual intimacy, and everyone wants to have relationships and care for each other. Emotional needs are more nuanced than biological needs, which relate to a person's physical characteristics, experience, education, religion. 4. Fourth level: respect requires self-respect, confidence, achievement, respect for others, respect for others, the desire of everyone to have a stable social status, and social recognition of the abilities and achievements of individuals. The need for respect can be divided into internal and external respect. Internal respect means that one wants to be strong, competent, confident and independent in a variety of situations. In short, internal respect is human self-esteem. External respect means a person's desire for status, prestige, respect, trust and appreciation. Maslow believes that the need for respect is met, and that it gives people confidence in themselves, enthusiasm for society, and the value of their life. 5. Fifth level: the need for self-realization requires ethics, creativity, self-consciousness, problem resolution, fairness, acceptance of reality, self-realization is the need at the highest level. It refers to the need to realize individual ideals, aspirations, to use individual capabilities to the maximum extent possible, to reach the level of self-realization, to accept themselves as well as others, to solve problems, to be more self-conscious, to be independent, to be undisturbed and to do everything commensurate with their abilities. That is to say, people must do a good job so that they can feel the greatest joy. According to maslow, the approach taken to meet the need for self-realization varies from person to person. The need for self-realization is to work to realize their potential and to make themselves increasingly the person they want. 46. The need for higher demand self-exceeding is an ambiguous argument in the maslow demand-level theory. Usually combined into self-realization needs. In 1954, maslow, in his book incentives and personality, explored two other needs mentioned in his earlier writing: the need for knowledge and the need for aesthetics. These two needs were not included in his hierarchy of needs, and he thought they should be between the need for respect and the need for self-realization. Theoretical resolution 1. Gradient but not fixed five types of ascendation need to move from low to high as a ladder, but this order is not entirely fixed, can change and there are exceptions. 2. There are two basic starting points for the theory of the level of demand when one level of need is met, one level of need is met, and the other level of need is met when one level of need is met; and the other level of need is met before multiple needs are met; when the need is met, the latter needs show the incentive. 3. The pursuit of a higher level of need is generally driven by the relative satisfaction of one level of need, moving to a higher level, and by the pursuit of a higher level of need. Correspondingly, the need for basic satisfaction is no longer an incentive. 4. The five competing needs of interdependence can be divided into two levels, of which the physical, security and emotional needs are low-level needs that can be met through external conditions; the need for respect and the need for self-realization are high-level needs that can be met through internal factors, and the need for one person to respect and self-realize is endless. During the same period, a person may have several needs, but at all times there is a dominant need to determine behaviour. None of this needs to go away because of the development that is needed at a higher level。levels of needs are interdependent and overlapping, and when higher levels of needs develop, lower levels of needs remain, although the level of behavioural impact is significantly reduced. According to maslow and other behavioural psychologists, the hierarchy of needs of most people in a country is directly related to the country's level of economic, scientific and technological development, culture and people's level of education. In developing countries, where biological and safety needs account for a larger proportion of the population, higher needs account for a smaller proportion; in developed countries, the opposite is true. Theoretical application 1. Application of physiological needs (physiological needs), also known as the lowest-level and most advantageous needs, such as food, water, air, sexuality, health. The characteristic of failure to satisfy biological needs: nothing to think about, to live, to think, to think, to be very fragile. For example, when a person desperately needs food, he or she steals it by whatever means. People do not line up for bread in times of war. It's assumed that people work for pay, and they motivate their subordinates with their biological needs. Incentives: increase wages, improve working conditions, grant more leisure time and rest periods, increase welfare benefits. 2. Security needs apply to security needs, which are equally low-level and include physical security, stability of life and protection from suffering, threats or illness. The character of insecurity: feeling threatened by things around you, feeling the world is unfair or dangerous. It's dangerous, it's dangerous, it's stressful, it's uncomfortable, it's bad. For example, a child who is being bullied at school by his classmates, unfairly treated by his teacher, is beginning to believe in society and become afraid to express himself or to have a social life (because he thinks that socialization is dangerous) to protect himself. One
