The article provides a brief analysis of the value of small aroma cultivation and then provides more practical technical guidance and theoretical and practical value for small aroma-scale cultivation in a variety of areas, including field selection, seedling, weeding, field management and pest control。
The small aroma, also known as fragrance, is born in europe and has been cultivated in most parts of the country, and has been growing sporadically in my county for many years
1. Plant properties and market value of small aroma
The small aroma, which is in the range of 50 to 100 cm high, can sometimes grow to 200 cm, with an empty penis, with a larger branch, with a vertical gutter on its surface, covered with white powder, a small aroma, which is used as a cooking sauce because of its strong fragrance, has a long-standing eating habits in the country, while the small aroma is also of medicinal value, which can be used as a chilling pain and can be used to treat stomach disease, vomiting and back pain. In recent years, consumption of natural spices has been increasing, and small aroma has again become an important ingredient for consumption。
Small aroma, which is used as a saucer, is more effective at fresh food, while the smell of wind drying falls sharply and loses much of its value, so it is not suitable for drying to be used elsewhere. As a result, the cultivation of small aroma in various locations is of good economic value and is rarely influenced by inputs from the field. The small aroma is more adaptable to growth and can be cultivated in most parts of the country。
2. Landing and landscape
In the cold climate of small aroma, the requirements for soil are less stringent and it is appropriate to choose a fertile neutral soil or a weak acid soil. Land parcels need to be well-soiled and drained to prevent water accumulation。
As a fragrance crop, where sufficient organic fertilizers are applied to ensure good quality and where chemical fertilizers can guarantee the requirements for their strength, the lack of special elements that make up spices can result in a decline in product quality. Experience has shown that high-quality, decomposed farmers are required to be fatter 3 to 5t per hectare, then to farm deep enough to reach 25 cm or more, and that long-term swirling plots need to be pineed and ploughed to form 130 to 150 cm wide, with a distance of 30 cm。
3 seeding and seedlings
It is also possible to reproduce seeds that are available in production in separate strains, which are simple to reproduce and are fast to plant, but are ageing, suitable for small family planting needs, and produced on a scale by reproduction。
When produced, seeding can be done by means of a strip-laying range of about 30 cm, or by means of a cave-laying range of 30 cm and 25 cm, respectively, with a scale of 10 kg/hm2. If the soil is dry, it is necessary to pour water before sowing, sow when soil moisture is appropriate and sow without taking advantage of it。
When seeding, the seeds are mixed with about ten times the weight of dry soil, which is spread evenly on the surface, then covered with about 2 cm of fine soil, covered with wet wheatgrass and prevented from drying up the face。
After seeding, the temperature is 15 to 20°c, and when soil moisture is appropriate, at around 10d, seedlings are available, when they reach 10 cm, and seedlings start at 20 cm. You can also complete the seedlings and seedlings once at 15 cm above. The criteria for seedlings are: 1 seedling per 15-20 cm and 3-5 seedlings per cave. When seedlings are found, they may be filled immediately。
4 grass 4. 1 soil treatment before broadcast
Using 48 per cent fluorine cream 2500 ml/hm2, or 48 per cent dilamide cream 4000 ml/hm2, with sufficient water, all are sprayed to the right surface and then replanted in the soil。
4. 2 soil treatment before seedlings
In addition to the two herbicides mentioned above, soil surface spray treatment can be carried out after seeding with 33 per cent of herbicide 2500 ml/hm2, or 50 per cent of herbivorous net wettable powder 1500g/hm2, or 48 per cent of laso concentrate 200 ml/667m2。
4. 3 plumb treatment after seeding
If the last two application opportunities are missed, weeds can grow after the aroma has sprout, at a higher temperature, using 25% of herb ether emulsion 10,000 ml/hm2, and 25% of herbicide emulsion 6000 ml/hm2, 33% of herbicide emulsion 1500 ml/hm2, which is safer for herbal aroma and better for herbicide。
5 fertilizer water management
Since small aroma is dominated by the production of tubers, the demand for nitrogen fertilizer is high, only additional application of nitrogen fertilizers will ensure the growth rate of their leaves, combined fertilizers of 800 kg/hm2 can be applied in the application of base fertilizers, potassium a nitrogen phosphorus ratio of 25:6. 12 is appropriate for growing plants to 50 cm, 100 kg/hm2 urea can be applied through irrigation, 15d before harvest, and urea of 300 kg/hm2 urea will be followed up, with special attention to the inappropriate application of sprayed fertilizer to prevent effects on the quality of beam。
Small aroma prefers a wet environment, but is afraid to accumulate water, so it is important to water it in a timely manner in times of drought, especially when the leaf is harvested, and to provide sufficient moisture to allow the plant to be rapidly updated. During the rainy season, the digging of trenches and drainage must be carried out with the necessary equipment to prevent flooding。
6 pest and pest management 6. 1 phenomenon powder disease
The symptoms are the appearance of white powdered spots on the surface of the plant, which are then gradually expanded and consolidated in one piece, with severe changes in the staves and slow growth, leading to local depravity and death of the seedlings. The approach is to improve field hygiene and control the expansion of the sources of bacteria, and to provide timely chemical control in the event of an outbreak: 15% of the triazone humid powder 1,500 to 2,000 times the fluid, or 25% of the diagonal emulsifiable cream 3,000 times the fluid, or 70% of the methyl sulphate filamentable powder 1,000 times the fluid. Sprayed around 10d, two to three times in a row。
6. 2 chrysophyria nuclear disease
Main damage to the tubers and their base parts. The damaged plant is in a state of decay, has a brown humid form, has some softer decay, has a surface entangled around silky molds and eventually produces black particles. The method of prevention is a rotational system that avoids co-production, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in conjunction with the application of a sufficient amount of potassium phosphorus and organic fertilizers, which can be controlled by a chemical agent if the disease has occurred: 50 per cent of the fungino humid powder 1,500 times the fluid, or 40 per cent of the fungus nuclear net humid powder 500 times the fluid。
6. 3 pest control
Owing to the special odour of small aroma, which is rarely endangered by pests, most commonly by aphids, the problem is usually solved by a single application, where 24 per cent of the aphids can be treated with 1,000 times as wettable powder. The application of all chemical substances shall be discontinued until the harvest。
